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    Native cattle breeds of Southern Italy: karyological profile.

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    - Italian typical products of animal origin are strictly linked to native breeds. Their protection requires control of their reproductive and productive abilities. Hence the need for karyological studies to identify subjects with chromosome abnormalities linked to hypofertility or sterility. We report the results of karyological analyses carried out from January 2008 to December 2008 on 145 cattle of native breeds (Agerolese, Cinisara, Modicana and Podolica) reared in Southern Italy so as to evaluate and characterize the presence of chromosome abnormalities in subjects with normal phenotypes. Besides the 128 karyologically normal subjects (2n=60, XY and 2n=60, XX), 17 were carriers of rob (1;29) and one male was a carrier of cellular chimerism 2n=60, XX/XY. According to our data there is a high frequency of rob (1;29) in Cinisara and Podolica breeds while in Agerolese there was only one case of rob (1;29) and none in Modicana

    Clinical cytogenetics in river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n = 50): new cases.

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    Although several studies have been undertaken on river buffalo chromosomes,the clinical cytogenetics is relatively recent in this important bovid. Indeed,only when speci¢c research programs on females river buffaloes with reproductive disturbances and a collaborative work between cytogeneticists and veterinary practioners were undertaken,significant results will be obtained. In this study we summarize the results of a cytogenetic investigation performed during the last three years on females with reproductive problems and two males free-martin. Peripheral blood cultures were untreated and treated with BrdU and H-33258 six hours before harvesting to get normal and R-banded preparations,respectively. Slides were treated for CBA and R-banding techniques. Some specific cases were also treated for FISH-technique. Upon 59 investigated animals,of which 57 were females with reproductive problems and 2 were males free-martin, 14 (24%) were carriers of sex chromosome abnormalities. The following abnormalities were found in the females: (a) sex reversal syndrome (2n =50,XY) in two animals; (b) X-monosomy (2n =49,X0) in one animal; (c) X-trisomy (2n =51,XXX) in one animal; (d) free-martinism (2n =50,XY/XX with different frequencies of female and male cells among the animals) in 6 females; (e) a pronounced C-band polymorphism in the X-chromosomes of two females. Both rectal palpation in all females and direct observation of some reproductive organs (after the animal’s mating) revealed evident abnormalities in the internal reproductive organs
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