1,721,070 research outputs found
'Real-world' antithrombotic treatment in atrial fibrillation:The EURObservational Research Programme Atrial Fibrillation General Pilot survey
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Current guidelines strongly recommend that oral anticoagulation can be offered to patients with atrial fibrillation and ≥1 stroke risk factors. Also, the guidelines recommend that oral anticoagulation should still be used in the presence of stroke risk factors irrespective of rate or rhythm control METHODS AND RESULTS: In an analysis from the dataset of the Euro Observational Research Programme on Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) Pilot survey (n=3119), we examined antithrombotic therapy prescribing, with particular focus on the risk factors determining oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy use. Where oral anticoagulation was used amongst admitted patients in whom no pharmacological cardioversion, electrical cardioversion or catheter ablation was performed or planned, the majority were prescribed Vitamin K Antagonist therapy (72.2%) whilst novel oral anticoagulants were used on the minority (7.7%). There were no significant difference in bleeding risk factors between the patients treated on the different types of antithrombotic therapies, except for chronic kidney disease, where oral anticoagulation was less commonly used (p=0.0318). Antiplatelet therapy was more commonly used in patients with high HAS-BLED score (≥2) (p<0.0001). Higher oral anticoagulation use was associated with female gender(p=0.0245). Less novel oral anticoagulants use was associated with valvular heart disease (p<0.0001), chronic heart failure(p=0.0010), coronary artery disease(p<0.0001) and peripheral artery disease (p=0.0092). Coronary artery disease was the strongest reason for combination therapy with oral anticoagulation plus antiplatelet drug (OR 8.54, p<0.0001). When the CHA2DS2-VASc score was used, 95.6% with a score of ≥1 received antithrombotic therapy, with 80.5% with a score of ≥1 receiving oral anticoagulation. Of note, 83.7% of those with a score ≥2 received Antithrombotic Therapy; of the latter, 70.9% of those with a score ≥2 received oral anticoagulation. Of the latter, Vitamin K Antagonists were used in 64.1% and novel oral anticoagulants in 6.9%.CONCLUSION: The EORP-AF Pilot survey provides contemporary data on oral anticoagulation prescribing by European cardiologists for atrial fibrillation. Whilst the uptake of oral anticoagulation (mostly Vitamin K Antagonist therapy) has improved since the EuroHeart survey a decade ago, antiplatelet therapy is still commonly prescribed, with or without oral anticoagulation, whilst elderly patients are commonly undertreated with oral anticoagulation.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Self-reported physical activity and major adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation:a report from the EURObservational Research Programme Pilot Survey on Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) General Registry
Full text linkAIMS: Physical activity is protective against cardiovascular (CV) events, both in general population and in high-risk CV cohorts. However, the relationship between physical activity with major adverse outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) is not well-established. Our aim was to analyse this relationship in a 'real-world' AF population. Second, we investigated the influence of physical activity on arrhythmia progression.METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied all patients enrolled in the EURObservational Research Programme on AF (EORP-AF) Pilot Survey. Physical activity was defined as 'none', 'occasional', 'regular', and 'intense', based on patient self-reporting. Data on physical activity were available for 2442 patients: 38.9% reported none, 34.7% occasional, 21.7% regular, and 4.7% intense physical activity. Prevalence of the principal CV risk factors progressively decreased from none to intense physical activity. Lower rates of CV death, all-cause death, and composite outcomes were found in AF patients who reported regular and intense physical activity (P < 0.0001). Increasing physical activity was inversely associated with CV death/any thromboembolic event (TE)/bleeding in the whole cohort, irrespective of gender, paroxysmal AF, elderly age, or high stroke risk. Any level of physical activity intensity was significantly associated with lower risk of CV death/any TE/bleeding at 1-year follow-up. Physical activity was not significantly associated with arrhythmia progression.CONCLUSION: Atrial fibrillation patients taking regular exercise were associated with a lower risk of all-cause death, even when we considered various subgroups, including gender, elderly age, symptomatic status, and stroke risk class. Efforts to increase physical activity among AF patients may improve outcomes in these patients.</p
Sex-related differences in presentation, treatment, and outcome of patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe:a report from the Euro Observational Research Programme Pilot survey on Atrial Fibrillation
Full text linkAIMS: Sex differences in the epidemiology and clinical management of AF are evident. Of note, females are more symptomatic and if age >65, are at higher risk of thromboembolism if incident AF develops, compared with males.METHODS AND RESULTS: In an analysis from the dataset of the Euro Observational Research Programme on Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) Pilot survey (n = 3119), we examined sex-related differences in presentation, treatment, and outcome of contemporary patients with AF in Europe.Female subjects were older (P < 0.0001), with a greater proportion aged ≥75 years, with more heart failure and hypertension. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction was more common in females (P < 0.0001), as was valvular heart disease (P = 0.0003). Females were more symptomatic compared with males with a higher proportion being EHRA Class III and IV (P = 0.0012). The more common symptoms that were more prevalent in females were palpitations (P < 0.0001) and fear/anxiety (P = 0.0007). Other symptoms (e.g. dyspnoea, chest pain, fatigue, etc.) were not different between males and females. Health status scores were significantly lower for females overall, specifically for the psychological and physical domains (both P < 0.0001) but not for the sexual activity domain (P = 0.9023). Females were less likely to have electrical cardioversion (18.9 vs. 25.5%, P < 0.0001), and more likely to receive rate control (P = 0.002). Among patients recruited in hospital and discharged alive (n = 2009), documented contraindications to vitamin K antagonist (VKA) were evident in 23.8% of females. A CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 was found in 94.7% of females and 74.6% of males (P < 0.0001), with oral anticoagulants being used in 95.3 and 76.2%, respectively (P < 0.0001). A HAS-BLED score of ≥3 was found in 12.2% of females and 14.5% of males. Independent predictors of VKA use in females on multivariate analysis were CHA2DS2-VASc score (P = 0.0007), lower HAS-BLED score (P = 0.0284), and prosthetic mechanical valves (P = 0.0276).CONCLUSION: The EORP-AF Pilot survey provides contemporary data on sex differences in clinical features and management of AF patients participating in the EORP-AF Pilot registry. Female subjects were older and more symptomatic, compared with males, and were more likely to receive rate control. Also, female patients were at higher stroke risk overall, but oral anticoagulation was used in a high proportion of patients.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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