1,720,957 research outputs found
Randomized controlled trial about effectiveness of personalized treatment of balance disorders in multiple sclerosis: integration of visual, proprioceptive and vestibular component
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Brain reorganization following upper limb motor rehabilitation in patients with multiple sclerosis
No full textBackground: Motor rehabilitation has the target to maintain the residual capacities of the affected individuals to the highest possible level. Consistent data on its efficacy on functional brain reorganization are lacking. Brain adaptation is demonstrated to occur following damage in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), and an efficient motor rehabilitation might interfere with this process.
Aims: In this work, we investigated the effects of upper limb motor improvements due to a rehabilitative treatment on possible changes in brain activity patterns in PwMS.
Methods: Thirty PwMS were included in this study and received an active (AMT group, 15 patients) or passive motor rehabilitation treatment (PMT group, 15 patients). AMT and PMT groups underwent 20 one-hour treatment sessions, three times a week. The AMT group underwent a rehabilitative treatment based on voluntary task-oriented exercises with the overall goal to improve activities of daily living. Conversely, the PMT group was treated with passive mobilization of the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand of both limbs. Before and after the treatment, each patient was evaluated by standard evaluation protocols for upper limb motor performance and a sensor-engineered glove to quantify finger motor performance accuracy. In the same sessions, brain activity was investigated by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during sequences of finger opposition movements with the right hand following a metronome tone set at 2 Hz; concomitant motor performance was recorded by an MR-compatible engineered glove.
Results: Unimanual finger motor performance significantly improved in both groups as an effect of motor rehabilitation. At baseline, during right hand movements both groups activated the left sensorimotor areas, cerebellum bilaterally, and right frontal and parietal areas. After the treatment, fMRI showed a reduction of activation in the left sensorimotor areas and right supplementary motor area (areas not activated in healthy subjects for the same task and thought to be ‘compensatory’) in the AMT but not in the PMT group. In particular, the AMT group showed activations only in the left hemisphere (BA 3, 4, 6, 40), while in the PMT group activations in the right BA 6 and left cerebellum were also found.
Conclusions: We can conclude that a greater benefit seems to be induced by the active motor treatment, which was found to reduce brain resource demand, normally altered by the disease course
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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