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Counterfoundational Histories from Native Brazil On Violence and the Aesthetics of Memory
No full textThis paper examines the ongoing struggle of Guarani-Kaiowá communities in the context of national and nationalist development imperatives and calls for an urgent rethinking of the current and possible relationships between notions of communal belonging, dominant sovereignty, and "progress.
The Narrative of Censorship in Cuban Novels of the 1990s
Get PDFWhile significant attention has been paid to the practices of censorship under the revolutionary Cuban government, little has been written about the way that such censorship has been portrayed by those writers directly affected. My dissertation fills that void by analyzing the thematization of censorship in Cuban novels of the 1990s. Drawing from the 1990s production of four of the most important contemporary Cuban novelists--Jesús Díaz, Leonardo Padura, Pedro Juan Gutiérrez and José Manuel Prieto--I identify the "narrative of censorship" that undergirds each of their novels. This narrative line shows the process of internalization of the norms of censorship, the effects that such internal censorship has on an individual and the struggle through which the individual can eventually overcome it. Its remarkably similar portrayal by each author suggests that censorship, both in the form of external repression and of learned behaviors, continued to be an important factor in Cuban expression during the 1990s. In Chapter 1 I divide the phenomenon of censorship into the two levels of external--repression imposed by official or societal pressures--and internal--the masking impulse that aims to avoid the real or perceived punishment that would follow expression. After the definition of terms and the historical contextualization of that introduction, Chapter 2 illustrates the examples of both external and internal censorship in the novels. In Chapter 3, I show how the limitations surrounding the characters extend to their defective bodies, and how they defy authority by engaging in rebellious physical excess. The narrator-protagonists, generally frustrated artist figures, proceed from physical defiance to a recuperation of their artistic creativity, overcoming the habits of internal censorship, as we see in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 illustrates how the narrative of censorship can be transplanted to a diasporic setting in Cuban protagonists who are far removed from the island. The conclusion, Chapter 6, suggests possibilities for extending this line of research into the Cuban novels of the 21st century.Doctor of Philosoph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gender, Bodies, Sex, Technology: Dismantling Heterosexual Male Subjectivity and Desire in Transnational Film
Get PDFThis dissertation examines subversions of the male gaze in 21st century films from Argentina, Spain, and South Korea--Lucía Puenzo's XXY (2007), Pedro Almodóvar's La piel que habito / The Skin I Live In (2011), and Kim Ki-duk's Time / Sigan (2006). This project begins with the idea that if mainstream cinematic practices create a perspective that "naturalizes" a heterosexual male viewpoint as the universal and the norm, then the specificity of this position may also be used as a starting point to subvert cinematic desire. Using a variety of theoretical frameworks, such as those proposed by Jacques Lacan, Laura Mulvey, Teresa de Lauretis, Barbara Creed, Leon Festinger, John Berger, Robert Stam, and Bernadette Wegenstein, among others, this project explores how different embodied realities, such as the intersexed body, forced gender reassignment surgery, rape, female madness, and cosmetic surgery--address themselves to the heterosexual male viewer in a way that subverts, displaces, or otherwise problematizes this viewer's privileged position.Doctor of Philosoph
Gambling in the Mid-Nineteenth-Century Latin American Social Imaginary
Get PDFEconomic themes appear in many nineteenth-century Latin American narratives, but the representation of gambling and other forms of speculative capitalist commerce, such as investment, trade, and mining, is a largely unexplored area of critical literary analysis. This dissertation examines the depiction of gambling and other games of chance, as well as financially-speculative endeavors, in eight texts from the mid-nineteenth century throughout Hispanic America, including José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi’s El Periquillo Sarniento (1816), Eduardo Gutiérrez’s Juan Moreira (1879), Rosario Orrego’s Alberto el jugador (1860), Teresa González de Fanning’s Regina (1886), Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda’s Sab (1841), Alberto Blest Gana’s Martín Rivas (1862), José Ramón de Betancourt’s Una feria de la caridad en 183… (1841, 1858), and José Milla’s Los Nazarenos (1867). In the four chapters of the dissertation, I analyze four different perspectives on gambling and its repercussions in society as it applies to gender (Chapters 1 and 2), social class (Chapter 3), and the role of the citizen in post-independence Latin American nation states (Chapter 4). The fictional portrayal of the gambler and the description of gambling as either a positive or a negative activity for individuals, families, and the general populace tell the reader not only about game-playing and popular culture, but also about gambling’s deeper significance for writers of the nineteenth century with respect to their societies. By examining how gambling and social roles dialogue with one another, I conclude that focusing on the depiction of this chance-based activity allows us to confront several aspects of the social imaginary of the time: social inequalities, women’s participation and activism, class mobility through risky economic practices, and the construction of the citizen in nation-building narratives.Doctor of Philosoph
