1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Guanosine prevents nuclear factor-κB nuclear translocation ameliorating experimental colitis in rats
Full text linkBackground
inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are prevalent and debilitating health problems worldwide. Due to the adverse effects of classical treatment for IBD, therapeutic options and approaches for these diseases continue to evolve. Guanosine, a guanine-based purine, is an extracellular signalling molecule that seems to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in several in vivo and in vitro injury models. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exogenous guanosine may have protective effects on 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced Colitis in rat.
Methods
Experimental Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of 0.25 ml of DNBS in 50% EtOH solution. After the induction of colitis animal received daily for 6 consecutive days i.p injection of guanosine (8 mg/kg). The effects of guanosine on DNBS-induced colitis were assessed by determination of body weight loss, stool consistency, colon weight/length, histological analysis, Furthermore the myeloperoxidase activity was biochemically evaluated and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). In addition, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein expression levels in colon tissues was investigated using Western blotting and markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress were detected.
Results
Inflammation in DNBS-rat is characterised by symptoms of losing body weight, loose feces/watery diarrhoea, leukocyte infiltration upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative and nitrosative stress. Treatment with guanosine (8 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the severity of DNBS-induced colitis as evidenced by the reduction in body weight loss and in diarrhoea. Guanosine also prevented the macroscopic and microscopic damage to the colonic mucosa, and the increase in myeloperoxidase activity induced by DNBS. Furthermore, the guanosine treated colitis rats also exhibited a lower mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-1β , interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α. Importantly, the ameliorative effect of guanosine was related to an inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway by downregulating the expression levels of NF-κB p-65, and to a reduction of DNBS increased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitrite.
Conclusion
Overall these results indicate that guanosine is able to alleviate colonic inflammation in DNBS- rats mainly by down-regulation of the NF-κB signalling pathway and of the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and nitrite. Further studies are encouraging for disclosure guanosine as a novel drug candidate for the treatment of colonic inflammation
Hydrogel Dressings With Egg White Proteins For Wound Healing
Full text linkDiabetes and other pathologic conditions can disrupt the wound healing process, leading to chronic wounds, that are responsible for serious infections. Egg white proteins, such as lysozyme and ovotransferrin, are attracting interest especially because of their demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial activities. These bioactive proteins can then be used to enrich advanced wound dressing films, which can help control wound oxidative stress and thereby accelerate wound healing and/or prevent bacterial infection.
The aim of this work is to develop novel hydrogel formulations, based on blends of a synthetic polymer and polysaccharides, and incorporating egg white proteins and/or their peptides, to investigate their applicability as advanced wound dressings. The rheological properties of the hydrogels were investigated to assess the viscoelastic properties and gelation behaviour. The microstructure of the hydrogel dressings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The erosion in PBS buffer was also evaluated. Flexible, skin-adhesive hydrogel films with potential applications in wound healing were obtained
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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