1,721,254 research outputs found

    European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR): what effects on children’s rights law and policy?

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    In the last two decades, European Union’s countries have been put under significant pressure by the 2007-2008 financial crisis and the more recent Covid-19 pandemic. As a result, social standards have generally worsened - thereby disseminating wide-spreading resentment among citizens. In this framework, the work examines the role of the Union in the improvement of Member States’ social conditions through its social policy. In particular, it analyses the impact of the 2017 European Pillar of Social Rights and its Action Plan on children’s rights and policy. To do so, section 2 provides an overview of the evolution of the European social policy; section 3 analyses the legal nature, powers and limits of both the Pillar and the Plan; section 4 presents the specific case of children law and policy, and assesses its evolution in the last four years in a multi-level perspective taking into account the example of Italy. Conclusions follow in section 5. Overall, the EU social policy appears to be a controversial field, with MS and several social partners showing reluctance to a major role for the Union in their public affairs. Nevertheless, although a European Social Unions still seems a long way off, there is currently a progressive change of attitude and a more open approach towards a multi-level sharing of competences in the field of social policy

    Laelapid and Dermanyssid Mites of Medical and Veterinary Interest

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    Mesostigmatic mites are the most diverse and geographically widespread order among Parasitiformes. Their diversity is well represented with great variability of life strategies supported by related morphological adaptations. Differentiation of the several taxa among this order is a challenging task requiring specific expertise and background. This is even more important considering that several groups share the same environment where they play different roles. Laelapid and dermanyssids mites belong to the superfamily Dermanyssoidea where most of the parasitic species, included within Mesostigmata, are grouped. Both families comprise species parasites of vertebrates. Their complex evolution from free-living predators to obligate hematophagous ectoparasites is illustrated focusing on the biological and ecological relationships that these two families have developed. Moreover, the veterinary and medical involvement of both families is analyzed according to the available data. Finally, the current strategies of prevention and control are reported for the most relevant specie

    Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in colonrectal cancer: from prevention to therapy

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    In this review, we discuss the available experimental evidences supporting the chemopreventive efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on colorectal cancer and the biological basis for their possible role as anticancer agents. Although the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the effects of these drugs on colon cancer cells is incomplete, research efforts in identifying the biochemical pathway by which NSAIDs exert their chemopreventive effect have provided a rationale for the potential use of NSAIDs alone or in combination with conventional and experimental anticancer agents in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In this paper, we review three main issues: (i) the role of COX-2 in colon cancer, (ii) the common death pathways between NSAIDs and anticancer drugs; and (iii) the biological basis for the combination therapy with COX-2 selective inhibitors and new selective inhibitors of growth factor signal transduction pathways. (C) 2003 Cancer Research UK

    Methodological approach for recognition of species from 0 kHz – 12 kHz nocturnal PAM recordings: the case of Orthoptera

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    La scoperta fortuita di Acheta pantescus Massa, Cusimano, Fontana, Brizio, 2022, nata dall’osservazione di un canto di grillo non riconosciuto durante la revisione di registrazioni di monitoraggio acustico passivo (PAM), ha rivelato il potenziale dei registratori non supervisionati come strumenti per la valutazione della diversità degli ortotteri. Questo studio, basato su una campagna PAM notturna di un mese in due località pugliesi, copre le problematiche del riconoscimento delle specie di ortotteri mediante mezzi bioacustici e delinea un flusso di lavoro di analisi e diagnosi per paesaggi sonori contestati, con particolare riferimento a registrazioni di media qualità (frequenza di campionamento di 24 kHz, banda 0 kHz - 12 kHz), scelte come il miglior compromesso tra qualità e capacità di archiviazione. Al prezzo di un significativo impiego di tempo, il metodo si è dimostrato adatto per una valutazione preliminare della diversità degli ortotteri a canto notturno. I risultati includono diverse lezioni apprese, un elenco delle specie osservate e alcune nuove osservazioniThe fortuitous discovery of Acheta pantescus Massa, Cusimano, Fontana, Brizio, 2022, born from the observation of an unknown cricket song during the review of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) recordings, disclosed the potential of unsupervised recorders as tools for the assessment of orthopteran diversity. This case study, based on a one-month, nightly PAM campaign in two Apulian locations, covers the issues of orthopteran species recognition by bioacoustical means and outlines an analysis and diagnosis workflow for contested soundscapes, with special reference to the medium-quality record settings (24 kHz sampling frequency, 0 kHz - 12 kHz band), chosen as the best compromise between quality and storage capacity. At the price of substantial labour, the method proved suitable for a preliminary assessment of the diversity of the night-singing orthoptera. Results include several lessons learned, a list species observed and some novel observation
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