Pensar en México sin México: del paradigma intelectual criollo nacional a la re-escritura subalterna de la migración femenina mexicana en Estados Unidos
Get PDFThis dissertation proposes an analysis, from a subaltern studies approach, of representative texts within the category of “creole intellectual” and “creole reason.” Chapter one establishes the notion of “social justice” as the intellectual motivation of this project. Chapter two formulates a subaltern theorical framework that challenges the notions of “national culture” and the “literary field” in Mexico. Chapter three poses a cognitive approach to the personal archive or carnero of creole-mexican Lucas Alamán. Chapter four interrogates the biographical historiography of cultural icon of Mexican literature Ignacio Manuel Altamirano. Chapter five presents an interdisciplinary approach to the social context of production of the novel Perico (1885) by Arcadio Zentella. Chapter six presents the types of “Mexican people” formulated from the “creole reason” of intellectuals Antonio Caso, Samuel Ramos, Octavio Paz, Roger Bartra, and Pedro Ángel Palou. Chapter seven suggests that the Mexican State regulated the ideological content of Mexican film by presenting the case of famous wrestler and film icon El Santo. Chapter eight is a study of the Mexican social novel and its intersection with early Chicano literature. The notion of “creole reason” is inscribed in the project of interrogating the centrality and canonicity of creole intellectual productions that have given ethnic and intellectual legitimacy to the hegemonic idea of national culture. The dissertation, hence, seeks to study and criticize a Mexican intellectual tradition that imagined creole intellectuals as superior to other national collectivities, such as indigenous, afromexican, mestizo groups, and Mexican immigrants in the United States. I define “creole reason” as a historical and ontological narrative expression that places the national “other” in the intellectual margins of the nation state. In these terms, the dissertation is focused on the study of creole intellectuals and their cultural production, from XIX-century creole Lucas Alamán to XXI-century creole Roger Bartra, as evidence of the systemic intellectual discrimination that has shaped intellectual history in Mexico. This study is thus focused on intellectual manifestations that challenge the notion of creole intellectual and creole reason as dystopic nation-building ideologies that have systematically segregated the majority of the nation based on ethnic, class, and historical origins.Doctor of Philosoph
TEXTUALIDADES ORALITEGRÁFICAS Y VISIONES DE CABEZA EN LAS ORALITURAS Y LITERATURAS INDÍGENAS CONTEMPORÁNEAS EN COLOMBIA
Get PDFThis dissertation studies oralitures and literatures written by contemporary indigenous authors in Colombia, from1992 and 2012, by using two main theoretical notions: textualidades oralitegráficas (oralitegraphic textual productions) and visiones de cabeza (upside down visions). The first notion refers to the creative textual confluence of oral communication, literary alphabetic writing, and non-alphabetic graphic writing (e.g. maps, masks and visual representations in weaving). The second notion refers to indigenous literatures challenging non-indigenous institutions, companies, practices and peoples. This dissertation examines texts such as the testimonial narrative of Bericha´s Tengo los pies en la cabeza (1992), the short stories "Esa horrible costumbre de alejarme de ti" (1993) and "Manifiesta no saber firmar" (2006) by, respectively, Vicenta Siosi and Estercilia Simanca, Hugo Jamioy´s poetry book Bínÿbe oboyejuayëng (2005), and Fredy Chikangana´s Samay pisccok pponccopi mushcoypa (2010). This study analyzes the texts not only as independent creations, but also in relationship with other works and broader literary proposals beyond Colombia. Following this approach, links are explored between literary works with systems of visual representation and communication on the one hand, and oral and literary communication on the other hand (as the oralitura project). Developing and applying the notions of visiones de cabeza and textualidades oralitegráficas, this dissertation contributes to the reading of indigenous writers' textual proposals, as well as the understanding of some of their own self-representations and responses to the hegemonic society.Doctor of Philosoph
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