131 research outputs found
ASD and offending: reflections of practice in from a New Zealand perspective
No full text
Purpose
There is growing awareness in New Zealand (NZ) of the impact that Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has on individuals and their families and the ability to engage in health services. Although it is a relatively rare condition, approximately 1 per cent of the population will have ASD, directly affecting approximately 40,000 individuals in NZ. The purpose of this paper is to provide some reflections and questions on what we can learn from a NZ perspective. This is based on an overview of the limited literature around ASD and offending and the author’s experience in the UK working in a medium secure unit.
Design/methodology/approach
Through a past site visit as part of the annual international conference on the Care and Treatment of Offenders with an Intellectual and/or Developmental Disability in the United Kingdom (UK), the author became aware of the medium secure forensic unit for male patients with ASD at the Roseberry Park Hospital (UK’s Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust). During the author’s advanced training in forensic psychiatry with the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists the author was privileged to be able to apply and be accepted for a four-month sabbatical training position at this hospital.
Findings
Outlined is background information about ASD and review findings from the limited literature on ASD and offending. Also outlined is the author’s learning as a trainee working in medium secure unit for people with ASD who have offended, and finally how this experience may help in the development of services in NZ, given that at this stage such services are under-developed.
Originality/value
To be able to share the valuable experience and learning opportunity the author was able to have, as well as raise the awareness of ASD generally, and specifically the need for specialist services for the small number of people with ASD who come into contact with Justice Services.
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Homer & Langley
No full textOn November 10, E.L. Doctorow —the renowned author of Billy Bathgate, Ragtime, and The March — read from his newest novel, Homer & Langley. Doctorow served as UNLV\u27s 2009 Elias Ghanem Chair in Creative Writing
Photo of E.L. Doctorow (left), and Carol C. Harter (right) at Homer and Langley in 2009 at Black Mountain Institute.
No full textOn November 10, E.L. Doctorow —the renowned author of Billy Bathgate, Ragtime, and The March — read from his newest novel, Homer & Langley. Doctorow served as UNLV\u27s 2009 Elias Ghanem Chair in Creative Writing.https://oasis.library.unlv.edu/blackmountain_images/1011/thumbnail.jp
Photo of E.L. Doctorow (left), and Carol C. Harter (right) at Homer and Langley in 2009 at Black Mountain Institute.
No full textOn November 10, E.L. Doctorow —the renowned author of Billy Bathgate, Ragtime, and The March — read from his newest novel, Homer & Langley. Doctorow served as UNLV\u27s 2009 Elias Ghanem Chair in Creative Writing.https://oasis.library.unlv.edu/blackmountain_images/1011/thumbnail.jp
International union of pharmacology LVII: Recommendations for the nomenclature of receptors for relaxin family peptides
No full textCopyright © 2006 by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.Although the hormone relaxin was discovered 80 years ago, only in the past 5 years have the receptors for relaxin and three other receptors that respond to related peptides been identified with all four receptors being G-protein-coupled receptors. In this review it is suggested that the receptors for relaxin (LGR7) and those for the related peptides insulin-like peptide 3 (LGR8), relaxin-3 (GPCR135), and insulin-like peptide 5 (LGPCR142) be named the relaxin family peptide receptors 1 through 4 (RXFP1-4). RXFP1 and RXFP2 are leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors with complex binding characteristics involving both the large ectodomain and the transmembrane loops. RXFP1 activates adenylate cyclase, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and extracellular signaling regulated kinase (Erk1/2) and also interacts with nitric oxide signaling. RXFP2 activates adenylate cyclase in recombinant systems, but physiological responses are sensitive to pertussis toxin. RXFP3 and RXFP4 resemble more conventional peptide liganded receptors and both inhibit adenylate cyclase, and in addition RXFP3 activates Erk1/2 signaling. Physiological studies and examination of the phenotypes of transgenic mice have established that relaxin has roles as a reproductive hormone involved in uterine relaxation (some species), reproductive tissue growth, and collagen remodeling but also in the cardiovascular and renal systems and in the brain. The connective tissue remodeling properties of relaxin acting at RXFP1 receptors have potential for the development of agents effective for the treatment of cardiac and renal fibrosis, asthma, and scleroderma and for orthodontic remodelling. Agents acting at RXFP2 receptors may be useful for the treatment of cryptorchidism and infertility, whereas antagonists may be used as contraceptives. The brain distribution of RXFP3 receptors suggests that actions at these receptors have the potential for the development of antianxiety and antiobesity drugs.Ross A. Bathgate, Richard Ivell, Barbara M. Sanborn, O. David Sherwood and Roger J. Summer
Structural properties of relaxin chimeras: NMR characterization of the R3/I5 relaxin peptide
No full textRelaxin-3 interacts with high potency with three relaxin family peptide receptors (RXFP1, RXFP3, and RXFP4). Therefore, the development of selective agonist and antagonist analogs is important for in vivo studies characterizing the biological significance of the different receptor–ligand systems and for future pharmaceutical applications. Recent reports demonstrated that a peptide selective for RXFP3 and RXFP4 over RXFP1 can be generated by the combination of the relaxin-3 B chain with the A chain from insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5), creating an R3/I5 chimera. We have used NMR spectroscopy to determine the three-dimensional structure of this peptide to gain structural insights into the consequences of combining chains from two different relaxins. The R3/I5 structure reveals a similar backbone conformation for the relaxin-3 B chain compared to native relaxin-3, and the INSL5 A chain displays a relaxin/insulin-like fold with two parallel helices. The findings indicate that binding and activation of RXFP3 and RXFP4 mainly require the B chain and that the A chain functions as structural support. RXFP1, however, demonstrates a more complex binding mechanism, involving both the A chain and the B chain. The creation of chimeras is a promising strategy for generating new structure–activity data on relaxins
