1,720,993 research outputs found
Un approccio sistemico e quantitativo alla progettazione di una metro-pedonale: il caso studio della città di Salerno
No full textModeling the effect of high-quality transport terminals on transit service choices: the role of individual user attitudes and perceptions
No full textQuality in public transport is a widely discussed topic from both the user's and operator's perspective. With respect to the passenger’s standpoint, the aim of this research was to ascertain whether (and in what way) the traveler’s “quality perception” of high-standard stations could be differently affected by his/her individual attitudes/perceptions, such as to influence mobility choices. To this end, a mobility survey was performed in Naples (Italy) where two metro options, comparable with respect to service characteristics and the connections delivered, differ only in the quality standard of the stations. A binomial Hybrid Choice Model with Latent Variables (LVs) was estimated, jointly with a traditional Logit model as a benchmark. Three LVs proved significant and able to model/quantify the relevance of individual attitudes/perceptions (of “comfort”, “art” and “safety”). Estimation results show that users with an average comfort perception are willing to spend up to 15 min/trip (2.67 Euro/trip) more for high-quality service; users with an average art perception are willing to spend more time traveling (9 min/trip or 1.5 Euro/trip). Furthermore, for this specific (and perhaps unique) case study investigated, the station with greater attention to aesthetics quality is also perceived as safer than other
Modelling Behavior in a Route Choice Driving Simulation Experiment in Presence of Information
No full textModelling route choice decision making in Advanced Traveler information System (ATIS) contexts is still a crucial task. In particular, two main categories of variables can be identified in order to model travelers’ behaviors: the former may be defined as endogenous and are related to the experiment environment; the latter may be defined as exogenous (referring to the respondents involved in the experiment). This paper focuses on the analysis of exogenous variables. An experiment is carried out using a driving simulator, on a real route choice context (a sub-area of the urban network in the city of Naples, in the Campania Region) reproduced in a virtual reality. All data are analyzed by aggregate and statistical approaches to preliminarily investigate the correlations between some exogenous variables and the collected choices of drivers. Furthermore, collected observations have been modelled by applying the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach to model the effect of information on switching behaviors
Modelling risk perception in ATIS context: a comparison of different Fuzzy Logic-based approaches
No full textIn this paper travellers' reactions to Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) are analysed. In particular two kinds of information (descriptive and prescriptive) and four levels of reliability have been tested. A web-based tool has been adopted in order to carry out a stated preference experiment for data collection. The presented research continues previous studies of the authors in the field of travellers' compliance with information and travellers' route choices under ATIS. In previous studies both a discrete choice theory approach and a Mamdani-type Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) were tested. Here several FIS approaches are analysed more in detail. Some preliminary analyses, are recalled from previous research work, furthermore collected data have been deeply analysed through the Sugeno FIS-type approach and by Adaptive-Network-Based FIS. The methods are applied to reproduce travellers' behaviour and are compared with each other to find the best approach. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Program Committe
Experiments toward an human-like Adaptive Cruise Control
No full textIn this work some experiments are made in order to assess the feasibility of a human-like ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) system. The proposed system is able to understand driver’s attitudes and driving-styles by means of a selfcalibration process that can be (re)initialized on request. Three different speed-control logics have been tested: one tries to learn from actual drivers’ behaviors by using an Artificial eural etwork (A) approach, the second is based on the calibration of a linear function aimed to be mimic of the driver response to stimuli, the third is based on the calibration of a polynomial function instead of a linear one. A microscopic traffic model, accurately calibrated and validated for different aims and in a previous work, has been adapted and used in order to generate a long car-following trajectory on which the speed control logics have been calibrated and compared. This has allowed for a sufficient amount of accurate laboratory data at a relatively low cost. Comparison of the tested speed-control logics show that a fully adaptive human-like ACC system is feasible and worth further more costly developments
A traffic responsive control framework for signalized junctions based on hybrid traffic flow representation
No full textThe paper proposes a traffic responsive control framework based on a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach. The framework focuses on a centralized method, which can simultaneously compute the network decision variables (i.e., the green timings at each junction and the offset of the traffic light plans of the network). Furthermore, the framework is based on a hybrid traffic flow model operating as a prediction model and plant model in the control procedure. The hybrid traffic flow model combines two sub-models: an aggregate model (i.e., the Cell Transmission Model; CTM) and a disaggregate model (i.e., the Cellular Automata model; CA), using a transition cell to connect them. The whole framework is tested on a signalized arterial, performing several analyses to calibrate the MPC strategy and evaluate the traffic control approach using fixed and adaptive control strategies. All analyses are made in terms of total time spent, network total delay, queue lengths and degree of saturation
Application of data fusion for route choice modelling by route choice driving simulator
No full textModelling route choices is one of the most significant tasks in transportation models. Route choice models under Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) are often developed and calibrated by using, among other, Stated Preferences (SP) surveys. Different types of SP approaches can be adopted, alternatively based on Travel Simulators (TSs) or Driving Simulators (DSs). Here a pilot study is presented, aimed at setting up an SP-tool based on driving simulator developed at the Technical University of Bari. The obtained results are analysed in order to check the accordance with expectations in particular the results of application of data fusion technique are shown in order to explain how data collected by DSs, can be used to reduce the effect of choice of behaviour in unrealistic scenarios in TSs
Modeling risk perception in ATIS context through fuzzy logic
No full textThis research is aimed at investigating the effect of accuracy of ATIS (Advanced Traveller Information Systems) in terms of route choices and travellers' concordance to informative system. A Stated Preference Experiment has been made by using a Travel Simulator developed at the Technische Universiteit of Delft (The Netherlands). During the experiment respondents have been asked to make repeated route choices in presence of ATIS. Two kinds of information have been tested: descriptive (respondents are provided with the estimated travel times on each route), and prescriptive (respondents are provided with the estimated shortest route). For each kind of information four levels of accuracy have been considered: high, low and two intermediate levels. The main research aims are: 1. investigating the relationship between accuracy of information and travellers' concordance to informative system; 2. investigating the relationship between accuracy of information and route choices. Some preliminary aggregate and statistical analyses have been made; additionally, collected data have been deeply analyzed, and a fuzzy logic approach has been applied in order to reproduce the travellers' behaviour
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