1,720,956 research outputs found
Human Rights as Politics: Truth, Justice, and Reconciliation in Post-dictatorship Chile (1990-98)
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/748a185a-1d96-4e10-add1-5be0f61a9a5e/thumb/128.jpgPost-conflict politics in Latin American states transitioning away from authoritarian regimes during the late 20th century have largely been defined not just by neoliberal governance, but also by an imperative to manage the past, and the moral and social conflicts over its legacies. How governments assert official versions of the past, conceptualize past and present forms of violence, and understand historical justice–all part of the larger rallying cry of human rights–has become critical to how governments claim legitimacy especially with respect to their contentious, violent origins. This thesis explores how human rights discourses were articulated in post-dictatorship Chile (1990-1998), and how these discourses shaped the political culture of the transition to democracy (usually termed the “politics of consensus”). The development of human rights discourse can be seen in the arenas of truth, reparations, and justice that are central to the memory politics of democratic transitions. This thesis tracks the notions of violence and victimhood that were articulated in and gained hegemony through the Chilean National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation (the CNVR); how these conceptions of violence played out in legislative movements for reparations and women’s rights, as well as laws on terrorism; and how the hegemony of the CNVR was challenged in early human rights trials, especially the trial of ex-secret police chief Manuel Contreras. I argue that the political articulation of human rights discourse–and what was not included in this discourse–helped establish the boundaries of political culture and practice in post-transitional Chile
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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The Madrasa Tibbiya and the Reform of Avicennian Medicine in Colonial India c. 1889-1930
Full text linkThis project examines the pedagogical experiment that was the Madrasa Tibbiya of Delhi (est. 1889). It excavates the changes to the medical imaginaries and subjectivities of Avicennian practitioners and their patients and patrons in colonial India. These changes emerged as practitioners began incorporating the diagnostic practices, instruments and theories of global scientific medicine into their own humoral medical tradition which, by the late nineteenth century, was already a palimpsest of epistemic and technical forms that were Hellenic, Arabic, Persian, and Sanskritic in provenance. I illustrate these changes through a new archive of print material primarily in the Urdu language that also includes textual elements in Persian and Arabic. This archive reveals the transformations in medical perception, the embodiment of medical labor, and the voices of sick people, and the meaning of professional community that signified the reformation of the Avicennian episteme and the subjectivities produced through it. I argue that these transformations coincided with broader social changes experienced by the demographic group to which practitioners and their patients belonged, the north Indian Muslim service-gentry. Ultimately, my study demonstrates that as the service-gentry lost their ancestral lands and the patronage of royal courts, as they became middle class, they also began to imagine their bodies anew – their social transformation was coincident with the epistemic transformations to healing, disease, and selfhood that my project reveals. As such, this dissertation makes two important contributions to the social and cultural history of Muslim north India: it presents a hitherto unstudied archive of Urdu medical periodicals, institutional reports and pamphlets; it introduces methods from the medical humanities to suggest that medicine as much as law can be studied as a site of subject formation for the north Indian Muslim gentry
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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