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Évaluation d'une stratégie de prise en charge simplifiée de la malnutrition aiguë chez des enfants de 6 à 59 mois en Afrique Sub-saharienne dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche co-construit entre humanitaires et chercheurs
No full textAcute malnutrition (AM) is a major public health concern, affecting 45 million children under 5 years of age. It is an underlying cause of 800,000 deaths each year. Existing treatment protocols, while effective, suffer from insufficient funding and limited coverage. Furthermore, these protocols, divided into two programmes for severe and moderate acute malnourished children, are complex to put in place and use different treatments with sub-optimal dosages. In response to these challenges, the non-governmental organisation (NGO) The Alliance for medical action (ALIMA) has developed the « Optimising treatment for acute malnutrition » (OptiMA) protocol. The OptiMA aims to treat any children presenting Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)37.5°) and MUAC≥125 mm and no oedema for two consecutive weeks. Between 31 March and 23 December 2021, 1,732 children with MUAC 37,5°), absence d'œdèmes et PB≥125 mm pendant deux semaines consécutives. Entre le 31 mars et le 23 décembre 2021, 1 732 enfants avec PB <125 mm ou œdèmes et 1 140 enfants présentant un PB <115 mm ou des œdèmes ont été randomisés (1 :1 :1). Les résultats n’ont pas démontré la non-infériorité pour les critères de jugement mais les trajectoires de gains de poids et de PB similaires 6 mois post randomisation dans les 3 bras suggèrent que la réduction progressive de la supplémentation n'a pas eu d'impact négatif sur la croissance de l’enfant, même les plus vulnérables, alors que 40 % d'enfants supplémentaires pourraient être traités sans que le coût des ATPE n'augmente. Dans cet essai mené au Niger, bien que la non-infériorité (ITT et PP) pour les critères de jugement n'ait pas été démontrée, les gains de poids et de PB similaires 6 mois post randomisation dans les bras ComPAS et contrôle suggèrent que la réduction de la ration de supplémentation (…
Evaluation of a simplified management strategy for acute malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months in sub-Saharan Africa, as part of a research programme developed jointly by humanitarian workers and researchers.
No full textLa malnutrition aiguë (MA) est un défi mondial, touchant 45 millions d'enfants de moins de 5 ans et est une cause sous-jacente de 800 000 décès annuels. Les protocoles de prise en charge, bien que efficaces, souffrent d'un financement insuffisant et d'une couverture limitée. Ces protocoles divisés en deux programmes pour les enfants malnutris aigus sévères et modérés sont complexes et utilisent des traitements différents avec des dosages non optimaux. Pour répondre à ces défis, l’organisation non gouvernementale (ONG) « The Alliance for International medical action » (ALIMA) a développé le protocole « the Optimizing treatment for acute malnutrition » (OptiMA) visant à traiter tous les enfants présentant un Périmètre Brachial (PB) 37,5°), absence d'œdèmes et PB≥125 mm pendant deux semaines consécutives. Entre le 31 mars et le 23 décembre 2021, 1 732 enfants avec PB 37.5°) and MUAC≥125 mm and no oedema for two consecutive weeks. Between 31 March and 23 December 2021, 1,732 children with MUAC <125 mm or oedema and 1,140 children with MUAC <115 mm or oedema were randomized (1:1:1). The findings did not demonstrate non-inferiority for any of the main outcomes, but the similar weight and MUAC gains trajectories 6 months post-randomization in the 3 arms suggest that the progressive reduction in supplementation did not have a negative impact on growth, even for the most vulnerable children, whereas 40% more children could be treated without increasing the cost of RUTFs. These trials have provided scientific evidence needed to scale up simplified protocols in emergency health setting. The CORAL consortium demonstrated its strength through the implementation of individually randomized clinical trials conducted rigorously in complex areas
Évaluation d'une stratégie de prise en charge simplifiée de la malnutrition aiguë chez des enfants de 6 à 59 mois en Afrique Sub-saharienne dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche co-construit entre humanitaires et chercheurs
No full textAcute malnutrition (AM) is a major public health concern, affecting 45 million children under 5 years of age. It is an underlying cause of 800,000 deaths each year. Existing treatment protocols, while effective, suffer from insufficient funding and limited coverage. Furthermore, these protocols, divided into two programmes for severe and moderate acute malnourished children, are complex to put in place and use different treatments with sub-optimal dosages. In response to these challenges, the non-governmental organisation (NGO) The Alliance for medical action (ALIMA) has developed the « Optimising treatment for acute malnutrition » (OptiMA) protocol. The OptiMA aims to treat any children presenting Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)37.5°) and MUAC≥125 mm and no oedema for two consecutive weeks. Between 31 March and 23 December 2021, 1,732 children with MUAC 37,5°), absence d'œdèmes et PB≥125 mm pendant deux semaines consécutives. Entre le 31 mars et le 23 décembre 2021, 1 732 enfants avec PB <125 mm ou œdèmes et 1 140 enfants présentant un PB <115 mm ou des œdèmes ont été randomisés (1 :1 :1). Les résultats n’ont pas démontré la non-infériorité pour les critères de jugement mais les trajectoires de gains de poids et de PB similaires 6 mois post randomisation dans les 3 bras suggèrent que la réduction progressive de la supplémentation n'a pas eu d'impact négatif sur la croissance de l’enfant, même les plus vulnérables, alors que 40 % d'enfants supplémentaires pourraient être traités sans que le coût des ATPE n'augmente. Dans cet essai mené au Niger, bien que la non-infériorité (ITT et PP) pour les critères de jugement n'ait pas été démontrée, les gains de poids et de PB similaires 6 mois post randomisation dans les bras ComPAS et contrôle suggèrent que la réduction de la ration de supplémentation (…
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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