323,192 research outputs found
Examınation Of The Book Sımın Daneshvar's "Whom Can I Say Hello ?"
No full textBu çalışma Modern İran Edebiyatı kadın öykücülerinden Sîmîn Dânişver'in Kime Selam Vereyim? Adlı hikâye kitabındaki hikâyelerin incelenmesini içermektedir. Çalışma giriş kısmından sonra iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında hikâye hakkında kısa bilgi verilmiş, Çağdaş İran Öyküsünün gelişiminden özetle bahsedilmiş ve bu alanda öne çıkan isimlerden söz edilmiştir. Birinci bölümde Edebiyatta kadın konusu ele alınmış, İran Edebiyatında Kadın başlığında da konu özelleştirilmiştir. Bu bölümde ayrıca Simin Dânişver'in hayatı, eserleri ve üslubu hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde hikâye tahlili hususunda kısa bilgi verilmiş ve kitapta yer alan hikâyelerin ayrı ayrı tahlilleri yapılmıştır. Değerlendirme ve sonuç kısımlarıyla çalışma tamamlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı coğrafi, tarihsel ve kültürel bağlarımızın bulunduğu İranlı bir kadın yazarın ülkesine ve halkına atfedilen öykülerinden yola çıkarak dünya ve insanlığa dair gözlem ve mesajlarını akademik camiaya tanıtmaktır.This work is presented by Simin Daneshvar, one of the female storytellers of Modern Iranian Literature. Includes the analysis of the stories in the story book. The study consists of two main sections after the introduction. In the introduction, brief information about the story is given, the development of the Contemporary Iranian Story is summarized and prominent names in this field are mentioned. In the first chapter, the issue of women in literature was discussed and the issue in the title of Women in Iranian Literature was privatized. This section also provides information about Simin Daneshvar's life, works and style. In the second chapter, brief information about the story analysis is given and the stories in the book are analyzed separately. The study is completed with the evaluation and conclusion parts. The aim of this study is to introduce the Iranian community to the academic community based on the stories attributed to the country and the people of an Iranian female writer with geographical, historical and cultural ties
Thermal behavior of extruded and injection-molded poly(lactic acid)-talc engineered biocomposites: Effects of material design, thermal history, and shear stresses during melt processing
No full textReinforced biocomposites were compounded by the reactive extrusion of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and chemically modified microlamellar talcs. Talc was functionalized by the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of its surface hydroxyl groups with different kinds of organosilanes, namely, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, and commercially available tri-isocyanates, namely, Bayhydur 3100 and Desmodur 3900, which feature hydrophilic and hydrophobic behaviors, respectively. PLA-talc biocomposites were also compounded by the addition of two types of reactive biodegradable compatibilizing agents, namely, maleic anhydride and glycidyl methacrylate modified PLA. The resulting compounds were melt-processed by injection molding to get flat substrates with different formulations. The thermal responses of the extruded compounds and injection-molded items, specifically the first and second thermal transitions, were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. In particular, the influence of the different material formulations, their thermal history, and/or shear stress in single- or multiple-stage heating and/or melt processing on the glass transition, crystallinity, and melting behavior of the biocomposites was investigated. The experimental findings revealed that the macroscopic thermal response of the compounds (i.e., extruded pellets) and substrates (i.e., injection-molded flat slabs) manufactured by the melt processing of the available formulations, was controlled and significantly improved by the fine-tuning of the chemical (i.e., reaction mechanisms, chemical bonds) and physical interactions (i.e., steric hindrances, physical bonds) among the modified talc, PLA, and compatibilizing agents. These results are of great practical importance and open up broader scenarios for the industrial application of biopolymers and biocomposites, specifically in all of those consumer goods where thermal stability and the preservation of mechanical performance at moderate and high temperatures of the materials are pivotal
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Biosorption of three acid dyes by the brown macroalga Stoechospermum marginatum: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
No full textThe brown macroalga Stoechospermum marginatum was tested for its ability to remove the acid dyes Acid Blue 25 (AB25), Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and Acid Black 1 (AB1) from aqueous solution. Biosorption was investigated under different conditions of pH, biomass and initial dye concentrations, temperature, contact time and biosorbent particle size. The results at equilibrium were successfully described by the Freundlich model, and the estimated sorption capacities were 22.2, 6.73 and 6.57 mg/g for AB25, AO7 and AB1, respectively. Among the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models, which were applied to kinetically describe the biosorption, the second one showed the best fit of the experimental data (R2 = 0.99). The thermodynamic parameters of the process (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) were estimated from tests carried out at different temperatures (283, 298 and 313 K). For all dyes, the standard changes of the Gibbs free energy were negative (-5.22 < ΔG° < -3.68 kJ/mol for AB25; -2.49 < ΔG° < -1.72 kJ/mol for AO7; -1.94 < ΔG° < -0.94 kJ/mol for AB1) and those of the enthalpy positive (ΔG° = 10.8, 5.52 and 8.46 kJ/mol for AB25, AO7 and AB1, respectively), hence pointing out that biosorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. A decrease in particle size of S. marginatum biomass increased AB25 and AB1 removal efficiencies per unit weight of sorbent. FT-IR analysis demonstrated the involvement of different functional groups, mainly hydroxyl and amine groups. This study highlights the potential of the selected macroalga as an effective biosorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewaters
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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