Structural insights into the function of relaxins
No full textThe relaxin peptide hormones are members of the insulin superfamily and share a structural fold that is characterized by two peptide chains which are cross-braced by three disulfide bonds. On this framework, various amino acid side chains are presented, allowing specific interactions with different receptors. The relaxin receptors belong to two unrelated classes of G-protein-coupled receptors, but interestingly they are not selective for a single relaxin peptide. Relaxin-3, which is considered to be an extreme example of the relaxin family, can activate receptors from both classes and in fact interacts to some degree with all four receptors identified to date. To deduce how changes in the primary sequence can fine-tune the overall structure and thus the ability to interact with the various receptors, we have studied a range of relaxin-like peptides using solution nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Three-dimensional structures of relaxin-3, insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3), and INSL5 were determined and revealed a number of interesting features. All peptides showed a significant amount of line-broadening in certain regions, in particular around the intra-A-chain disulfide bond, suggesting that despite the disulfide bonds the fold is rather dynamic. Although the peptides share a common structural core there are significant differences, particularly around the termini. The structural data in combination with mutational studies provide valuable insights into the structure–activity relationships of relaxins
The economics of lucerne as an option for dryland salinity control in low rainfall environments.
No full textThe replanting of trees and other high water use perennial plant options has been the
major focus of dryland salinity management in recent times. Hydrologists have
indicated that unless these options are taken up on a very large scale, little can be
done to control ongoing land salinisation in southern Australia. The scale of the
problem is further exacerbated with very few economic options for salinity
management in low rainfall agricultural environments (< 350mm/year) which in
Western Australia includes 40-50% of our agricultural areas.
Phase farming with lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is an increasingly noted option for
dryland salinity management in Australia. The benefits of phase farming systems with
lucerne is currently considered to offer both hydrologic and economic benefits for
sustainable farming systems. In many areas it may be profitable to change farming
systems in order to achieve recharge reductions and therefore manage salinity at a
local scale- suggested to be possible in up to 30% of the agricultural landscape in
Western Australia (Pannell et al., 2001).
Our aims in this paper are (a) to review the advantages and disadvantages of lucerne
management, (b) to present results from a case study of lucerne in south-west Western
Australia by Bathgate and Pannell (2001) and (c) to assess the relevance of the case
study findings for environments with lower annual rainfall
National Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health [NCEPH] staff
No full textSome names are known. Please contact [email protected] with any additional identifications.
Back standing row: Erich Kliewer (1st on left), Phyllis Dance (2nd from left), David Crawford (3rd from left), Jane Thompson (5th from left, white collared shirt with cardigan), Joan Lonergan (6th from left, patterned shirt)
Front standing row: Kaye Devlin (2nd from left), Remo Ostini (4th from left, white shirt), Gabrielle Brummer (far right, wearing glasses)
Back seated row: Janis Shaw (1st on left), Stephanie Bathgate (2nd from left), Robert Douglas (4th from left), John Caldwell (5th from left), John Deeble (2nd from right), John McCallum (right)
Front seated row (on floor): Elizabeth Chalker (2nd from right), Rodney Mallon (on right
Clinical pharmacology in the UK, c. 1950–2000: influences and institutions
No full textThe history of clinical pharmacology in the UK over the last half of the twentieth century is largely untold. Many important new drugs were developed and brought to market in the 1950s and 1960s ensuring the need for more systematic knowledge of drug effects in humans and also providing new career opportunities in teaching, research and practice. The 30th anniversary of the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology in 2004 and the 75th anniversary of the British Pharmacological Society in 2006 had prompted reflections from practicing clinical pharmacologists. It was timely, therefore, to bring together clinical pharmacologists and others who have shaped the discipline, to promote historical analysis and debate. Chaired by Professor Rod Flower, the meeting considered such questions as: What was/is clinical pharmacology? Which were the main centres of influence? Who and what were the main drivers? Who became clinical pharmacologists and why? What was the significance of specialized societies, meetings and journals?
Participants included Dr Stuart Anderson, Dr Jeffrey Aronson, Professor David Barnett, Dr Linda Beeley, Professor Sir James Black, Professor Morris Brown, Professor Mark Caulfield, Sir Iain Chalmers, Professor Donald Davies, Professor Robin Ferner, Dr Arthur Fowle, Professor Sir Charles George, Professor David Gordon, Professor David Grahame-Smith, Dr Andrew Herxheimer, Dr Kenneth Hunter, Professor Trevor Jones, Professor Desmond Laurence, Professor Denis McDevitt, Professor Walter Nimmo, Professor Michael Orme, Dr Anthony Peck, Professor Laurie Prescott, Professor Brian Prichard, Professor John Reid, Professor James Ritter, Professor Philip Routledge, Professor Tilli Tansey, Professor Geoffrey Tucker, Professor Patrick Vallance, Professor Duncan Vere, the late Professor Owen Wade, Professor David Webb and Professor Frank Woods
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