1,721,023 research outputs found
Basis for the Implementation of an EEG-Based Single-Trial Binary Brain Computer Interface Through the Disgust Produced by Remembering Unpleasant Odors
No full textIn order to implement an EEG-based brain computer interface (BCI), a very large number of strategies (ranging from sensory-motor, p300, auditory based, visually based) can be used. However, no technique exists which is based on the olfactory stimulation or, better, based on the imagination of olfactory stimuli.The present paper describes an innovative paradigm, that is the voluntary brain activation with the disgust produced by remembering unpleasant odors, and a simple and robust classification method on which a single trial binary BCI can be implemented. In order to classify the signal, mainly the channels P4, C4, T8 and P8 have been used, by spanning the frequency band between 32 and 42. Hz, that is a subset of the gamma band external to the bands usually occupied by other tasks (the interval between 1 and 30. Hz), and the alpha band between 8 and 12. Hz.Right hemisphere of the brain and gamma band of frequencies are particularly sensitive when experiencing negative emotions, such as the disgust produced by smelling or remembering unpleasant odors, while the alpha band is usually modified with concentration. This constitutes an advantage for the proposed classification technique because it is made intrinsically easy by the localization into particular positions and frequencies: different features are mostly based on different frequency bands.The choice of disgust produced by remembering unpleasant odors is twofold: smelling is an ancestral sensation which is so strong that its EEG signal is produced also in persons affected by hyposmia when they imagine an olfactory situation; it can be used without external stimulation, that is the user can decide freely when and if activate it.The proposed method and the experimental setup are described and a series of experimental measurements are presented and discussed. The accuracy of the proposed method is also evaluated and the reached levels are about 90%. The proposed system can be a useful communication alternative for disabled people that cannot use other BCI paradigms
Combining Keypoint Clustering and Neural Background Subtraction for Real-time Moving Object Detection by PTZ Cameras
No full textDetection of moving objects is a topic of great interest in computer vision. This task represents a prerequisite
for more complex duties, such as classification and re-identification. One of the main challenges regards the
management of dynamic factors, with particular reference to bootstrapping and illumination change issues.
The recent widespread of PTZ cameras has made these issues even more complex in terms of performance due
to their composite movements (i.e., pan, tilt, and zoom). This paper proposes a combined keypoint clustering
and neural background subtraction method for real-time moving object detection in video sequences acquired
by PTZ cameras. Initially, the method performs a spatio-temporal tracking of the sets of moving keypoints to
recognize the foreground areas and to establish the background. Subsequently, it adopts a neural background
subtraction to accomplish a foreground detection, in these areas, able to manage bootstrapping and gradual
illumination changes. Experimental results on two well-known public datasets and comparisons with different
key works of the current state-of-the-art demonstrate the remarkable results of the proposed method
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Encephalic NMR Image Classification
No full textThe primary purpose of digital
nuclear magnetic resonance encephalic image
analysis is highlighting, on the original picture
generated by the NMR device, the basic
components of the image itself: Eventual Cerebral
Anomaly, Cerebral Tissue, Rest of the Image,
Background. These items are identified as
"different objects" of the same original image.
This "differentiation" inside the original image is
extremely important because it is the first step to
make before dealing with a multitude of critical
tasks such as: diagnosis, analysis, peculiar zone
delineation, abnormal masses identification and
irradiation, three-dimensional internal organ
reconstruction, tissue characterization and so on.
The object of the present work is the creation
of a "Univocal Numerical Characterization" of
the above mentioned four basic components, in
order to make a "Classification" of each set pixels
inside each original image
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