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EFFECT OF FISH OIL AND COCONUT OIL DIET ON THE LDL RECEPTOR ACTIVITY OF RAT LIVER PLASMA MEMBRANES.
No full textThe influence of 4 weeks treatment with fish oil and coconut oil enriched diets on the chemical composition of rat liver plasma membranes and LDL and on the binding of LDL to liver membranes was investigated. Rats fed fish oil diet showed a total, LDL and HDL plasma cholesterol concentration lower than the values observed in rats fed coconut oil and to a lesser extent lower than those of rats fed standard laboratory diet. LDL of rats on fish oil diet had a relative percentage of cholesterol and phospholipid lower, while that of triacylglycerol was greater. Furthermore, fish oil feeding was associated with a greater concentration of n - 3 fatty acids and a lower arachidonic and linoleic acid content in LDL. Liver plasma membranes isolated from fish oil rats showed a higher percentage of n - 3 fatty acids, while only a trace amount of these fatty acids was found in control and coconut oil fed animals. In binding experiments performed with LDL and liver membranes from fish oil fed rats and control rats, binding affinity (Kd = 3.47 +/- 0.93 and 4.56 +/- 1.27, respectively) was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) as compared to that found using membranes and lipoprotein from coconut oil fed rats (Kd = 6.82 +/- 2.69). In cross-binding experiments performed with fish oil LDL and coconut oil liver plasma membranes or coconut oil LDL and fish oil liver plasma membranes, the LDL binding affinity was comparable and similar to that found in fish oil fed animals. No difference was found in the Bmax among all the groups of binding experiments. Our data seem to indicate that during fish oil diet the higher binding affinity of LDL to liver plasma membranes might be partly responsible of the hypocholesterolemic action of marine oil rich diet as compared to saturated diet. Furthermore, the modifications of binding affinity induced by changes of LDL and membrane source, suggest that lipoprotein and liver plasma membrane composition may be an important variable in binding studies
Effetto della levosulpiride e della metoclopramide sulla cinetica colecistica in soggetti diabetici, insulinodipendenti con neuropatia autonomica
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Effect of diabetic autonomic neuropathy on gallbladder kinetics in insulin dependent diabetic patients
No full textObjective: To evaluate the relationship between autonomic nervous system involvement and gall bladder contraction in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Patients and methods: Fasting gall bladder volume and gall bladder emptying in response to a standard liquid meal were evaluated using ultrasonography in 10 normal subjects and in 35 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes: 10 without, 15 with asymptomatic and 10 with symptomatic autonomic neuropathy (AN). Gall bladder volumes were calculated from ultrasonographic images, taken during fasting and at regular intervals after a standard meal, using the sum of cylinders method. Evaluation of the presence and degree of AN was based on standard tests and clinical history. Results: In controls, the mean fasting gall bladder volume was 1 7.6 +/- 3.7 ml, while respective values for residual volume, per cent emptying and emptying rate were: 3.63 +/- 1.69 ml, 77.3 +/- 10.7% and 0.0356 +/- 0.0121 min-1. Compared with controls, diabetic patients had a slightly higher fasting gall bladder volume (19.1 +/- 5.6 ml), while values for residual volume, per cent emptying and emptying rate were significantly altered at: 9.79 +/- 5.90 ml, 50.7 +/- 18.2% and 0.0155 +/- 0.0070 min-1, respectively (P<0.01). When diabetic patients were grouped according to the degree of AN, values for fasting gall bladder volume were significantly higher in those with symptomatic AN (22.0 +/- 7.7 ml) compared with controls (P<0.05). When compared with controls, patients without AN had a significantly (P<0.01) higher residual volume (5.58 +/- 1.96 ml), a significantly lower value for per cent emptying (65.3 +/- 11.3%) and a prolonged emptying rate (0.0213 +/- 0.0055 min-1). Gall bladder motility deteriorated progressively in diabetic patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic neuropathy. In the latter group, gall bladder emptying was greatly compromised, with a residual volume of 15.22 +/- 8.10 ml, and per cent emptying and emptying rate of 32.8 +/- 19.8% and 0.0060 +/- 0.0030 min-1, respectively (P<0.01 versus controls and diabetic patients with and without asymptomatic AN). Conclusions: Impairment of gall bladder contraction in diabetic patients seems to be dependent on the presence of AN. However, the presence of an alteration in gall bladder motility in those without neuropathy suggests that other factors could also play a role in gall bladder contraction in diabetic patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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