78 research outputs found
The Shariʿa-State and the Islamist Shariʿatization of Islam
No full textThe Department of Arab and Islamic Civilizations is honored to host Prof. Dr. Bassam Tibi, Professor Emeritus of International Relations (Göttingen), with the generous support of the Cleveland H. Dodge foundation. Prof.Tibi is the author of more than forty books in English and German, and he held chairs at both Cornell and Göttingen Universities before his retirement in 2009. He was an also affiliate of the Harvard Center for International Affairs from 1982–2000. Prof. Tibi has held visiting appointments around the world at universities in Turkey, Cameroon, Singapore, Sudan, Switzerland, Indonesia, and Austria, as well as Harvard, Princeton, Berkeley, Michigan, and Yale in the United States
Islam's Predicament with Modernity: Religious Reform and Cultural Change, by Bassam Tibi
No full textBassam Tibi, Islam's Predicament with Modernity: Religious Reform and Cultural Change, London and New York, Routledge, 2009. Islam's Predicament with Modernity presents an in-depth cultural and political analysis of the issue of political Islam as a potential source of tensions and conflict, and how this might be peacefully resolved. Looking at the issue of modernity from an Islamic point of view, the author examines the role of culture and religion in Muslim society under conditions of glob..
The Humanist Reception of St. Basil's Homily In Illud: Attende Tibi Ipsi In the XV–XVI cent
No full textThis paper deals with the humanist reception of St. Basil’s homily In illud: attende tibi ipsi up to 1532. In the XV cent., three new Latin translations were made in the circle of cardinal Bessarion: by Bessarion himself, by his protégé Athanasius Chalkeopulos, and by an anonymous author, probably Pietro Balbi. The translation of Franciscus Maturantius was published as a separate edition in 1522, and that of Rafaelle Maff ei appeared in the first Latin Opera of Basil in 1515. A review of these translations and of the dedicatory epistles shows that not only the humanistic program or theological views of Basil were of interest for the humanists. Attende tibi is valued as an example of biblical exegesis and because of its moral and ascetic content. Although, on the whole, reception centers in this period tend to distance from the Church, all our translators, except for one, are associated with the Roman Catholic Church. The comparison of the biblical «give heed to thyself» with the Delphic «know thyself», found in Maturantius’ dedicatory letter and in Maffei’s marginalia, aims at demonstrating the superiority of Christian wisdom, not at promoting the study of philosophy. Only two of the discussed translations were published, and a more or less large-scale dissemination of Basilius Latinus starts no earlier than in the 20s. of XVI cent., when the translation of Maff ei was reissued in Paris (1520 and 1523), Cologne (in 1523 and 1531) and Basel (1523)
Equivalence of ensembles for large vehicle-sharing models
No full textInternational audienceFor a class of large closed Jackson networks submitted to capacity constraints, asymptotic independence of the nodes in normal traffic phase is proved at stationarity under mild assumptions, using a Local Limit Theorem. The limiting distributions of the queues are explicit. In the Statistical Mechanics terminology, the equivalence of ensembles - canonical and grand canonical - is proved for specific marginals. The framework includes the case of networks with two types of nodes: single server/finite capacity nodes and infinite servers/infinite capacity nodes, that can be taken as basic models for bike-sharing systems. The effect of local saturation is modeled by generalized blocking and rerouting procedures, under which the stationary state is proved to have product-form. The grand canonical approximation can then be used for adjusting the total number of bikes and the capacities of the stations to the expected demand
Spatial homogenization in a stochastic network with mobility
No full textA stochastic model for a mobile network is studied. Users enter the network, and then perform independent Markovian routes between nodes, where they receive service according to the Processor-Sharing policy. Once their service requirement is satisfied, they leave the system. The stability region is identified via a fluid limit approach, and strongly relies on a ``spatial homogenization'' property: At the fluid level, customers are instantaneously distributed across the network according to the stationary distribution of their Markovian dynamics and stay distributed as such as long as the network is not empty. In the unstable regime, spatial homogenization almost surely holds asymptotically as time goes to infinity (on the normal scale), telling how the system fills up. One of the technical achievements of the paper is the construction of a family of martingales associated to the multidimensional process of interest, which makes it possible to get crucial estimates for certain exit times
Yves Coativy, Ilona Hans-Collas, Didier Jugan & Danielle Quéruel, eds, « Hirie dime, varchoas dide ». La Mort et ses représentations
No full textLe présent ouvrage est la publication des actes du xxe congrès de l’association Danses macabres d’Europe (Dme), qui s’est tenu à l’Université de Bretagne-Occidentale en septembre 2023. Son titre « Hirie dime, varchoas dide » est une expression bretonne dérivant du latin Hodie mihi, cras tibi et signifiant « Aujourd’hui c’est moi, demain c’est toi ». Cette sentence orne le catafalque de l’église de Saint-Gilles-Pligeaux (Côtes-d’Armor). Elle résume parfaitement le contenu de l’ouvrage, en ce ..
