1,721,018 research outputs found
La conservazione nei centri storici minori abruzzesi colpiti dal sisma del 2009: esigenze di riuso e questioni di conservazione
No full textThe earthquake in April 2009 struck, over the city of L’Aquila, a wide area, including smaller historical towns of great historic, artistic and environmental interest.
The paper examines the cases of Castelvecchio Calvisio and Santo Stefano di Sessanio, analyzing their architectural and construction characteristics and the current state of degradation of materials and structures, with the aim of verifying the compatibility of requirements for reuse and for ‘reconstruction’ post earthquake with the conservative instances.
At present, in fact, there is a tendency to regard ‘priority’ structural problems, but if these issues are not dealt with a conservative approach and a clear and theoretical-critical awareness, we risk irreversibly damaging a historical and architectural heritage of particular complexity and value, consisting of a intact built heritage, although damaged by the earthquake, miraculously unscathed from the speculation phenomena.
In these cases, the conservation of the material authenticity is essential because it is the very value of these villages, whereas the analysis suggests that, not infrequently, the actions of ‘recovery’ may be a further insult to the conservation
Market plan of recycled carbon fibers and financial analysis of a case study in the automotive industry
Full text linkThis work refers to research activities carried out within the REcycled carbon fibres for high VALUE composites – REVALUE Project, founded by EIT RawMaterials and performed in the period 2017-2019. All the information and data here reported are referred and updated to this period. The main goal of this document is to provide an insight into the market for carbon fibers reclaimed from end-of-life composites. It identifies market outlets for recycled carbon fibers (rCFs) in various industrial sectors, in particular the Automotive, with the aim to investigate potential applications in which the new material would enter as a competitor of components based on metallic materials or polymers reinforced with glass fibers. The following pages will show that thermoplastic compounds reinforced by high value rFCs are the best compromise to changes imposed in the automotive sector, in order to produce structural, sub-structural and accessories components in the automotive industry. In addition, a clear and wide documented analysis of the EU market scenario and market plan of this specific segment in the automotive field will allow justify the possible investment in composite reinforced with recycled carbon fibers. On this basis, the study continues with the deepening of a Case Study: a 7-year long accurate financial analysis of the market introduction of an innovative thermoplastic compound reinforced with rCFs is developed, aiming to evaluate the feasibility of trade of this typology of composite material
Approach to management of an International Research and Development Project: a case study
Full text linkLa pubblicazione vuole essere un utile sussidio ai ricercatori e tecnologi coinvolti come Coordinatori in progetti di ricerca e sviluppo (R&S), sia nazionali che internazionali. La redazione di un progetto di ricerca comprende la definizione di una serie di attività aventi lo scopo di indicare quali siano gli obiettivi del progetto e in che modo si intende controllarne lo stato di avanzamento, dalla nascita al suo completamento. Tali informazioni sono comunemente incluse in tre differenti sezioni: Strategic Action Plan (SAP); Risk Management Plan (RMP); Monitoring and Evaluation Plan (MEP). Il lavoro intende fornire al Coordinatore un utile e pratico riferimento per le modalità di redazione di tali sezioni, assieme agli adempimenti di cui dovrà farsi carico durante l’esecuzione del progetto. I piani di attuazione, di gestione dei rischi e di monitoraggio, verranno dettagliatamente descritti facendo riferimento ad un ipotetico progetto di ricerca, di pura fantasia, che comunque possiede tutte le caratteristiche di un progetto reale coordinato da ENEA
Influence of feeding ratio on steam gasification ofpalm shells in a rotary kiln pilot plant. Experimental and numerical investigations
No full textThis paper presents experimental and numerical results on steam gasification of palm shells in a rotary kiln pilot plant. Both the process performance and gas features have been evaluated varying the steam-biomass ratio (SBR), defined as the mass of steam divided by the mass of palm shells. First, some experimental tests have been performed. Then, the obtained experimental results have been used to verify the consistency of a numerical model developed with the aid of the commercial code ChemCAD®.Numerical results showed that the gas energy content decreases as the SBR increases as well, achieving a maximum value for SBR=0.6 that produced a gas which volumetric composition N2 free is H2=40.4%, CO=24.1%, CO2=21.7%, CH4=12.2%, C2H4=1.7% and in correspondence of which the lower heating value (LHV) is equal to 12MJm-3 in normal conditions. SBR values higher than 0.6 do not produce a further increase of the gas yield, rather require a greater amount of input energy for heating the steam from the room temperature to the process temperature. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd
Materiali per tessuti intelligenti. Dallo stato dell'arte alle fibre di Carbonio per il progetto TEX-STYLE
