1,720,972 research outputs found
Application of the Demographic Potential Concept to Understanding the Russian Population History and Prospects
Get PDFThe article deals with Russian population estimates since 1897 and prospects to the end of the XXI century. Concept of demographic potential is used to examine past trends and project future tendencies. Dramatic disturbances of the past century hampered population growth and brought the possibility of halving the Russian population, the possibility, which could turn into inevitably if demographic problems are not solved before the mid-XXI. At the same time the Russian population still has a momentum of quick growth under the condition of fast recovery of vital rates.demographic losses of Russia, method of demographic potentials, population projections, Russia, Russian population perspectives, Russian population trends
On Monotonic Convergence To Stability
Get PDFThe paper introduces a class of distances to stable equivalent, which monotonically decrease to zero as a population moves to stability. Kullback distance expected earlier to be a unique measure of such types turns to be a specimen of this class. It is shown that the very feature of monotonic distance is in weighing with demographic potentials of age specific deviations from stable equivalent. The paper also introduces a class of monotonic measures for convergence of different populations with common reproductive futures. Results obtained shed new light on the process of stabilization and can be used to develop different measures of age structure dynamics.age structure dynamics, demographic potentials, distance to stability, monotonic convergence of populations, stable population theory
Ancient Greek motifs on the walls of the Kyafar mausoleum and in the Karachay-Balkar Nart epic
No full textSignificance of life table estimates for small populations: Simulation-based study of estimation errors
Get PDFWe study bias, standard errors, and distributions of characteristics of life tables for small populations. Theoretical considerations and simulations show that statistical efficiency of different methods is, above all, affected by the population size. Yet it is also significantly affected by the life table construction method and by a population’s age composition. Study results are presented in the form of ready-to-use tables and relations, which may be useful in assessing the significance of estimates and differences in life expectancy across time and space for the territories with a small population size, when standard errors of life expectancy estimates may be high.errors, life table, small populations
Reconstruction of historical series of life tables and of age-sex structures for the Austrian population in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century
No full textThe paper presents the method and results of reconstructing the Austrian life tables and population age-sex composition for single years in 1870-1940. It also proposes estimates of life tables for the years 1819-1869. The time period covered by the paper is marked by improvements in life expectancy, unstable births dynamics, distortions due to war, territorial changes and migration. For the years since 1870 a multistage reconstructing technique is used which enables to make use of both reference life tables and census populations and also of vital statistics available for the years between censuses. First, life tables are interpolated and used to obtain population projections without migration. Then, net migration between censuses is roughly approximated and—together with deaths statistics— used to improve estimates for life tables. Finally, the estimates for net migration and population age-sex composition between censuses are also improved. Estimates for life tables in 1819-1869 are based on regression models developed from the estimates for the period 1870-1910
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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