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    CHARACTERISTICS OF HORIZONTAL SMOOTH PURSUIT EYE MOVEMENTS TO SINUSOIDAL STIMULATION IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE

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    AbstractPrevious research about the maturation of the smooth pursuit system has been carried out in newborns and in human infants in the first months of life. A lower gain was found with respect to adults (where gain is close to 1), with frequent saccadic intrusions. On the contrary, no data are available about smooth pursuit response in children. To fill this gap, we analyse in this study the level of maturation reached by children over 7 yr old (the minimum age in which a correct test can be done). Using a cosinusoidal stimulation, the smooth pursuit characteristics (velocity and position gains and phases) evaluated in children are compared to the corresponding parameters in adults. Our data show a clear difference between the two groups, in particular for velocity gain values (which are lower in children), and a larger variability in children. Since the influence of fatigue and prediction appears to be small, we conclude that these differences can be justified both by high level psychological or cognitive factors and incomplete maturation of smooth pursuit system in children

    The role of imaging in planning treatment for central serous chorioretinopathy

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    Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a controversial disease both in terms of clinical classification and choice of therapeutic strategy. Choroidal layers, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptors, and retina are involved to varying degrees. Beyond well-known symptoms raising the clinical suspect of CSC and slit-lamp fundus examination, multimodal imaging plays a key role in assessing the extent of chorioretinal structural involvement. Subretinal fluid (SRF) originating from the choroid leaks through one or multiple RPE defects and spreads into the subretinal space. Spontaneous fluid reabsorption is quite common, but in some eyes, resolution can be obtained only after treatment. Multiple therapeutic strategies are available, and extensive research identified the most effective procedures. Imaging has carved a significant role in guiding the choice of the most appropriate strategy for each single CSC eye. Multiple biomarkers have been identified, and all of them represent a diagnostic and prognostic reference point. This review aims to provide an updated and comprehensive analysis of the current scientific knowledge about the role of imaging in planning the treatment in eyes affected by CSC
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