Full text linkNell’ambito del progetto TEX-STYLE– Nuovi tessuti intelligenti e sostenibili multi-settoriali per design creativo e stile made-in-Italy, finanziato nell’ambito dei Programmi Operativi Nazionali (PON 2014- 2020) FESR (Fondo Europeo di Sviluppo Regionale), è stato condotto uno studio focalizzato a delineare lo stato dell’arte esistente nel campo dei materiali impiegati come tessuti intelligenti, ovvero tessuti elettronici, e successivamente finalizzato alla selezione e definizione delle proprietà richieste a filati conduttivi da impiegare per la realizzazione di tessuti e rivestimenti intelligenti multifunzionali, integrati in prodotti innovativi che ampliano le opportunità di design creativo, massimizzando i concetti del Made in Italy. In particolare, i filati conduttivi selezionati sono state le fibre di carbonio proveniente da riciclo di materiali compositi a fine vita e/o da scarti di lavorazione, al fine di coniugare criteri di funzionalità dei materiali con il criterio di sostenibilità ambientale, promuovendo così l’impiego di materie prime seconde altrimenti destinati al confinamento in discarica. Il prodotto finale è un filato ibrido in cui la fibra di carbonio, in grado di assicurare proprietà di conduzione elettrica, affianca una fibra tradizionalmente impiegata nella realizzazione di tessuti (poliammide 6). Tale studio ha consentito di stabilire i target prestazionali da conseguire nel proseguo della sperimentazione in laboratorio, in termini di conducibilità elettrica dei filati ibridi, di densità lineare e di tenore della fibra nel filato/tessuto finale
Gasification of granulated scrap tires for the production of syngas and a low-cost adsorbent for Cd(II) removal from wastewaters
No full textIn this work, the steam gasification of scrap tires was investigated as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to tire landfill disposal. Steam activation of the char derived from the tire residues of the gasification process was carried out at constant temperature and feeding ratio between gasifying agent and char, using different activation times (180 and 300 min). The complete characterization of all intermediate products of the processes, namely, raw material (tire), gasification products (char and syngas) and activation products (adsorbents, named Tirecarb), was performed. The adsorbents obtained from tire gasification were used to remove cadmium ions from aqueous solutions at 25 C and pH 7. The experimental results showed that the higher the activation time, the higher the cadmium adsorption capacity. Experiments were carried out under the same conditions using a conventional activated carbon, and additional comparisons with other experimental results on Cd(II) adsorption on low-cost sorbents available in the relevant literature are also reported. In both cases, Tirecarb was found to show the highest cadmium adsorption capacity. © 2013 American Chemical Society
Discharging granular material from a rotary kiln in a slumping regime: Theoretical and experimental studies
No full textThis study developed a theoretical approach to understanding how a set amount of a granular bed is discharged from a tilted rotary kiln (an empty cylinder) once its particle size distribution (PSD) is known and slumping motion occurs. The basis of the study is that the preparation of material for thermal treatment inside a rotary kiln (pyrolysis, gasification, and/or combustion) involves shredding to a desired particle size. Further mechanical stress results from the feeder screws moving material from storage toward the reactor. The most common PSDs found in uniform size reduction processes and mechanical stresses are Gaussian, log-normal, and Rosin-Rammler, of which the latter best fits the PSD in our study. Different particle diameters in the distribution result in an axial segregation when a slumping motion occurs, resulting in particles of different diameters leaving the kiln at different instants. After developing the model, the theoretical data showed good agreement when compared with experimental results obtained from downloading previously shredded carbonaceous material from a rotary kiln at 2 and 4 rpm rotational speeds. The mean residence times at steady state were determined for both rotational speeds and showed good agreement with data provided in the literature. © 2015 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Infrared thermography for the investigation of dynamic thermal behaviour of opaque building elements: Comparison between empty and filled with hemp fibres prototype walls
No full textThe analysis of the thermal dynamic behaviour of buildings is an important tool for reducing inefficiencies and then wasted energy. In this field, European Standards specify the procedures to obtain information about the thermal behaviour of building in terms of decrement factor and time lag. However, these procedures are based on a theoretical approach that does not take into account the real factors involved in the heat exchange phenomena such as the correct knowledge of thermo-physical parameters and the presence of non-homogeneous materials or defects in the investigated walls. In this work, we propose an innovative experimental procedure based on the application of stimulated thermography with the aim of investigate the thermal dynamic behaviour of walls. In particular, two prototype walls were compared: an empty wall and one made with an insulating filler of vegetable nature (hemp fibre). The results were then compared with those obtained with a numerical simulation and with the Standard procedure EN ISO 13786:2007, highlighting the differences between the three approaches. © 2017 Elsevier B.V
- …
