1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Oral microbiota, the intersection of the oral and general health : Overview of : 1. periodontal ligament infection by hsv-12. high-throughput simultaneous quantitative detection of the oral microbiome3.impact of endurance sports on the oral microbiome
No full textLe microbiote oral, qui se compose d'une diversité remarquable de micro-organismes, est désormais reconnu comme un acteur clé de la santé bucco-dentaire et de la santé globale. Cette thèse explore ses dynamiques à travers trois axes principaux : (1) une découverte essentielle révélant que le virus de l'herpès simplex de type 1 (HSV-1) peut infecter le ligament parodontal, (2) le développement d'une technologie pour détecter et quantifier le microbiote oral, et (3) l'étude ORASPORT, qui examine le lien entre l'activité physique et le microbiote oral.La première section de cette thèse présente une avancée dans la compréhension des interactions entre les virus et les tissus parodontaux. HSV-1 est traditionnellement connu pour sa latence dans les ganglions nerveux sensitifs et ses manifestations lésionnelles dans la cavité orale. Cependant, cette étude est la première à démontrer que HSV-1 est capable d'infecter le ligament parodontal (PDL), un tissu conjonctif essentiel à la stabilité dentaire. Grâce à des expériences d'infection ex vivo sur des cellules et des fragments de PDL, nous avons montré que le virus peut induire une réponse inflammatoire et affecter la structure du PDL. Ce travail suggère que le PDL pourrait être un site potentiel d'infection virale, contribuant à la progression des maladies parodontales. En synergie avec des bactéries pathogènes orales, HSV-1 pourrait exacerber les réponses inflammatoires et la destruction tissulaire caractéristique de la parodontite.Le deuxième axe de cette thèse concerne le développement d'une technologie microfluidique haut débit pour analyser le microbiote oral. Nous avons élaboré une plaque spécifique du microbiote oral, utilisant le système Biomark™ HD, capable de détecter et de réaliser la quantification absolue de 38 espèces bactériennes et des 8 Herpesvirus humains. Cet outil fournira une compréhension approfondie des interactions microbiennes, de leur rôle dans la santé bucco-dentaire et des processus inflammatoires ou infectieux associés. Ce système innovant représente un avancement significatif dans l'étude de la dysbiose du microbiote oral et ouvre la voie à des recherches supplémentaires sur ses implications dans diverses pathologies.La dernière section de cette thèse présente l'étude ORASPORT, qui examine l'impact de l'activité physique sur le microbiote oral, un domaine encore peu exploré. Selon des études récentes, seulement 5 % des adultes français pratiquent une activité physique suffisante pour maintenir leur santé. L'étude ORASPORT a recruté 86 jeunes adultes (18-30 ans) répartis en trois groupes selon leur niveau d'activité physique (sédentaires, actifs, très actifs) afin de déterminer comment l'exercice d'endurance influence la composition microbienne orale. Les résultats préliminaires révèlent des variations significatives du microbiote oral en fonction du niveau d'activité, suggérant que l'exercice physique pourrait aider à maintenir un équilibre microbien bénéfique pour la santé bucco-dentaire.Cette thèse souligne l'importance du microbiote oral en tant qu'indicateur de la santé globale, met en évidence l'influence du mode de vie sur son équilibre, et révèle un nouveau rôle potentiel des infections virales dans les maladies parodontales.The oral microbiota, consisting of a remarkable diversity of microorganisms, is now recognized as a key player in oral and overall health. This thesis explores its dynamics through three main axes: (1) a pivotal mechanistic finding revealing that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can infect the periodontal ligament, (2) the development of a technology for detecting and quantifying the oral microbiota, and (3) the ORASPORT study investigating the link between physical activity and the oral microbiota.The first section of this thesis presents a breakthrough in understanding the interactions between viruses and periodontal tissues. HSV-1 is traditionally known for its latency in sensory nerve ganglia and its lesional manifestations in the oral region. However, this study is the first to demonstrate that HSV-1 can infect the periodontal ligament (PDL), a connective tissue essential for tooth stability. Through ex vivo infection experiments on PDL cells and fragments, we showed that the virus can induce an inflammatory response and affect the PDL structure. This work suggests that the PDL is a potential site of viral infection, contributing to the progression of periodontal diseases. In synergy with oral pathogenic bacteria, HSV-1 could exacerbate inflammatory responses and the tissue destruction characteristic of periodontitis.The second focus of this thesis involved the development of a customized technology for analyzing the oral microbiota. We developed a specific array using the Biomark™ HD system, capable of detecting and performing absolute quantification of 38 oral bacterial species and the 8 human herpesviruses. This tool provides a deeper understanding of microbial interactions, their role in oral health, and the associated inflammatory or infectious processes. This innovative system represents a significant advancement in studying dysbiosis of oral microbiota and paves the way for further research on its implications in various pathologies.The final section of this thesis, the ORASPORT study, examines the impact of physical activity on the oral microbiota, an underexplored area. According to recent studies, only about 5% of French adults engage in sufficient physical activity to maintain their health. ORASPORT recruited 86 young adults (18-30 years) divided into three groups based on their physical activity level (sedentary, active, very active) to determine how endurance exercise influences oral microbial composition. The preliminary results reveal significant variations in the oral microbiota depending on the activity level, suggesting that physical exercise may help maintain a beneficial microbial balance for oral health.This thesis highlights the importance of oral microbiota as an indicator of overall health, emphasizes the influence of lifestyle on its balance, and reveals a new potential role of viral infections in periodontal diseases
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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