79 research outputs found
Change Patterns for Model Creation: Investigating the Role of Nesting Depth
No full textProcess model quality has been an area of considerable research efforts. In this context, the correctness-by-construction principle of change patterns offers a promising perspective. However, using change patterns for model creation imposes a more structured way of modeling. While the process of process modeling (PPM) based on change primitives has been investigated, little is known about this process based on change patterns and factors that impact the cognitive complexity of pattern usage. Insights from the field of cognitive psychology as well as observations from a pilot study suggest that the nesting depth of the model to be created has a significant impact on cognitive complexity. This paper proposes a research design to test the impact of nesting depth on the cognitive complexity of change pattern usage in an experiment.This research is supported by Austrian Science Fund (FWF): P23699-N23.Weber, B.; Pinggera, J.; Torres Bosch, MV.; Reichert, M. (2013). Change Patterns for Model Creation: Investigating the Role of Nesting Depth. En Advanced Information Systems Engineering Workshops (CAISE). Springer Verlag. 198-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38490-5_19S198204Kock, N., Verville, J., Danesh-Pajou, A., DeLuca, D.: Communication flow orientation in business process modeling and its effect on redesign success: Results from a field study. DSS 46, 562–575 (2009)Mendling, J., Verbeek, H.M.W., van Dongen, B.F., van der Aalst, W.M.P., Neumann, G.: Detection and prediction of errors in EPCs of the SAP reference model. DKE 64, 312–329 (2008)Weber, B., Reichert, M., Rinderle, S.: Change Patterns and Change Support Features - Enhancing Flexibility in Process-Aware Information Systems. DKE 66, 438–466 (2008)Soffer, P., Kaner, M., Wand, Y.: Towards Understanding the Process of Process Modeling: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations. In: Daniel, F., Barkaoui, K., Dustdar, S. (eds.) BPM 2011 Workshops, Part I. LNBIP, vol. 99, pp. 357–369. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Pinggera, J., Zugal, S., Weidlich, M., Fahland, D., Weber, B., Mendling, J., Reijers, H.A.: Tracing the Process of Process Modeling with Modeling Phase Diagrams. In: Daniel, F., Barkaoui, K., Dustdar, S. (eds.) BPM 2011 Workshops, Part I. LNBIP, vol. 99, pp. 370–382. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Claes, J., Vanderfeesten, I., Reijers, H.A., Pinggera, J., Weidlich, M., Zugal, S., Fahland, D., Weber, B., Mendling, J., Poels, G.: Tying Process Model Quality to the Modeling Process: The Impact of Structuring, Movement, and Speed. In: Barros, A., Gal, A., Kindler, E. (eds.) BPM 2012. LNCS, vol. 7481, pp. 33–48. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Pinggera, J., Soffer, P., Zugal, S., Weber, B., Weidlich, M., Fahland, D., Reijers, H.A., Mendling, J.: Modeling Styles in Business Process Modeling. In: Bider, I., Halpin, T., Krogstie, J., Nurcan, S., Proper, E., Schmidt, R., Soffer, P., Wrycza, S. (eds.) EMMSAD 2012 and BPMDS 2012. LNBIP, vol. 113, pp. 151–166. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Weber, B., Pinggera, J., Torres Bosch, V., Reichert, M.: Change patterns in use: A critical evaluation. In: Proc. BPMDS (accepted, 2013)Gray, P.: Psychology. Worth Publishers (2007)Tracz, W.: Computer programming and the human thought process. Software: Practice and Experience 9, 127–137 (1979)Jeffries, R., Turner, A., Polson, P., Atwood, M.: The Process Involved in Designing Software. In: Cognitive Skills and Their Acquisition, pp. 255–283. Erlbaum (1981)Rist, R.: Schema Creation in Programming. Cognitive Science 13, 389–414 (1989)Kant, E., Newell, A.: Problem Solving Techniques for the design of algorithms. Information Processing & Management 20, 97–118 (1984)Anderson, J.: Acquisition of cognitive skill. Psychological Review 89, 369–406 (1982)Guindon, R., Curtis, B.: Control of cognitive processes during software design: what tools are needed? In: Proc. CHI 1988, pp. 263–268 (1988)Sweller, J.: Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 257–285 (1988)Brooks, R.: Towards a theory of the cognitive processes in computer programming. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 9, 737–751 (1977)Pinggera, J., Zugal, S., Weber, B., Fahland, D., Weidlich, M., Mendling, J., Reijers, H.A.: How the Structuring of Domain Knowledge Can Help Casual Process Modelers. In: Parsons, J., Saeki, M., Shoval, P., Woo, C., Wand, Y. (eds.) ER 2010. LNCS, vol. 6412, pp. 445–451. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)Mendling, J., Strembeck, M., Recker, J.: Factors of process model comprehension - findings from a series of experiments. DSS 53, 195–206 (2012)Figl, K., Laue, R.: Cognitive complexity in business process modeling. In: Mouratidis, H., Rolland, C. (eds.) CAiSE 2011. LNCS, vol. 6741, pp. 452–466. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)Zugal, S., Pinggera, J., Reijers, H., Reichert, M., Weber, B.: Making the Case for Measuring Mental Effort. In: Proc. EESSMod 2012, pp. 37–42 (2012)Pinggera, J., Zugal, S., Weber, B.: Investigating the Process of Process Modeling with Cheetah Experimental Platform. In: Proc. ER-POIS 2010, pp. 13–18 (2010
Traumatic brain injury in Innsbruck - correlation between imaging and biomarker : safety and feasibility of early advanced MRI in severe traumatic brain injury
No full textEinleitung: Das schwere Schädel-Hirn-Trauma ist ein Krankheitsbild mit hoher Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Magnetresonanztomographie spielt deshalb eine relevante Rolle zur frühen Beurteilung und Evaluation dieser Patienten, jedoch muss für jede Untersuchung ein intrahospitaler Transport durchgeführt werden inklusive einer langen Untersuchungsdauer. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die sichere Durchführung einer frühen MRT – Bildgebung inklusive Phosphorspektroskopie mit Hilfe einer standardisierten Testbatterie zu evaluieren sowie frühe pathophysiologische Veränderungen bildgebend darzustellen.
Material und Methoden: Patienten mit schweren Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (GCS £ 8) wurden prospektiv in diese Studie eingeschlossen und ein MRT inklusive Phosphor – MR – Spektroskopie innerhalb der ersten 72 Stunden sowie zwischen dem 10. und 14. Tag durchgeführt. Alle Patienten wurden mit Hilfe einer standardisierten Testbatterie vor jeder MRT – Untersuchung evaluiert.
Für die bildgebende Analyse wurden Bereiche, welche strukturell auffällig waren, mit Bereichen ohne Läsion verglichen, sowie auch mit Daten einer gesunden Kontrollkohorte. Resultate: 26 Patienten (5 weiblich, 21 männlich), mit einem Alter von 20 bis 75 Jahren und einem mittleren GCS von 6 wurden analysiert. Es wurde die Test – Batterie vierzigmal durchgeführt. Mit einem positiven prädiktiven Wert von 96 %. Intrakranieller Druck sowie mittlerer arterieller Druck blieben vor, während und nach der Untersuchung stabil. Im zerebralen Stoffwechsel und Energiehaushalt zeigten sich zwischen strukturellen veränderten Gehirnarealen und Bereichen, die normal erschienen kein Unterschied, jedoch an beiden Untersuchungszeitpunkten im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden. Die ATP – Resythese und der Membran Turnover waren nach schweren SHT erhöht, wohingegen die ATP – Hydrolyse und der Energy Demand erniedrigt warenn.
Conclusio: Ein frühes MRT scheint nach entsprechender Vorbereitung sicher und möglich zu sein. Die Phosphor–MR–Spektroskopie zeigt zudem globale pathophysiologische Veränderungen, welche bis zu zwei Wochen bestehen.Objective: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) represents a serious public health issue with high morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiological changes start within minutes after trauma, continuing up to weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of early advanced MRI, including Phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS), an imaging technique for evaluation of energy metabolites, and to identify a method for appropriate patient selection to minimize adverse events related to the intrahospital transport (IHT) and the MRI examination.
Methods: Twenty-six patients with sTBI [mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 6, range 3-8] admitted to our neurosurgical ICU from 03/2015 to 12/2017 and receiving at least one MRI within the first 14 days after initial traumatic event were prospectively included in the study. The following requirements were fulfilled for at least 4 h prior to anticipated MRI: MAP > 70 mmHg, aPCO2
30-40 mmHg, stable ICP < 25 mmHg. All relevant cardiopulmonary and cerebral parameters and medication were recorded. The following MRI sequences were performed: DWI, FLAIR, 3D T2-space, 3D T1 MPRAGE, 3D SWI, 3D TOF, pASL, and 31P-MRS.
P-MRS data from the structurally affected side were compared to data from normal appearing contralateral areas symmetrically to the location of the traumatic lesions, and to data of matched healthy controls.
