1,721,076 research outputs found
Neoplasia del colon-retto
No full textLe neoplasie colorettali comprendono le forme
benigne, rappresentate nella maggior parte
dei casi dagli adenomi, e quelle maligne, in particolare
dal cancro colorettale (CRC). Il cancro
colorettale rappresenta una delle maggiori cause
di cancro al mondo e, malgrado la riduzione
dei tassi di incidenza nei Paesi industrializzati
dovuta all’implemento degli screening, il rapido
cambiamento degli stili di vita in Paesi in via di
sviluppo sta determinando un aumento del CRC
in popolazioni che storicamente erano meno suscettibili
a questa patologia. Il cancro è di solito
preceduto da lesioni premaligne la cui asportazione
di fatto riduce il rischio di progressione
maligna. I fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo del
cancro colorettale sono l’età, l’obesità, la familiarità
per cancro colorettale e le sindromi ereditarie
con alta suscettibilità al cancro
Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy [Endoscopia digestiva. Tratto digestivo superiore e inferiore]
No full textRecent-years technological innovation has achieved two important objectives: 1) to develop advanced diagnostic tools able to determine with a fair degree of accuracy the nature of a lesion by means of the simple endoscopic observation; 2) to improve the therapeutic approach to lesions, by extending the least-invasive endoscopic treatment also to lesions that in the past were referred to surgery. Advanced diagnostic methodologies have been achieved thanks to the introduction of high definition endoscopes and virtual chromo-endoscopy. Therapeutic innovation is represented by endoscopic sub-mucosal dissection (ESD) that enables the "en bloc" resection of the lesions, thus ensuring a more accurate histological evaluation of their level of infiltration and of the radicality of the resection. These diagnostic and therapeutic methodologies have been applied intensively in Barrett's esophagus, in the early gastric cancer and in the neoplastic lesions of colon-rectum. Concerning the screening of colon-rectum cancer, recent-years literature concentrated on defining the minimal necessary requirements to perform an effective and safe colonoscopy, the so-called "quality endoscopy", for which reference indicators and standards have been set
Disease extension matters in endoscopic scores. UCEIS calculated as a sum of the single colonic segments performed better than regular UCEIS in outpatients with ulcerative colitis
No full textRetrospectively analysed data of 80 UC outpatients, between 2009 and 2013, at S. Andrea Hospital in Rome, Italy.the present
the work suggests that the evaluation of the disease extension in RCU may be relevant, in particular in the outpatient setting, where the evaluation
of disease by complete colonoscopy may represent the most accurate method to evaluate disease activity
Use of radioisotopic esophageal transit in the assessment of patients with symptoms of reflux and non-specific esophageal motor disorders
No full textThe purposes of this study were to assess the esophageal clearance of a radioisotopic bolus in patients with symptoms of reflux and evaluate the impact of manometric abnormalities on scintigraphic esophageal transit. Esophageal clearance was assessed in a supine position and indicated by the retained radioactivity in the esophagus at 10, 20, 30 and 40 s after the ingestion of a liquid bolus labeled with 2 mCi 99 mTc-SC. The study included 214 consecutive patients with symptoms of reflux and 11 normal controls. The results were compared to the motility findings detected on manometry performed on a separate occasion. Esophageal manometry was normal in 93 patients. Nonspecific esophageal motor disorders were identified in 121 patients and were classified into: 'predominantly nonpropagated activity', 'predominantly low-amplitude peristaltic contractions' and 'miscellaneous disorders' diagnosed in 27, 47 and 47 patients, respectively. The radionuclide clearance was significantly delayed in the overall group of patients compared with that of normal controls (P < 0.001); in patients with reflux symptoms and nonspecific esophageal motor disorders compared with patients with reflux symptoms and 'normal manometry' (P < 0.01 at 20 s); and in patients with reflux symptoms and 'normal manometry' compared with the control group (P < 0.01 at 20 s). Abnormal radioisotope clearances were detected in 88% of patients with 'predominantly nonpropagated activity', in 70% of patients with 'predominantly low-amplitude peristaltic contractions' and in 57% of patients with 'miscellaneous disorders'. Radioisotopic esophageal clearance abnormalities are frequently observed in patients with reflux symptoms and are more likely to be associated to hypomotility disorders, i.e. nonpropagated motor activity or low-amplitude contractions
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