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    An immunodiffusion assay for detection of canine leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum.

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    An immunodiffusion assay (IDA) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was tested for usefulness as diagnostic test for canine leishmaniasis (CL). A comparative analysis of dog sera was made using IDA with PEG, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Fourty-four dogs from Italy with CL (endemic dogs) and eight Dutch dogs with CL contracted in South Europe (expatriate dogs) were tested together with 40 endemic and 35 expatriate controls. Specificity did not differ substantially among the serotests, ELISA in endemic dogs being the least specific (mean specificity given in IFA, IDA and ELISA, 100%, 98% and 93.5%, respectively). Sensitivity in expatriate dogs was 100% for all serotests but was highly variable in endemic dogs. In parasite-negative dogs, IFA had the most sensitivity, i.e., 80.5% compared to 69% for both ELISA and IDA. In contrast, ELISA in parasite-positive endemic dogs had a sensitivity of 100% whereas both IFA and IDA gave a sensitivity of 93%. Despite its slightly lesser sensitivity than IFA or ELISA (2-6% and 5% respectively) in endemically infected dogs, IDA with PEG method may help to bring the diagnosis of CL within reach of the veterinary practitioner

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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