Max Weber e il dibattito attuale sulle migrazioni
No full textMax Weber and the Current Debate on Migration. Drawing on Max Weber’s famous Antrittsvorlesung (1895), the author develops an ideal type framework to categorize various perspectives on the migration issue. Based on two contrasting attitudes – the axiological-differential and the universal-relativistic – the author critically examines the positions of Thilo Sarrazin, Bassam Tibi, and Aladdin El-Mafaalani
Stationary analysis of the shortest queue problem
No full textInternational audienceA simple analytical solution is proposed for the stationary loss system of two parallel queues with finite capacity K, in which new customers join the shortest queue, or one of the two with equal probability if their lengths are equal. The arrival process is Poisson, service times at each queue have exponential distributions with the same parameter, and both queues have equal capacity. Using standard generating function arguments, a simple expression for the blocking probability is derived, which as far as we know is original. Using coupling arguments and explicit formulas, comparisons with related loss systems are then provided. Bounds are similarly obtained for the average total number of customers, with the stationary distribution explicitly determined on {K,…,2K}, and elsewhere upper bounded. Furthermore, from the balance equations, all stationary probabilities are obtained as explicit combinations of their values at states (0,k) for 0≤k≤K. These expressions extend to the infinite capacity and asymmetric cases, i.e., when the queues have different service rates. For the initial symmetric finite capacity model, the stationary probabilities of states (0,k) can be obtained recursively from the blocking probability. In the other cases, they are implicitly determined through a functional equation that characterizes their generating function. The whole approach shows that the stationary distribution of the infinite capacity symmetric process is the limit of the corresponding finite capacity distributions. For the infinite capacity symmetric model, we provide an elementary proof of a result by Cohen which gives the solution of the functional equation in terms of an infinite product with explicit zeroes and poles
Analysis of an algorithm catching elephants on the Internet
No full textInternational audienceThe paper deals with the problem of catching the elephants in the Internet traffic. The aim is to investigate an algorithm proposed by Azzana based on a multistage Bloom filter, with a refreshment mechanism (called in the present paper), able to treat on-line a huge amount of flows with high traffic variations. An analysis of a simplified model estimates the number of false positives. Limit theorems for the Markov chain that describes the algorithm for large filters are rigorously obtained. The asymptotic behavior of the stochastic model is here deterministic. The limit has a nice formulation in terms of a queue, which is analytically tractable and which allows to tune the algorithm optimally
On the Fluid Limits of Some Loss Networks
No full textWe study the fluid limits of loss networks under Kelly's scaling. In the case of heavy traffic for a single node and J classes of calls, we prove a degenerate diffusion approximation theorem around the corresponding fluid limit. After a careful analysis of some reflected random walks in N, we prove that Hunt and Kurtz's conjecture (1994) for the trunk reservation policy is wrong. We conclude with some remarks on the conjecture in the case of an uncontrolled network
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