1,720,960 research outputs found
Unsupervised inference models for structural and functional properties of protein sequences
Get PDFL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
What drives the Social Bond Premium? Evidence from certification and use of proceeds analysis
No full textThe study investigates the Social Bond Premium (S-Premium), defined as the difference in Asset Swap Spreads (ASS) between Social Bonds (SBs) and comparable conventional bonds. Using a dataset of 163 SBs, the research employs Pooled OLS regressions with clustered standard errors to examine the determinants of the S-Premium. The findings show that ICMA Certifications and Second Party Opinions (SPOs) are associated with a more pronounced S-Premium, indicating that external validation enhances investor confidence. Additionally, the Use of Proceeds (UoP) categories influence the S-Premium, with bonds financing clearly defined social projects exhibiting stronger pricing effects. This study highlights how certifications, issuer characteristics, and the specificity of funded projects shape investor perceptions in the Social Bond market, contributing to the broader understanding of the motivation that drives the subscription of such instruments
Unveiling the Greenium: Factors and Impact of Green Bonds in a Sustainable Finance Landscape
No full textThe study examines the premium associated with Green Bonds, known as Greenium, through the analysis of 264 Green Bonds
from an international dataset covering the period from October 23, 2019, to March 1, 2023. Utilizing double-stage
regression,
the research identifies key factors affecting the Greenium, such as issuer credit ratings, transparency, adherence to International
Capital Market Association norms, and the types of environmental projects financed. It reveals a Greenium of −57 basis points
(bps) and highlights how bond features and financed projects influence investor returns and issuer costs. The paper emphasizes
the critical role of transparency in reducing greenwashing risk, thus boosting investor confidence in Green Bonds. Moreover,
the study analyzes the influence of significant global events such as the COVID-19
pandemic and Ukraine war, finding no direct
impacts on the premium. The paper enriches the existing literature and contributes to academic debate by enhancing understanding
of how market variables and global events influence the sustainable bond market. It also provides useful contributions
for managers and policy makers regarding the characteristics that bonds, both private and government, must have to meet the
market's interest and effectively pursue the ecological transition objectives for which they are issued. In this regard, the findings
highlight the significance of certifications and international standards to increase investor awareness, mitigate informational
asymmetries, and improve the quality of bonds
The impact of sustainability-oriented practices on banking efficiency. An analysis through DEA model
No full textThis chapter assesses the impact of sustainability practices on banking efficiency using methods of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and panel data. It finds evidence that governance and social practices enhance operating performance, but environmental initiatives have upfront costs, causing the economic benefits to accrue only slowly. This chapter highlights the need for a strategic approach to sustainability, improving, therefore, efficiency
Enhancing Circular Practices in Olive Oil Production: The Role of Green Finance
No full textThe production process of extra virgin olive oil, which is a strategic asset of the Italian agrifood sector, can be innovated in its impact on the environment, according to a dual approach: (a) with a view to a circular economy, acting on the waste it produces, either correctly disposing of it or effectively reusing it, and (b) with a view to emissions, reducing the carbon footprint that it generates, starting from the supply chain. This dual approach, clearly contributing to the circular economy paradigm and the achievement of a zero-emission economy, requires the sector to make significant investments in technological innovation. To this end, this study highlights the importance of the financial resources that can be obtained either through financial intermediaries, in particular banks, now able to provide green loans with a positive environmental impact, or through the financial markets and the use of securities issues, such as green bonds
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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