1,720,973 research outputs found
Validation of a tool for estimating the effects of Soft- Errors on modern SRAM-based FPGAs
No full textPredicting soft errors on SRAM-based FPGAs without a wasteful time-consuming or a high-cost has always been a very difficult goal. Among the available methods, we proposed an updated version of analytical approach to predict Single Event Effects (SEEs) based on the analysis of the circuit the FPGA implements. In this paper, we provide an experimental validation of this approach, by comparing the results it provides with a fault injection campaign. We adopted our analytical method for computing the error-rate of a design implemented on SRAM-based FPGA. Furthermore, we compared the obtained soft-error figure with the one measured by fault injection. Experimental analysis demonstrated the analytical method closely match the effective soft-error rates becoming a viable solution for the soft-error estimation at early design phase
Analysis of radiation-induced SEUs on dynamic reconfigurable systems
No full textSRAM-Based FPGAs are widely employed in space and avionics computing. The unfriendly environment and FPGA radiation sensibility can have dramatic drawbacks on the application reliability. The partial self-reconfiguration ability gives an excellent aid to counteract single event upsets (SEUs) caused by excessive silicon ionization, and the consequent system misbehavior. Related to this feature, fault injection and fault emulation and configuration scrubbing, has been carried out over three versions of a reconfigurable Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) system: a single FFT, a single larger FFT and a FFT with TMR architecture. The analysis has been focused on multiple injected SEUs scenario, considering the availability problem in a real-time application and highlighting the circuit tolerance at the upset presence. This operation has the goal to emulate as much as possible a real radiation test avoiding all the handicaps that this procedure involves. The obtained results have shown the advantages of the configuration scrubbing performed with the aim to fix multiple upsets, achieving up to 13.6% of circuit hardening. The achieved conclusions are an interesting starting point for the study of fault mitigation techniques through the use of reconfiguration. The projects have been tested on a Z-7010 AP So
A Reliable Fault Classifier for Dependable Systems on SRAM-based FPGAs
No full textThis paper presents an algorithm for the discrimination of faults in FPGAs based on their recovery possibility; some faults can be recovered by reconfiguring the faulty part of the device, others have a destructive effect. After classification has been carried out, the suitable fault recovery strategy is applied, with the final aim of enabling the exploitation of FPGAs, in particular SRAM-based ones, for critical applications, such as the ones in the space environment. In this scenario, we investigate the reliable implementation of the fault classification algorithm, that can be so integrated in an overall reliable system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
On the Design of Highly Reliable System-on-Chip using Dynamically Reconfigurable FPGAs
No full textRadiation-induced Soft Errors are widely known since the advent of dynamic RAM chips. Reconfigurable FPGA devices based on SRAM configuration memories are extremely sensitive to these effects resulting in an unwelcome change of behavior in digital logic. Indeed, soft errors occur today as a result of radiation from space or even at sea level. Detection, protection and mitigation of soft errors beyond aerospace and defence applications have been widely debated over the last decades. In the present paper we provide a complete design flow illustrating the proper design rules ranging from the synthesis, mapping and physical place and route algorithm tailored to the implementation of high performance and reliable SoCs using dynamic-reconfiguration oriented SRAM-based FPGAs. Radiation experimental results obtained radiation test performed using proton particles demonstrated the goodness of our developed design flow resulting in an overall error cross-section reduction of more than 2 orders of magnitud
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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