Results: Twenty-six sTBI patients (6 female, 21 male), aged between 20 and 75 years, with a mean initial GCS of 6 were analyzed. First MRI was performed 61h (mean, range 37- 71h) after trauma, second MRI 12 days after trauma. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the lesioned side and contralaterally at both time points. When compared to the healthy population, all parameters of cerebral energy metabolism showed in part statistically significant changes. Resynthesis and membrane turnover were elevated, whereas hydrolysis and energy demand were decreased in sTBI patients.
In total, 40 IHTs were performed within the first 14 days (mean 6 days, range 1-14 days). There were no significant differences in ICP measurements before and after MRI (p = 0.30). MAP remained stable with no significant changes during the entire IHT and MRI. No other adverse events were observed as well.
Conclusion: Early advanced MRI / MRS in acute sTBI is feasible and safe. Yet, careful patient selection with prior adequate testing of cardiopulmonary and cerebral parameters is crucial to minimize transport- or examination-related morbidity. Cerebral energy metabolism in patients under general anesthesia after sTBI is altered globally with pertinent changes in structural abnormal tissue as well as in normal appearing brain tissue.submitted by Dr. med. univ. Daniel PinggeraZusammenfassung in deutscher SpracheDie Arbeit besteht aus einem ArtikelDissertation Medical University Innsbruck 202
Traumatic brain injury in Innsbruck - correlation between imaging and biomarker : safety and feasibility of early advanced MRI in severe traumatic brain injury
No full textEinleitung: Das schwere Schädel-Hirn-Trauma ist ein Krankheitsbild mit hoher Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Magnetresonanztomographie spielt deshalb eine relevante Rolle zur frühen Beurteilung und Evaluation dieser Patienten, jedoch muss für jede Untersuchung ein intrahospitaler Transport durchgeführt werden inklusive einer langen Untersuchungsdauer. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die sichere Durchführung einer frühen MRT – Bildgebung inklusive Phosphorspektroskopie mit Hilfe einer standardisierten Testbatterie zu evaluieren sowie frühe pathophysiologische Veränderungen bildgebend darzustellen.
Material und Methoden: Patienten mit schweren Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (GCS £ 8) wurden prospektiv in diese Studie eingeschlossen und ein MRT inklusive Phosphor – MR – Spektroskopie innerhalb der ersten 72 Stunden sowie zwischen dem 10. und 14. Tag durchgeführt. Alle Patienten wurden mit Hilfe einer standardisierten Testbatterie vor jeder MRT – Untersuchung evaluiert.
Für die bildgebende Analyse wurden Bereiche, welche strukturell auffällig waren, mit Bereichen ohne Läsion verglichen, sowie auch mit Daten einer gesunden Kontrollkohorte. Resultate: 26 Patienten (5 weiblich, 21 männlich), mit einem Alter von 20 bis 75 Jahren und einem mittleren GCS von 6 wurden analysiert. Es wurde die Test – Batterie vierzigmal durchgeführt. Mit einem positiven prädiktiven Wert von 96 %. Intrakranieller Druck sowie mittlerer arterieller Druck blieben vor, während und nach der Untersuchung stabil. Im zerebralen Stoffwechsel und Energiehaushalt zeigten sich zwischen strukturellen veränderten Gehirnarealen und Bereichen, die normal erschienen kein Unterschied, jedoch an beiden Untersuchungszeitpunkten im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden. Die ATP – Resythese und der Membran Turnover waren nach schweren SHT erhöht, wohingegen die ATP – Hydrolyse und der Energy Demand erniedrigt warenn.
Conclusio: Ein frühes MRT scheint nach entsprechender Vorbereitung sicher und möglich zu sein. Die Phosphor–MR–Spektroskopie zeigt zudem globale pathophysiologische Veränderungen, welche bis zu zwei Wochen bestehen.Objective: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) represents a serious public health issue with high morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiological changes start within minutes after trauma, continuing up to weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of early advanced MRI, including Phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS), an imaging technique for evaluation of energy metabolites, and to identify a method for appropriate patient selection to minimize adverse events related to the intrahospital transport (IHT) and the MRI examination.
