89 research outputs found
Memo from Jiro Fujioka, Co-operating with Block Chairmen, Heart Mountain, to Mr. Motoyoshi, June 21, 1943
No full textMemorandum from Jiro Fujioka to Speaker, Mr. Motoyoshi, regarding his speech on fine art at Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes handwritten comments in Japanese.The Japanese American Archival Collection documents the people, places, and daily life of Japanese Americans, primarily those who lived in the once thriving community of pre-war Florin in the Sacramento region, as well as the conditions in American incarceration camps during World War II. The approximately 7,000 original items include personal and official letters, photographs, diaries, arts and crafts, newsletters, textiles, camps artifacts, yearbooks and other publications
Memo from Jiro Fujioka, Co-operating with Block Chairmen, Heart Mountain, to Mr. Motoyoshi, June 21, 1943
No full textMemorandum from Jiro Fujioka to Speaker, Mr. Motoyoshi, regarding his speech on fine art at Heart Mountain incarceration camp.The Japanese American Archival Collection documents the people, places, and daily life of Japanese Americans, primarily those who lived in the once thriving community of pre-war Florin in the Sacramento region, as well as the conditions in American incarceration camps during World War II. The approximately 7,000 original items include personal and official letters, photographs, diaries, arts and crafts, newsletters, textiles, camps artifacts, yearbooks and other publications
Coupled climate-society modeling of a realistic scenario to achieve a sustainable Earth
No full textA conceptual model was developed to project the global warming for this century. This model incorporated several important factors associated with the climate and society. Under the forcing of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, the climate system is represented by a global mean surface air temperature (SAT) and carbon storage, which is separated into the atmosphere, land and oceans. The SAT rises due to the atmospheric carbon, which is partially absorbed by the terrestrial ecosystem and the ocean. These absorption rates are reduced by the rising SAT. The anthropogenic carbon dioxide is emitted by society, which is described by global energy production (P) and energy efficiency/carbon intensity (E), yielding a rate of P/E. P consists of the energy production per capita (H) and the population (M) in developed countries and regions, P = H 9 M. These society components were set to grow, based on the historical record from the last 50 years, while societal incentives to reduce the growth rate H and to increase E in proportion to the increase in SAT were introduced. It is shown that, among the basic scenarios in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) for this century, medium-level carbon emission—where the growth rate of H is reduced by 30% and E is doubled, with 1 C of warming—could be achieved. Until the end of this century, both the terrestrial ecosystem and the oceans act as sinks. If societal incentives are eliminated, carbon emission approaches the upper limit considered in the SRES scenarios, and the terrestrial ecosystem changes into a source of carbon dioxide. Since H and E are closely related to lifestyle and technology, respectively, individuals in the developed countries are urged to change their lifestyles, and institutions need to develop low-carbon technologies and spread them to developing countries. When society achieves medium-level carbon emission for a couple of centuries, oceanic absorption was found to become more crucial than terrestrial absorption, so oceanic behavior has to be estimated more accurately
Thinking without Language
No full textIt is not possible to know directly what animals think because they cannot speak to us about it. We must therefore infer their thought from their behavior. From a behavioral point of view, thinking is a problem solving behavior itself. What is the nature of animal thought without language? As an answer to this question, the behavior of identifying a stimulus has been investigated in matching-to-sample experiments. Pigeons can make a same-different judgement for a single stimulus in the transfer test of a matching-to-sample performance, but they cannot make the same-different judgement for the relation between stimuli in a pair. According to Premack (1983), a language trained chimpanzee (Sarah) was capable of doing this kind of same-different judgement while chimpanzees without language training were not. The author does not approve of his view that the success of relational judgement is due to language. Because animals may perceive a pair of stimuli as a symmetric or asymmetric pattern instead of as a same-different relation. Furthermore, he reported that Sarah was capable of solving analogy of stimulus relations (A/A'=B/?) while chimpanzees without language training were not. But these problems may be solved by functional generalization; that is, lower animals, such as rats and pigeons, may be able to solve such problems as well. Therefore, as far as the same-different judgement is concerned, qualitative difference can be found extremely little between primates and non primates in the previous data
Cancellation of Superficial Blood Flow in Brain Function Measurements Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
No full textAn analytic solution of steady Stokes flow on a rotating polar cap
No full textAn analytic solution of two-dimensional, steady, linear, viscous flow on a polar cap-polar region of a sphere that lies above (or below) a given plane normal to the rotation axis-rotating about its center is obtained. Inflow and outflow on the boundary of the polar cap drive the fluid motion. The solution of the stream function is expressed as the Fourier series in longitudes and the associated Legendre functions of complex degrees in cosines of colatitudes. The fluid particles move almost along lines of constant latitude, some circulate cyclonically and the others anticyclonically, in the geostrophic balance everywhere except near the north pole where the flow is relatively slow and the viscous force dominates over the Coriolis force. Our results support the approximation analysis and laboratory experiment studied by Imawaki and Takano (Deep-Sea Res. 21, 69-77, 1974)
Differences in verbal instructions on the experience and practice of Dohsa-Hou
No full textThe purpose of this study was to discuss the influence of the deference on the task instructions to the feeling of Dohsa-experience and Dohsa-performance in application of Dohsa-hou. One instruction is “Please raise your arm and down your arm. (Movement instruction)” and another instruction is “Please raise your arm and down your arm with relaxation of your body. (Relaxation instruction)”. During the movement, the experimenter saw how long it takes for that. After that, subjects checked the scale of feeling of Dohsa-experience. As a result, in the movement instruction condition, subjects feel “change of their body”, “refresh”, “active”, “attention to the body”, “self attitude of active trial and error”, “self attitude of concentration” more than another. In the movement instruction, subjects feel “vague” and “confusion” more than another. In addition, it takes more long time for relaxation condition than another. This result means that clear instruction of relaxation made subjects experience actual feelings. In addition, because subjects were not used to relaxation activity, they experience new feelings. So, therapists should consider the features of instruction in the therapy of application of Dohsa-hou
Illusory gloss on Lambertian surfaces
No full textIt has recently been shown that an increase of the relief height of a glossy surface positively correlates with the perceived level of gloss (Y.-H. Ho, M. S. Landy, & L. T. Maloney, 2008). In the study presented here we investigated whether this relation could be explained by the finding that glossiness perception correlates with the skewness of the luminance histogram (I. Motoyoshi, S. Nishida, L. Sharan, & E. H. Adelson, 2007). First, we formally derived a general relation between the depth range of a Lambertian surface, the illumination direction and the associated image intensity transformation. From this intensity transformation we could numerically simulate the relation between relief stretch and the skewness statistic. This relation predicts that skewness increases with increasing surface depth. Furthermore, it predicts that the correlation between skewness and illumination can be either positive or negative, depending on the depth range. We experimentally tested whether changes in the depth range and illumination direction alter the appearance. We indeed find a convincingly strong illusory gloss effect on stretched Lambertian surfaces. However, the results could not be fully explained by the skewness hypothesis. We reinterpreted our results in the context of the bas-relief ambiguity (P. N. Belhumeur, D. J. Kriegman, & L. Yuille, 1999) and show that this model qualitatively predicts illusory highlights on locations that differ from actual specular highlight locations with increasing illumination direction. OA-fund NWOIndustrial Design Engineerin
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