1,720,953 research outputs found
An Outcomes Evaluation for the European Commission (EC) Nyanga Sanitation for Success: A Case Of (Urban and Peri Urban) Comprehensive Sanitation by CAFOD and CARITAS Mutare, Zimbabwe
No full textThis outcome evaluation focused on the Sanitation for Success, Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) project implemented in the Nyanga town by Caritas Zimbabwe, Mutare, coordinated by CAFOD and sponsored by European Commission (EC). The project’s goal was to bring significant and sustainable improvements in health, living condition conditions and economic opportunities, particularly for the poorest people in Nyanga, Zimbabwe.
The project had two broad objectives which included contributing to progress towards Millennium Development Goal 7 of halving the proportion of people without sustainable access to basic sanitation and to sustainably improve living conditions, health, human dignity, economic productivity and the environment in poor urban and peri urban areas of Nyanga, Zimbabwe. The changes expected were; an increase in sanitation coverage by 50%, improved hygiene practices and behaviors and a sustainable sanitation service provision structure managed and maintained by local authorities and community level structures with private sector involvement.
A desk review of the pertinent literature that is in line with the outcome evaluation was carried out. A research on the other evaluation that were done in related projects was also reviewed and lastly the methodology that these evaluations used was also reviewed. The similar evaluations reviewed include Community Water supply and Sanitation by Water Aid in Nepal, WASH program in Ethiopia sponsored by USAID and health, WASH project in DRC and water facility project by European Union.
The evaluation design was outlined where systematic and cluster sampling was used to select 150 households and 5 focus group discussions respectively. The methods that were used for data collection are documents review, In Depth Key Informant
Interviews, Focused Group Discussions and a Household Questionnaire Survey. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis while Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)version 17 was used for analyzing quantitative data.
The evaluation findings indicated that generally the project was successful in terms of improvement in attitudes, knowledge and practices of the participants with regards to sanitation issues. The community showed adoption of good sanitation practices based on increase of 68.3%
from 48.8% on usage of latrine or temporary toilet and 55% of the households had presence of hand washing agents. There was increase in the usage of sanitation facilities by older people and by children under five, improved diaper usage and disposal, increase in hand washing moments and lastly improved service provision by local authorities.
Following recommendations were obtained from the evaluation;
1. For future projects the objectives and vision issues for the health clubs should be uniform and SMART as this determines the course of these health clubs and aids them in preparation for future changes and this will also assist in evaluating and controlling performance. 2. There’s need for future project to promote utilization of local resources (human and material) as far as possible to promote local economic development. In addition, the project needs to identify strategies that generate income whilst promoting sustainable water and sanitation practices. 3. There is need to focus on provision of water to new locations like Mangondoza as this is critical for improved sanitation services. 4. In future sanitation projects there is need to reduce the amount of refuse generated at the household level through waste separation and recycling. Households should be supported in such strategies. 5. There is need to raise public awareness on legislation governing water and sanitation services. Besides raising public awareness, in future Caritas projects’ need to have strategies that instil a sense of belonging and responsibility among the targeted communities. 6. There is need for training in Community Based Monitoring and Evaluation for groups so that monthly group meetings are effectively used for critical groups so that monthly group meetings are effectively used for critical review and reflection. 7. Future WASH projects need to involve more men and youth in community groups particular health clubs. Such involvement would enhance social cohesion and promote social justice between men, women, boys and girls
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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