Methods: Twenty-six patients with sTBI [mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 6, range 3-8] admitted to our neurosurgical ICU from 03/2015 to 12/2017 and receiving at least one MRI within the first 14 days after initial traumatic event were prospectively included in the study. The following requirements were fulfilled for at least 4 h prior to anticipated MRI: MAP > 70 mmHg, aPCO2
30-40 mmHg, stable ICP < 25 mmHg. All relevant cardiopulmonary and cerebral parameters and medication were recorded. The following MRI sequences were performed: DWI, FLAIR, 3D T2-space, 3D T1 MPRAGE, 3D SWI, 3D TOF, pASL, and 31P-MRS.
P-MRS data from the structurally affected side were compared to data from normal appearing contralateral areas symmetrically to the location of the traumatic lesions, and to data of matched healthy controls.
Results: Twenty-six sTBI patients (6 female, 21 male), aged between 20 and 75 years, with a mean initial GCS of 6 were analyzed. First MRI was performed 61h (mean, range 37- 71h) after trauma, second MRI 12 days after trauma. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the lesioned side and contralaterally at both time points. When compared to the healthy population, all parameters of cerebral energy metabolism showed in part statistically significant changes. Resynthesis and membrane turnover were elevated, whereas hydrolysis and energy demand were decreased in sTBI patients.
In total, 40 IHTs were performed within the first 14 days (mean 6 days, range 1-14 days). There were no significant differences in ICP measurements before and after MRI (p = 0.30). MAP remained stable with no significant changes during the entire IHT and MRI. No other adverse events were observed as well.
Conclusion: Early advanced MRI / MRS in acute sTBI is feasible and safe. Yet, careful patient selection with prior adequate testing of cardiopulmonary and cerebral parameters is crucial to minimize transport- or examination-related morbidity. Cerebral energy metabolism in patients under general anesthesia after sTBI is altered globally with pertinent changes in structural abnormal tissue as well as in normal appearing brain tissue.submitted by Dr. med. univ. Daniel PinggeraZusammenfassung in deutscher SpracheDie Arbeit besteht aus einem ArtikelDissertation Medical University Innsbruck 202
The Man in the Mirror: Self-awareness and Self-Criticism in the Satires of Persius
No full textPersius is often ignored in favor of Horace and Juvenal, largely because he is misunderstood. Most critics consider him little more than an angry young man, but Persius\u27 anger is only the means to an end. His Satires are in large part an exercise in self-reflection and self-criticism and an exhortation for the people of Rome to do the same. By looking at the work backwards and analyzing his fourth, third, and first satires, the reader can see the author\u27s ideas revealed in full, and better understand Persius\u27 overall intent when reading the poems in their proper order
Imperative versus declarative process modeling languages : an empirical investigation
No full textStreams of research are emerging that emphasize the advantages of using declarative process modeling languages over more traditional, imperative approaches. In particular, the declarative modeling approach is known for its ability to cope with the limited flexibility of the imperative approach. However, there is still not much empirical insight into the actual strengths and the applicability of each modeling paradigm. In this paper, we investigate in an experimental setting if either the imperative or the declarative process modeling approach is superior with respect to process model understanding. Even when task types are considered that should better match one or the other, our study finds that imperative process modeling languages appear to be connected with better understanding
Brain Tissue Damage Induced by Multimodal Neuromonitoring In Situ during MRI after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Incidence and Clinical Relevance
No full textBoth neuromonitoring and early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide crucial information for treatment management and prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). So far, neuromonitoring in situ impedes the routine implementation of MRI due to safety concerns. We aimed to evaluate the brain tissue damage induced by inserted neuromonitoring devices and its clinical relevance. Nineteen patients with sTBI and being exposed to at least one MRI with neuromonitoring in situ and one follow-up MRI after neuromonitoring removal were analyzed. All MRIs were reviewed for specific tissue damage. Three females and sixteen males (aged 20–74 years, mean 42.8 years) with an initial median GCS of 5 (range 3–8) were analyzed. No lesion was observed in six patients (31.6%), whereas another six patients (31.6%) demonstrated a detectable probe trajectory. Probe-related tissue damage was visible in seven patients (36.8%) with the size of the lesion prone to further enlarge with increasing cumulative duration of MRI examinations. Upon interdisciplinary evaluation, the lesions were not considered clinically relevant. Neuromonitoring probes in situ during MRI examinations may cause local brain tissue damage, yet without any clinical implications if placed correctly. Therefore, indications must be strictly based on joint decision from all involved disciplines
Adjustable and Rigid Fixation of Brain Tissue Oxygenation Probe (Licox) in Neurosurgery: From Bench to Bedside
No full textPostoperative Thromboembolic Prophylaxis with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Risk of Rebleeding in Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematomas: A Comparative Retrospective Cohort Study
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