1,721,010 research outputs found
The rabbit model in evaluating the biocompatibility in peritoneal dialysis
No full textRat and rabbit are the most common animal models for peritoneal dialysis. Rats are cheap and easy to keep. Rabbits allow dialysis to be performed for longer periods and in a way very similar to that used in human patients. Recent progress in histomorphometry enables accurate comparison of the biocompatibility of different peritoneal dialysis solutions. Preliminary data in the rabbit indicate that peritoneal dialysis is associated with a change in both the number and size of milky spots, which are peritoneal corpuscles involved in peritoneal defence
Peritoneal sclerosis: One or two nosological entities?
No full textThe frequency, pathology, animal models, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, therapy and prevention of peritoneal sclerosis are reviewed. Many of these aspects have a bimodal configuration which suggests that peritoneal sclerosis, usually considered a single pathology in peritoneal dialysis, is actually two distinct nosological entities: simple sclerosis and sclerosing peritonitis. The former is very frequent, with minor anatomical alterations and low clinical impact; it is reproducible in animals by means of peritoneal dialysis, and is clearly due to the poor biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis solutions. The latter is rare, with radical anatomical alterations and high mortality requiring Valid methods of diagnosis, therapy and prevention; it can only be reproduced in animal models by means other than peritoneal dialysis and seems to be due to factors both related and unrelated to peritoneal dialysis
Morphological aspects of peritoneal sclerosis
No full textThe term peritoneal sclerosis simply means the presence of sclerotic tissue in the peritoneum. Qualitative and quantitative morphological aspects indicate that there are two nosological entities: simple sclerosis and sclerosing peritonitis. Simple sclerosis is a thin (< 40-50 mum) layer of submesothelial sclerotic tissue often limited to certain peritoneal areas, with monotonous histology. It is a component of the slight anatomical alterations constantly detectable in peritonea] dialysis patients. Sclerosing peritonitis is characterized by very thick (1,000-4,000 mum) sclerotic tissue involving the whole peritoneal wall, often with inflammatory infiltrates, microabscesses, giant cells of macrophagic origin, calcifications and severe vascular alterations. Intermediate stages between simple sclerosis and sclerosing peritonitis have rarely been detected. Simple sclerosis and sclerosing peritonitis also seem to be distinct with respect to frequency, etiology, reproducibility in animal models and clinical manifestations
Oxygenation-Ozonation of Blood During Extracorporeal Circulation. I. In vitro Efficiency of a New Gas Exchange Device
Full text linkWe have investigated the performance of a new
gas exchange device (GED), named L001, specifically
devised for the ozonation of human blood during extracorporeal
circulation. This procedure, defined with
the acronym “EBOO,” means “extracorporeal blood
oxygenation–ozonation.” The innovative GED is made of
microporous, ozone-resistant, polipropylene hollow fibers
with an external diameter of 200 mm, a thickness of 50 mm,
and a membrane surface area of 0.22 m2. The material is
coated with phosphorylcholine on the external side in
contact with the circulating blood, while a gas mixture,
necessarily composed of medical oxygen and ozone (about
99 and 1%, respectively), flows inside the fibers in opposite
direction.The newGEDhas been tested by using a buffered
saline solution containing KI and by varying several parameters,
and it has shown to be very versatile and efficient. Its
main characteristics are minimal foreign surface contact,
high gas transfer,and negligible priming volume.This device
appears to be a practical, nontoxic, and rather inexpensive
tool for performing ozonation of blood for already defined
human diseases
Sclerosing peritonitis: A nosological entity
No full textThe peritoneal histology of 224 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients without sclerosing peritonitis (SP) and of 39 PD patients with SP was evaluated. Of the 224 patients, 180 showed simple sclerosis (SS). In these subjects, slight thickness of sclerosis (10-70 mu m), slight parvicellular infiltration (5/180), slight arterial thickening with no vessel occlusion (19/180), and slight tissue calcification (1/180) were observed. In the 39 patients with SP, striking histological changes versus SS were detected: thickness of scierosis 250 - 4000 mu m, p < 0.01; inflammation 39/39, p < 0.01 (parvicellular infiltration 36/39, p < 0.01; microabscesses 15/39, p < 0.05; giant cells 38/39, p < 0.01; granulation tissue 38/39, p < 0.01); arterial alterations 39/39, p < 0.01 (thickening 39/39, p < 0.01; occlusion 39/39, p < 0.01; calcification 26/39, p < 0.01; ossification 9/39, p < 0.01); tissue calcification 12/39, p < 0.01 (with ossification 4/39, with bone marrow 2/39). The thickness of sclerosis in SS was higher in parietai (30 - 70 mu m) than in visceral peritoneum (10 - 40 mu m, p < 0.05); in SP it was higher in visceral (600 - 4000 mu m) than in parietal peritoneum (250 - 2000 mu m, p < 0.05). These striking differences suggest consideration of SS and SP as two separate nosological entities. Differences in frequency, animal models, etiology, and clinical impact seem to confirm this hypothesis, showing that SP is notjust the evolution of SS
La diagnosi di nefropatia nei reperti autoptici: sul problematico sfondo delle alterazioni istomorfologiche post-mortali
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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