455 research outputs found
Term Variation in Institutional Languages: Degrees of Specialization in Municipal Waste Management Terminology
No full textInstitutional Italian is a variety of Italian used in the official communications of institutions, especially in public administrations. Besides legal and administrative languages, it comprises the language used in websites, social media and advertising material produced by public administrations. To understand the lexical profile of institutional languages completely, standard measures of lexical complexity, like the type-token ratio and the percentage of basic vocabulary, should be complemented with the examination of the terminological variation. This study compares the terminology of three types of institutional texts: administrative acts, technical-operational texts, and informative texts. In particular, we collected 86 terms with various degrees of specialization and analysed their distribution within the subcorpora of ItaIst-DdAC{\_}GRU, a corpus composed of institutional texts drafted by Italian municipalities about municipal waste management. Results suggest that administrative acts employ high-specialization terms compliant with the law, often in the form of acronyms. Conversely, informative texts contain more low-specialization terms, privileging single-word terms to remain self-contained. Finally, the terminology of technical-operational texts is characterised by standardized and formulaic phrases
Persistence Exponent in Superantiferromagnetic Quenching
No full textWe measure the persistence exponent in a phase separating two-dimensional spin system with non-conserved dynamics quenched in a region with four coexisting stripe phases. The system is an Ising model with nearest neighbor, next-to-the-nearest neighbor and plaquette interactions. Due the particular nature of the ground states, the order parameter is defined in terms of blocks of spins. Our estimate of the persistence exponent, ` = 0:42, differs from those of the two-dimensional Ising and four state Potts models. Our procedure allows the study of persistence properties also at finite temperature T : our results are compatible with the hypothesis that ` does not depend on T below the critical point. PACS numbers: 02.50.-r, 05.40.+j, 05.20.-y Typeset using REVT E X Corresponding author I. INTRODUCTION When a system is quenched from a disordered phase into a multiphase coexistence region, ordered domains form randomly and grow in a self-similar way [ 1]. The kinetics of coarsening domai..
Punti di vista impossibili nel palinsesto virtuale della città | Impossible points of view in the virtual palimpsest of the city
No full textIl disegno del palinsesto delle città costituisce attrazione significativa nei videogiochi. Questo contributo indaga le nuove forme di interazione virtuale fra utente e città grazie ai modelli digitali delle stesse che, scavalcabili, manovrabili e governabili, consentono all’utente di osservare la città da punti di vista fisicamente ‘impossibili’. In questa nuova forma di ‘abitare virtuale’ l’utente diventa autore e organizzatore di nuovi palinsesti di città in cui l’inedito del punto di vista costituisce occasione per costruire palinsesti immaginari.The design of the urban palimpsest is a significant attraction to video games. This contribution investigates the new forms of virtual interaction between the user and the city thanks to digital models of the same which, climbing over, maneuverable and controllable, allow the user to observe the city from physically ‘impossible’ points of view. In this new form of ‘virtual living’, the user becomes the author and organizer of new city palimpsests where the unprecedented point of view is an opportunity to build imaginary palimpsests
Transcriptional regulation and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
No full textBacterial drug resistance is one of the major challenges to present and future human health, as the continuous selection of multidrug resistant bacteria poses at serious risk the possibility to treat infectious diseases in the near future. One of the infection at higher risk to become incurable is tuberculosis, due to the few drugs available in the market against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug resistance in this species is usually due to point mutations in the drug target or in proteins required to activate prodrugs. However, another interesting and underexplored aspect of bacterial physiology with important impact on drug susceptibility is represented by the changes in transcriptional regulation following drug exposure. The main regulators involved in this phenomenon in M. tuberculosis are the sigma factors, and regulators belonging to the WhiB, GntR, XRE, Mar and TetR families. Better understanding the impact of these regulators in survival to drug treatment might contribute to identify new drug targets and/or to design new strategies of intervention
Recent advances and unmet needs in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis
No full textIntroductionDrug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) still represents a critical global health threat despite recent therapeutic advances. The shift from long, injectable-based regimens to shorter, all-oral regimens has improved outcomes, yet substantial challenges remain in ensuring efficacy, safety, and equitable access.Areas coveredWe reviewed recent literature (2020-2025) searching PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov, WHO guidelines, conference abstract books focusing on recent policy-changing, or knowledge-advancing Phase II/III clinical trials assessing novel DR-TB drugs/regimens.We reported the persisting issues of drug toxicity and acquisition of drug resistance, reviewing evidence from trials, surveillance data, and real-life studies. We provided an overview of new compounds and regimens in the pipeline and underlined the critical role of drug-susceptibility testingAreas coveredWe reviewed recent literature (2020-2025) searching PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov, WHO guidelines, conference abstract books focusing on recent policy-changing, or knowledge-advancing Phase II/III clinical trials assessing novel DR-TB drugs/regimens.We reported the persisting issues of drug toxicity and acquisition of drug resistance, reviewing evidence from trials, surveillance data, and real-life studies. We provided an overview of new compounds and regimens in the pipeline and underlined the critical role of drug-susceptibility testingExpert opinionThe availability of multiple short, all-oral regimens offers unprecedented therapeutic opportunities for drug-resistant tuberculosis. At the same time, the rise in bedaquiline resistance hampers the efficacy of these regimens and represents a global health threat. A promising rich pipeline of new compounds under development holds an important transformational potential in TB treatment; however, integrated drug-diagnostic development is needed to avoid past mistakes. Global advocacy for equitable access to TB treatment is fundamental to pairing scientific progress with concrete impact
