1,722,737 research outputs found
EFFECTS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC TREATMENTS ON SERUM PROLACTINE LEVELS. A COMPARATIVE NATURALISTIC STUDY
No full textMajor depressive disorders and coronary artery disease: a review on common pathophysiological pathways
No full textPatients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have an increased risk of developing or worsening coronary artery disease (CAD). The pathophysiology of this increased risk is only partially understood: six different but not opposing hypotheses have been proposed, involving hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and behavioural factors, including treatment adherence and lifestyle habits.
A simple model, based on a link between depression and bio-behavioural alteration, seems oversimplified and is not supported by data. Moreover, the link between coronary artery disease and depression represents the typical "chicken-egg" dilemma. Epidemiological studies clearly show that MDD or depressive symptoms are risk factors for CAD; conversely, CAD induces a depressive syndrome in 20-47% of acute cases, suggesting that MDD and CAD may share common pathophysiological pathways.
In this review we attempt to unify the five above-mentioned mechanisms and propose that a central alteration could represent a link between depression and coronary artery disease, altering the peripheral response to stress via the HPA-axis, ANS, an immune response and platelet function. The relevant literature was sought through MEDLINE, PubMed, PsychINFO and EMBASE. The following search words were used alone or in combination, as appropriate: depression, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, neurobiological aetiology. Further articles were sourced from the reference lists of articles ascertained through the search
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The evolution of passive brain-computer interfaces: Enhancing the human-machine interaction
No full textIn the last decade, a real revolution in the field of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) led from the “overt” detection of human intention to the " covert” assessment of the actual human mental states. While the first aspect is the basis of the traditional BCI systems, the latter represents the outcome of the passive BCI applications. In fact, passive BCI derives its outputs from brain activity arising without the purpose of voluntary control, but implicitly related to the human mental state. The necessity of monitoring human mental states driven by safety-critical application has been just the boost to the passive BCIs developing: more in general, passive BCI represents the implicit channel of information that enhances the goal-oriented cooperation of humans and machines as a whole, the so-called human-machine interaction. So far, there have been countless passive BCI applications in a wide range of contexts such as driving, gaming, and surgery. If on the one hand, this has been possible thanks to the development of more and more discrete neurotechnological devices, on the other hand, we must not overlook the significant step forward in the employed algorithms, with the adoption in this field of machine learning and deep learning enhancements. This chapter will retrace not only the major achievements but also the future trends, in terms of technologies, methods, and applications of what concerns the field of passive BCIs. The final aim of the work is to draw a mark on where we are nowadays and the future challenges, in order to make passive BCIs closer to being integrated into day-life applications
A naturalistic study comparing two initial duloxetine dosing strategies in a clinical "real world" setting
No full textTo compare, in a "real world" setting. the efficacy and tolerability of two initial duloxetine starting doses: 30 mg once daily (q.d.) for I week, followed by escalation to, 60 mg q.d. versus 60 mg q.d. without titolation, evaluating expecially effects on sexual dysfunction. Methods. The sample is Constituted by outpatients meeting diagnostic criteria for mild-severe (HAMD(17) >= 24 and CGI-S >= 4) Major Depressive Episode as defined by DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistic Manual for Mental Disorder. Fourth Edition-Text Revision). based oil the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI),The study design planned all initial evaluation and 4 follow-up visits at each visit the following scales were administered: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD(17)) and Anxiety (HAMA), Clinical Global Impression Severity Scale (CGI-S) for severity evaluation and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) for Sexual disfunction evaluation. Results. Both of the groups showed 90% of response (>= 50% reduction in a patient's HAMD(17) total score from baseline) within 2 months of follow-up. 50%, of patients receiving a 30 mg q.d. starting dose achieved a HAMD(17) total score <= 7 versus 40% of 60 mg q.d. treating group. None showed relapses during the study After the first treatment month, the 60 mg q.d. receiving group showed a statistical significative amelioration of sexual function (Mann-Whitney test: p=0,02). Conclusions. Our naturalistic "real world" study results confirm previous duloxetine tolerability and efficacy findings suggesting a 60 mg q.d. after meal duloxetine somministration without titolation
Bypassing censorship: A proven tool against the recent internet censorship in Turkey
No full textUsers of mobile devices are experiencing great difficulties to circumvent Internet censorship technologies that violate human rights. Mobile users do not have full control of their own systems, and in many cases, they cannot even change the configuration imposed by their 3G/4G providers. Such limitations allow the provider acting under the government authority to enforce specific Internet filtering mechanisms, and to prevent access to censored material. In this paper, we survey the events related to the Internet censorship happened in Turkey during the first months of 2014 and we introduce DNSet, an Android app that has been used by Turkish citizens to successfully circumvent the Internet censorship. In particular, DNSet allows mobile users to easily change the DNS server imposed by their 3G/4G providers, without the mobile users have administrative rights on the device (i.e. Without rooting the device). We report on data and information that has been anonymously collected through the DNSet application. Furthermore, we raise up the suspicion that a few censorship activities in Turkey began at least a month before the official ban on Twitter
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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