1,720,998 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Diet-reproduction interplay in the male moth Agrotis ipsilon : from ecology to endocrine actors
No full textChez les animaux, l'alimentation est connue pour réguler les fonctions physiologiques et notamment la reproduction. Les interactions entre alimentation et reproduction impliquent des aspects écologiques, morpho-anatomiques, comportementaux et endocriniens, nécessaires à la compréhension des stratégies adaptatives des animaux dans leur milieu naturel. Le mâle du papillon de nuit Agrotis ipsilon est un modèle d'étude pour comprendre l'interaction alimentation-reproduction au regard des connaissances acquises sur sa maturation sexuelle à différents niveaux biologiques.Bien que son alimentation n'ait pas été caractérisée à l'état naturel, grâce à de nouvelles approches expérimentales (e.g. cages d'alimentation automatisées), nos expériences ont prédit qu'A. ipsilon est une espèce généraliste avec une préférence pour les nectars riches en saccharose, fructose et glucose, et que le mâle pratique le puddling pour un apport en sodium. De plus, nous avons observé que les comportements alimentaires de cette espèce, sexuellement dimorphiques, sont contrôlés par l'environnement photique via des horloges circadiennes. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré qu'un régime riche en sucres et sodium accélère la maturation de l'appareil reproducteur du mâle (i.e. développement des testicules et des glandes sexuelles accessoires, migration des spermatozoïdes, biosynthèse des protéines séminales), améliorant ainsi son succès reproducteur. En parallèle, par des approches électrophysiologique et comportementale, nous avons révélé qu'un tel régime alimentaire augmente la détection de la phéromone sexuelle par les antennes, et induit l'ontogenèse précoce du comportement sexuel en favorisant un vol orienté du mâle vers la femelle. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence que les effets d'une alimentation sucrée avec du sodium sur la reproduction sont sous-tendus par des interactions entre des acteurs du système endocrinien. En effet, ce régime potentialise les actions biologiques des insulin-like peptides et de l'hormone juvénile chez le mâle.En conclusion, ces travaux fournissent une vision intégrative de l'interaction alimentation-reproduction chez les Insectes, et offrent des perspectives appliquées dans la gestion des populations ravageuses de cultures.In animals, diet is known to regulate physiological functions, including reproduction. The interactions between diet and reproduction involve ecological, morpho-anatomical, behavioral, and endocrine aspects, necessary for understanding the adaptive strategies of animals in their natural environment. The male of the moth Agrotis ipsilon is a study model for understanding the diet-reproduction interaction in light of the knowledge acquired on its sexual maturation at different biological levels.Although its diet has not been characterized in the wild, thanks to new experimental approaches (e.g. automated feeding cages), our experiments predicted that A. ipsilon is a generalist species with a preference for nectars rich in sucrose, fructose and glucose, and that the male practices puddling for sodium intake. Furthermore, we observed that the feeding behaviors of this species are sexually dimorphic and are controlled by the photic environment via circadian clocks. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that a diet rich in sugars and sodium accelerates the maturation of the male reproductive system (i.e. development of testes and accessory sex glands, sperm migration, biosynthesis of seminal proteins), thus improving its reproductive success. In parallel, by electrophysiological and behavioral approaches, we revealed that such a diet increases the detection of the sex pheromone by the antennae, and induces the ontogenesis of sexual behavior by promoting an early oriented flight from the male to the female. Finally, we have highlighted that the effects of a sugary diet with sodium on reproduction are underpinned by interactions between actors of the endocrine system. Indeed, this diet potentiates the biological actions of insulin-like peptides and juvenile hormone in males.In conclusion, this work provides an integrative vision of the diet-reproduction interaction in insects, and offers applied perspectives in the management of crop pest populations
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Rôle des récepteurs nicotiniques dans différentes formes de mémoire chez l'abeille Apis mellifera
No full textRestrained honeybees can easily associate a sucrose reward to a metal plate. To study the role of nicotinic receptors in this learning, nicotinic antagonists (mecamylamine, MLA or α-bungarotoxin) or a NO-synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) were injected in haemolymph using doses leaving intact perception or motor functions. Mecamylamine impaired memory retrieval and single-trial learning without affecting long-term memory (LTM) formation that specifically occurs during multiple-trial learning. On the other hand, L-NAME, α- bungarotoxin and MLA only blocked LTM formation. This pharmacological dissociation indicates the existence of various functional types of nicotinic receptors. Those sensible to MLA and α-bungarotoxin could be coupled to NO-synthase.L'abeille en contention peut associer une récompense sucrée au scan antennaire d'une plaque métallique. Pour étudier le rôle des récepteurs nicotiniques dans cet apprentissage, des antagonistes nicotiniques (mécamylamine, MLA ou α-bungarotoxine) ou un inhibiteur de la NO-synthase (le L-NAME) ont été injectés dans l'hémolymphe à des doses sans effet sur la perception ou la motricité. La mécamylamine a bloqué le rappel de la trace mnésique et l'apprentissage en un essai sans affecter la formation de la mémoire à long terme (MLT) qui se produit spécifiquement durant l'apprentissage en plusieurs essais. Par contre, le L-NAME, l'α- bungarotoxine et le MLA ne bloquent que la formation de la MLT. Cette dissociation pharmacologique indique l'existence de plusieurs types fonctionnels de récepteurs nicotiniques. Ceux qui sont sensibles au MLA et à l'α-bungarotoxine seraient couplés à la NO-synthase
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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