1,721,009 research outputs found
Health and sustainability: New gender perspectives
No full textAbstract: - European health systems face important challenges related to the sustainability of health care, both
from an economic point of view and in relation to the quality of health services provided in terms of continuous
improvement of effectiveness, safety, clinical and organisational appropriateness. The ability of EU Member
States to continue to provide high quality care to all, whatever their biological and socio-cultural characteristics,
depends on their health systems becoming more sustainable. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen health
promotion and disease prevention, to invest in primary care systems, to move health care out of the hospital and
into more accessible ambulatory and domestic care, and to develop integrated care practices.
Starting from these premises, the aim of this paper is to present a narrative overview of the main aspects related
to Gender Medicine and its evolution over time. Our critical overview is, therefore, aimed at providing a general
picture of what has been developed by health systems on Gender Medicine, with a particular focus on the
relationship between social sustainability and Gender Medicine.
To achieve our goal, we carry out a systematic literature review in order to understand what has been developed
so far in the area and to highlight the possible evolution of studies in the field and to strengthen the awareness of
the importance of encouraging prevention, training and information programs shared with hospitals, institutions,
health professionals and patient associations.
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is among the first studies that investigate through a systematic literature
review the phenomenon of gender medicine, especially with reference to the sustainability of the health care
system. Although our analysis needs further investigation, due to the fact that the topic is not yet fully mature,
our initial and preliminary results underline the importance of further investigating gender diversity and assessing
the possibility of promoting a clinical pathway to personalised treatment. In fact, only through a “gender
medicine” approach it is possible to guarantee a real right to health and an effective personalisation of treatments,
thus reinforcing the concept of patient focussed care and contributing to the sustainability of the whole health
system
Homo Academicus
No full textPuò il sociologo giungere a una comprensione oggettiva del mondo sociale al quale appartiene? È questa la questione epistemologica che Pierre Bourdieu pone al centro della sua riflessione sul sistema accademico a cui egli stesso è legato. In questo libro tenta di superare una visione parziale e «interessata» della realtà universitaria, tipica della polemica ad hominem. Costruisce il suo oggetto di studio in una rete di relazioni, che definisce «campo», e usa una tecnica d’indagine scientifica che oggettivizza lo spazio delle posizioni accademiche in termini di potere. L’università, quindi, appare simile a una struttura relazionale in cui i docenti, differenziati per risorse e caratteristiche sociali, si scontrano per trasformare i rapporti di forza o per mantenere lo status quo. Bourdieu ci consegna un’immagine e soprattutto una strumentazione scientifica per comprendere l’accademia italiana, in particolare le dinamiche interne che muovono carriere e poteri
Service or market logic? The restructuring of the tertiary education system in Italy
Full text linkDrawing on a combination of research methods, this paper focuses on the issue of choice in higher education, looking in particular at «guidance practices» and how they influence the reproduction/reduction of inequality. Two aspects of the logic behind guidance practices come to light from data analysis. First, we have identified certain guidance practices associated with public universities that have high symbolic capital. Such universities commonly organize summer schools for selected high-flying students who have been particularly successful during their secondary school years. Second, we observe guidance practices based on the logic of marketing, where students are treated mainly as customers.
The main message in this case is centred on the supply of services (presented through fairs, open days, campus visits, etc). These activities are not driven by students’ needs but rather by the interests of the organizations that consider their prestige as the main parameter of success. In the field of guidance as a market, «public interests», «commercial goals» and private «interests» are often intertwined. Market and service logic thus represent different strategies in the university field. On the one hand, they operate in a sphere of structural and symbolic differences (private/public universities, Northern/Southern universities). On the other hand, they produce effects that not only reinforce pre-existing structural hierarchies but also symbolic ones
Micropolitics of School Innovation: Recruiting, Mobilizing and Converting Teachers
Full text linkDrawing on a mixed method research, this paper deals with teaching and technological innovation policies in the field of education, focusing on the implementation of the “Digital Agenda” in Sardinian schools from 2012 to 2015. Following Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory (1984; 1989) and S. Ball’s micro-political perspectives on the analyses of social processes within schools, this article aims to highlight the mobilization of teachers as policy actors i.e. as groups who help to convey and disseminate the meanings and concepts that define the policy and its moral and political objectives. In particular, we should like to emphasize three emerging dimensions of teacher commitment in the digital project: conversion, implying the acceptance of an ensemble of beliefs; mobilisation, implying the commitment to collective or organizational actions; materiality, implying a new material order that conveys a new logic of things
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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