1,720,970 research outputs found
TO BLEED OR NOT TO BLEED: THAT IS THE QUESTION. THE SIDE EFFECTS OF APIXABAN.
No full textApixaban is a new oral anticoagulant (NOACs: Novel Oral Anticoagulant), as like dabigatran, rivaroxaban, edoxaban. All of them are prescribed to patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism, to replace warfarin, because of the lower probability of bleedings, however they can cause bleedings by themselves. Bleeding is an adverse event in patients taking anticoagulants. It is associated with a significant increase of morbidity and risk of death. However, these drugs should be used only for the time when anticoagulation is strictly required, especially when used for preventing deep vein thrombosis. Prolonged use increases the risk of bleeding. In the ARISTOTLE Trial Apixaban, compared with warfarin, was associated with a lower rate of intracranial hemorrhages and less adverse consequences following extracranial hemorrhage. Many physicians still have limited experience with new oral anticoagulants and about bleeding risks managment. We reviewed the available literature on extracranial and intracranial bleeding concerning apixaban
[Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular diseases]
No full textVitamin D deficiency is a condition that affects a high percentage of individuals of all ages. Considerable attention has been paid recently to the possible role of deficiency of this vitamin in the development of several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In particular, vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in conditions such as obesity, insulin-resistance, hypertension, diabetes, and an increased risk of death from these pathologies. There is also a significant correlation with mortality for major cardiovascular events such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and peripheral vascular disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms of these correlations are yet to be determined, but hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system seems to play a leading role. The role of therapy with vitamin D supplements in improving cardiovascular outcome in patients with low levels of vitamin D remains to be determined
From proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 to its inhibition: state-of-the-art and clinical implications
Full text linkStatins are recommended as first-line therapy for patients with hypercholesterolaemia. A sizable proportion of patients, however, does not
reach therapeutic goals, is statin intolerant, or, despite optimal statin therapy, is at high risk of ischaemic events. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/
kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a major role in lipid metabolism and several comorbidities. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9 are a new
lipid-lowering approach with the potential to improve clinical outcomes in patients with dyslipidaemia. In this review, we discuss current experimental
and clinical evidence of the role of PCSK9 and its inhibition on lipid metabolism and several pathologic conditions with a focus on
clinical outcomes. A state-of-the-art analysis of current clinical evidence and future directions on PCSK9 and its inhibition is provided
Focus on alirocumab: a PCSK9 antibody to treat hypercholesterolemia
No full textStatin treatment represents the gold standard in the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk. Although statin therapy is generally well tolerated, some patients fail to achieve the target level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or discontinue the treatment for the occurrence of adverse events. In recent years new lipid-modifying agents have been studied to overcome these limitations and to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol plasma levels. Alirocumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, thereby preventing its interaction with low density lipoprotein receptors. Several trials have been conducted in the last few years to evaluate long-term effects of this new molecule on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk
Pulmonary hypertension in thyroid diseases.
No full textThe influence of thyroid hormones on cardiovascular system is well established. Thyroid diseases can effectively enhance the alteration on cardiovascular system by influencing chronotropic and inotropic actions of the heart; altering the strength and the speed of contraction, the speed of relaxation, the duration of the potential of action, and the duration of the refractory period and atrio-ventricular conduction time; modulating circulation and peripheral vascular beds. One of the more intriguing insights in the connection between thyroid diseases and cardiovascular alterations is related to the evaluation of the influence of thyroid hormones on pulmonary vascular beds. Literature reported several studies regarding the association between both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and the occurrence of increased vascular pulmonary arterial pressure. Nevertheless, the pathogenetic mechanisms able to explain such relationship are not fully understood. Many doubts still persist in the comprehension of the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension in thyroid diseases. The aim of this review was to provide possible explanation about the possible interaction between pulmonary vascular beds and thyroid function in order to evaluate the possibility of novel perspectives in the general management of patients suffering from thyroid and cardiovascular diseases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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