1,721,008 research outputs found
A multi-adaptive framework for the crop choice in paludicultural cropping systems
Full text linkThe conventional cultivation of drained peatland causes peat oxidation, soil subsidence,
nutrient loss, increasing greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity reduction. Paludiculture
has been identified as an alternative management strategy consisting in the cultivation of
biomass on wet and rewetted peatlands. This strategy can save these habitats and restore the
ecosystem services provided by the peatlands both on the local and global scale.
This paper illustrates the most important features to optimise the crop choice phase, which is
the crucial point for the success of paludiculture systems.
A multi-adaptive framework was proposed. It was based on four points that should be
checked to identify suitable crops for paludicultural cropping system: biological traits,
biomass production, attitude to cultivation and biomass quality. The main agronomic
implications were explored with the help of some results from a plurennial open-field
experimentation carried out in a paludicultural system set up in the Massaciuccoli Lake Basin
(Tuscany, Italy) and a complete example of the method application was provided. The tested
crops were Arundo donax L., Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deuter, Phragmites australis
L., Populus × canadensis Moench. and Salix alba L. The results showed a different level of
suitability ascribable to the different plant species proving that the proposed framework can
discriminate the behaviour of tested crops. Phragmites australis L.was the most suitable crop
whereas Populus × canadensis Moench and Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deuter (in the
case of biogas conversion) occupied the last positions in the ranking
Molecular characterization and methane performances of archaea in anaerobic batch reactors feed with giant reed, a new promising feedstock
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Growth and nutrient uptake of perennial crops in a paludicultural approach in a drained Mediterranean peatland
No full textSiddham. Studies in Iranian philology in honour of Mauro Maggi
No full textThis volume honours Mauro Maggi, celebrating his contributions to Iranian, Indo-Aryan, and Central Asian philology and linguistics. It includes twenty-nine papers from colleagues, former students, and friends, covering a wide array of languages and text traditions such as Avestan, Khotanese, Sogdian, Tumshuqese, Middle and Early New Persian, Bashkardi, Central dialects of Iran, Sanskrit, Gāndhārī, Tocharian, Chinese, Old Uigur, Tibetan, and Hebrew. The articles address philological and linguistic analyses, narrative motifs, translation techniques, and investigations into religious and literary traditions, offering a valuable resource for researchers and students
Agroindustrial residues and energy crops for the production of hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate via photofermentation
No full textThe present study was aimed at assessing the biotransformation of dark fermented agroindustrial residues and energy crops for the production of hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), in lab-scale photofermentation. The investigation on novel substrates for photofermentation is needed in order to enlarge the range of sustainable feedstocks. Dark fermentation effluents of ensiled maize, ensiled giant reed, ensiled olive pomace, and wheat bran were inoculated with Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA676, a mutant strain suitable for hydrogen production in ammonium-rich media. The highest hydrogen producing performances were observed in wheat bran and maize effluents (648.6 and 320.3 mL L-1, respectively), both characterized by high initial volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations. Giant reed and olive pomace effluents led to poor hydrogen production due to low initial VFAs concentrations, as the original substrates are rich in fiber. The highest PHB content was accumulated in olive pomace effluent (11.53%TS), ascribable to magnesium deficiency
Nutrient Concentrations and Uptakes in Giant Reed (Arundo donax L.) as Affected by Harvest Time and Frequency
No full textThe underlying aim of biomass crops is to combine high yields and low nutrient contents. Delayed harvests of perennial grasses can reduce nutrient concentrations, while higher levels are generally observed at early harvests. However,
depending on the supply chain and the conversion technology, harvesting before senescence could be viable, leading
to multiple harvesting, improved feedstock digestibility, and wet biomass storage. In this study, the influence of harvest
time and frequency of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) was assessed on aboveground nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations, removal, and nutrient use efficiency. In order to evaluate the effects of different cutting regimes, three single harvest (SH) and six double harvest systems (DH) were compared. Nutrient concentrations declined over the season from 10.3 to 2.5 gN kg−1, from 1.8 to 0.8 gP kg−1, and from
30.0 to 8.2 gK kg−1. Overall, DH led to higher nutrient concentrations than SH. Biomass at second cut tended to be richer in nutrients when harvested in autumn compared with winter, and when first cuts were delayed. Nutrient removal was markedly higher in DH for all the elements considered (on average, 196 kgN, 43 kgP, 530 kgK ha−1 in DH, 111 kgN, 29 kgP, 297 kg Kha−1 in SH). In DH systems, nitrogen and potassium use efficiencies were nearly halved compared with single late cuts, while phosphorus use efficiency decreased by about 30 %. The high nutrient removal rates of double-cut management suggest that it may be not sustainable, unless nutrient cycles are closed and nitrogen losses are evaluated
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