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Why were there almost no matriculation registers in late medieval European universities – except in those of the German Empire?
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City of Refuge
No full textAbstract This chapter discusses the evacuation of universities in London to the provinces during the Second World War. The largest number of students went to Cambridge, from universities such as the London School of Economics (LSE), Queen Mary College (QMC), the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Bedford College, St Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College (Barts), the London Hospital Medical College, and the Bartlett School of Architecture. The looks at the awareness of students of the differences between their lives in Cambridge and in London. Even with the severe dislocation, both London and Cambridge colleges benefited from this relationship. The chapter references how the LSE learned the benefits of residential accommodation, and Cambridge colleges received access to new subjects such as sociology
Ancient history in British universities and public life 1715-1810
Get PDFOver the eighteenth century, ancient history was increasingly read in English, appearing in new forms and interpretations. This reflected the development of history in universities as a subject not merely read, but taught. This teaching took on many forms: serving as a predecessor to other studies, building a knowledge base of case studies for 'higher' subjects, or (increasingly) an independent subject.
What ancient history was taught, how was it taught, why was it taught, and what did students go on to use it for? Ancient history as an independent subject had a limited role in the curriculum despite the foundation of Chairs of History in most universities. When it was taught as such, the focus was on explaining modern institutions via ancient comparisons; on the training of statesmen by classical examples; or, more rarely, on demonstrating a particular conception of social development. These uses of history could be seen across both national and subject boundaries. Whilst differences between universities are evident, evidence in the teaching of history suggests the absolute dichotomy between the English and Scottish systems has been overstated. The interesting case of Trinity College Dublin suggests common features across Britain in how âliberal educationâ was conceived of and how history fit into it.
The practical application of ancient history to the education of statesmen may be seen in the variety of ways it was used in political discourse. This is explored mainly in Parliament, the ultimate destination of the "statesmen" in whose training history was supposed to play a large part, via debates over questions of empire and imperial rights in the second half of the eighteenth century. Superior knowledge of ancient history constituted a rhetorical claim to the twin statuses of gentleman, being classically-educated, and statesman â showing understanding of historical context and precedent.</p
Part 2: Cross-channel memorialisation: Edward Young in France
Get PDFThis two-part chapter considers the case of Edward Young (1683–1765), poet and Fellow of All Souls. Young entered All Souls in 1708 and left twenty-two years later when he secured a Church living in the College’s gift. He divided his time between Oxford and literary London, writing poetry and plays with an eye to securing potential political and ecclesiastical patrons. He achieved international fame with his Night Thoughts (1742–5), a long blank-verse poem mourning three bereavements and arguing for the consolation of immortal life after death. In the second part of the chapter Catriona Seth considers the fortune of the Night Thoughts in French translation and the importance granted to the scene of Narcissa’s burial. She shows how the question of memorialisation became a hot topic in Montpellier where, possibly because of an erroneous footnote, many a literary pilgrimage was undertaken to pay respect to ‘Young’s daughter’
Albanum and the villas of Domitian
No full textDomitian's arx albana appears in the ancient writers as a house of horrors in which the prince would have indulged in all sorts of outrages. Situated within a short distance from Rome on the fringe of a lake, it offered as a matter of fact all the advantages of a classical suburban villa, whether republican or imperial, and republican antecedents are indeed attested in the vicinity. Few vestiges have survived of the building raised on three terraces but the artificial grotto of the Ninfeo Bergantino on the bank of the lake is a close reminder of the Sperlonga grotto, the latter a natural one fitted out in a villa of Tiberius near Formiae. The examination of the literary data shows that at Alba Domitian shared his time between the traditional entertainments of a suburban villa and work. Only the wilful purpose to malign the emperor's memory turned into a palace of horror what was only a country resort similar to those later possessed by Trajan, or Hadrian with the celebrated villa at Tibur.L'arx albana de Domitien apparaît chez les auteurs anciens comme une maison des horreurs où le prince se serait livré à toute sorte d'exactions. Située à proximité de Rome, en bordure d'un lac, elle présentait en fait tous les avantages de la villa suburbaine classique, républicaine ou impériale, et, de fait, des antécédents républicains sont attestés à proximité. Peu de vestiges subsistent de l'édifice, étage sur trois terrasses ; mais la grotte artificielle du Ninfeo Bergantino, au bord du lac, rappelle très étroitement celle, naturelle, de Sperlonga aménagée dans une villa de Tibère près de Formies. L'examen des données littéraires montre qu'à Albe Domitien menait une activité partagée entre plaisirs traditionnels de la villa suburbaine et travail. Seule, la volonté délibérée de nuire à la mémoire de l'empereur a transformé en palais de l'épouvante ce qui n'était qu'un lieu de villégiature comme en possédèrent après lui Trajan, ou Hadrien avec la célèbre villa de Tibur.Darwall-Smith Robin Haydon. Albanum and the villas of Domitian. In: Pallas, 40/1994. Les années Domitien. pp. 145-165
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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