Leggere, Interpretare e Ri-configurare il convento di Santa Maria della Sanità a Napoli | Reading, Interpreting and Re-configuring the Convent of Santa Maria della Sanità in Naples
No full textThe history of architectural thought is profoundly intertwined with the literary tradition of description, an approach rooted in the rhetoric of ekphrasis, which uses text to evoke a visual and sensory experience almost equivalent to that provided by the image itself. Through expressive use and pathos in textual composition, the written word becomes a means to ‘imagine’ and understand the described object, enhancing the reader’s perceptual experience and facilitating critical analysis. In the outlined context and within the framework of research conducted on the monastic complex of Santa Maria della Sanità in Naples, the proposed contribution advances the analysis of an unpublished narrativedescriptive source titled Vita del P. Maestro F. Domenico di S. Tommaso (1689), written by Dominican friar Ottaviano Bulgarini of the Order of Preachers of Sanità, to honor the memory of Fra’ Domenico Ottomano, born Osman, the son of Sultan Ibrahim and the young Giacoma of the noble Beccarini family from Manfredonia.
Specifically, it is in the sixth of the ten books that comprise the volume where the author recounts how Fra’ Domenico arrived in Naples to attend the
novitiate school in the convent of Sanità, concluding with a detailed description of the convent itself, in response to the Fathers’ desire to show the
young novice “all the parts of that sumptuous and renowned monastery.” Through this detailed textual description, the reader is led on a captivating mental journey, rediscovering the spaces of the ancient convent. The combination of such richly detailed descriptions contributes to this study by offering a reassessment and integration of previously examined documentary and iconographic sources, as well as a reinterpretation of the convent’s architectural configuration
Fulminant autoimmune hepatitis in a girl with 22q13 deletion syndrome: a previously unreported association
No full textWe report a 7-year-old girl with 22q13 deletion syndrome, 46,XX,Ish del(22)(q13.3)(ARSA-; D22S1726), who developed a fulminant autoimmune hepatitis requiring orthotopic liver transplantation. Recently, it has been suggested that the Shank3 gene product, whose deficiency is responsible for the features observed in this syndrome, could play a role in immunological response. Despite an increased incidence of respiratory infections, autoimmune diseases have thus far not been reported in patients with this syndrome. This is the first case of fulminant autoimmune hepatitis associated with the 22q13 deletion syndrome. The possible relationships between immune system dysfunctions peculiar of this syndrome and autoimmune hepatitis are discussed
Tests for tuberculosis infection: landscape analysis
No full textOnly tuberculin skin tests (TST) and two interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) – QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB – are currently endorsed by the World Health Organization as tests for tuberculosis (TB) infection. While IGRAs are more specific than TST, they require sophisticated laboratory infrastructure and are costly to perform. However, both types of tests have limited performance to predict development of active TB. Tests with improved predictive performance and operational characteristics are needed.
We reviewed the current landscape of tests for TB infection identified through a web-based survey targeting diagnostic manufacturers globally.
We identified 20 tests for TB infection including 15 in-vitro tests and five skin tests. Thirteen of the in-vitro tests are whole-blood IGRA and 14 uses early secreted antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10), with or without additional antigens. Ten are based on assays other than an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay such as a fluorescent lateral flow assay, which requires less manual operation and shorter assay time and hence is more suitable for decentralisation compared to the existing IGRA.
Four of the five skin tests use ESAT-6 and CFP-10 proteins while the remaining one uses a new antigen that is specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
New tests have the potential to improve accuracy, operational characteristics and end-user access to tests for TB infection. However, published data in various populations and settings are limited for most new tests. Evaluation of these new tests in a standardised design would facilitate their endorsement and programmatic scale-up
Parlare insieme. Studi per Daniela Zorzi
No full textIl volume è dedicato a Daniela Zorzi, per lungo tempo docente di Linguistica applicata presso la Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia e successivamente presso la Scuola Superiore di Lingue Moderne per Interpreti e Traduttori (ora Dipartimento di Interpretazione e Traduzione) dell’Università di Bologna. I saggi di colleghe e colleghi, di allieve e allievi, si iscrivono principalmente negli ambiti di ricerca di Daniela Zorzi, cioè la didattica e l’apprendimento linguistico, la comunicazione istituzionale, l’analisi linguistica per l’interpretazione e la traduzione, l’interazione dialogica
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