1,721,201 research outputs found
Introduzione. Il lavoro in una prospettiva globale
No full textAgli inizi degli anni Novanta tra gli storici del lavoro europei e statunitensi emerse la consapevolezza della crisi della propria disciplina che, sin dal decennio precedente, aveva iniziato a perdere la centralità che si era guadagnata tra gli anni Sessanta e Settanta. Nessuna nostalgia, ma la semplice constatazione che i cambiamenti storico-culturali in atto e certi fattori contrari, sia esterni che interni, richiedevano uno sforzo di ripensamento teorico capace, quantomeno, di rilanciarla. Da un lato, infatti, i processi di trasformazione economica e politica innescati dal collasso del ‘socialismo reale’, e la crisi dei relativi partiti comunisti e socialisti, facevano venir meno una parte rilevante del terreno ideologico dal quale emergevano i concetti chiave della storia del lavoro tradizionale, a cominciare da quello di classe lavoratrice. Dall’altro lato, e in maniera strettamente connessa, la disciplina stessa si trovava ad affrontare una crisi interna legata al dubbio che il suo oggetto centrale fosse, in un qualche modo, svanito o che si fosse trasformato in maniera così radicale da richiedere nuove chiavi di lettura e nuovi concetti. Più di uno studioso iniziò allora a domandarsi se fosse giunta, se non la fine del lavoro, perlomeno la fine della centralitá sociale del lavoro stesso . Parallelamente, iniziavano ad affacciarsi paradigmi teorici che sottolineavano la crisi del modello di produzione fordista e la graduale smaterializzazione dei processi produttivi con il conseguente sfaldamento della classe lavoratrice, la cognitivizzazione della produzione, la femminilizzazione della manodopera e la precarizzazione delle vite .
E’ sullo sfondo di questo complesso intreccio di cambiamenti e di dibattiti che si puó comprendere la rilevanza dell’opera di Marcel van der Linden, uno degli storici del lavoro più prolifici ed influenti degli ultimi anni, di cui pubblichiamo qui, per la prima volta in italiano, alcuni testi recent
Gender Gap in Scientific Publications on COVID-19 in Italy During the First Wave of the Pandemic: An Observational Study
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Worldwide, concerns rise on how COVID-19 pandemic impacted heavily on women, even on those belonging to the scientific community. The Italian scientific production regarding the COVID-19 throughout the first months of the health emergency could help to understand the heft of female researchers in this unique period. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the gender gap in the scientific production on COVID-19 in Italy during the first months of the pandemic. METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was conducted and, for each included study, first and last author's gender, type of study, number of co-authors, type of affiliation, journal's Impact Factor (IF) and specialization were extracted. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: 22.2% of the articles were signed by a woman as first author, 18.1% as last authors. Female authorship was less frequent than male authorship regardless of the type of study, number of co-authors, type of affiliation and field of specialization. CONCLUSION: This analysis reveal a low prevalence of studies with a female first or last author and suggests that the low share of female authors publishing on COVID-19 during the considered timespan is a transversal issue throughout the Italian medical field
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Systematic reviews and meta-analysis of clinical trials
No full text- To understand what meta-analyses and systematic reviews are, why we should use them, and how to interpret their results.
- To describe the practical steps of doing a meta-analysis.
- To show some examples of meta-analyses in public health research.
- To discuss meta-analysis conceptual and statistical limitations
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Emergency Department Overcrowding. A Retrospective Spatial Analysis and the Geocoding of Accesses. A Pilot Study in Rome
Full text linkThe overcrowding of first aid facilities creates considerable hardship and problems which
have repercussions on patients’ wellbeing, the time needed for a diagnosis, and on the quality of
the assistance. The basic objective of this contribution, based on the data collected by the Hospital
Policlinico Umberto I in Rome (Lazio region, Italy), is to carry out a territorial screening of
the municipality using GIS applications and spatial analyses aimed at reducing—in terms of
triage—code white (inappropriate) attendances, after having identified the areas of greatest provenance
of improperly used emergency room access. Working in a GIS environment and using functions for
geocoding, we have tested an experimental model aimed at giving a close-up geographical-sanitary
look at the situation: recognizing the territorial sectors in Rome which contribute to amplifying
the Policlinico Umberto I emergency room overcrowding; leading up to an improvement of
the situation; promoting greater awareness and knowledge of the services available on the territory,
a closer relationship between patient and regular doctor (general practitioner, GP) or Local Healthcare
Unit and a more efficient functioning of the emergency room. In particular, we have elaborated
a “source” map from which derive all the others and it is a dot map on which all the codes white have
been geolocalized on a satellite image through geocoding. We have produced three sets made up
of three digital cartographic elaborations each, constructed on the census sections, the census areas
and the sub-municipal areas, according to data aggregation, for absolute and relative values, and
using different templates. Finally, following the same methodology and steps, we elaborated another
dot map about all the codes red to provide another kind of information and input for social utility.
In the near future, this system could be tested on a platform that spatially analyzes the emergency
department (ED) accesses in near-real-time in order to facilitate the identification of critical territorial
issues and intervene in a shorter time to regulate the influx of patients to the ED
Structural control and rheological properties of the Hydrotermal mineralization: a case of a mineralized mafic dyke outcropping near Lula. Sardinia. Italy
No full text- …
