581 research outputs found
AMPIEZZA DELLA DISTRIBUZIONE ERITROCITARIA IN CANI CON MALATTIA DEGENERATIVA CRONICA VALVOLARE
No full textBackground: Increased red cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with adverse outcome in human patients with heart failure (HF), moreover RDW is a powerful prognostic marker in heart failure.
Hypothesis: RDW can be increased in dogs with chronic degenerative valvular disease (CDVD) with compensated or decompensated HF.
Animals: 294 dogs were included in the study; they were classified as control group (25 dogs, healthy), CDVD group (139 dogs, which dogs were 91 with compensated HF [ISACHC class 1a and 1b] and 48 with decompensated HF [ISACHC class 2 and 3]), other diseases without CDVD group (130 dogs).
Methods: Retrospective, case control study. The RDW was measured with an automated CBC analyzer and results were compared between groups.
Results: The median (range) level of RDW in dogs with CDVD, 13.0% (11.0-18.4%), was not significantly different compared either to that of healthy dogs, 12.9% (11.8-14.5%), and that of dogs with other diseases without CDVD, 13.3% (11.0-22.6%). The RDW level of dogs with CDVD and compensated HF, 12.9% (11.0-18.4%), was not significantly different to that of dogs with CDVD and decompensated HF, 13.1% (11.3-15.8%). The RDW level was positively but weakly correlated with urea levels (correlation coefficient = 0.137, P = 0.019). The RDW level was significantly but weakly, negatively correlated with hematocrit (correlation coefficient = -.278, P<.001) and hemoglobin concentration (correlation coefficient = -.280, P<.001), and significantly but weakly correlated with serum urea (correlation coefficient = .137, P = .019). No correlation was found between the RDW level and echocardiographic indices of CDVD severity.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The RDW is not increased in dogs with CDVD and is not correlated with echocardiographic indices of valvular disease severity. The prognostic significance of RDW in dogs with CDVD merits further investigation.Contesto: In medicina umana alti livelli di ampiezza della distribuzione eritrocitaria (dall’inglese “red distribution width”, RDW) sono stati associati a maggiori tassi di morbilità e mortalità in soggetti con insufficienza cardiaca (IC), inoltre è stato dimostrato che tale indice eritrocitario assume valore prognostico in pazienti affetti da IC.
Ipotesi: I livelli di RDW possono aumentare in corso di malattia degenerativa cronica valvolare (MDCV) del cane, sia con IC compensata che con IC scompensata.
Animali: Nello studio sono stati inclusi 294 animali, rispettivamente suddivisi in tre gruppi: di controllo (n= 25 cani), affetti da MDCV (n= 139 cani, di cui 91 con IC compensata [classe ISACHC 1a e 1 b] e 48 con IC scompensata [classe ISACHC 2 e 3]), affetti da altre patologie ma non da MDCV (n= 130 cani).
Materiali e metodi: Si tratta di uno studio retrospettivo che ha previsto in tutti gli animali la valutazione clinica più l’esecuzione di un profilo ematobiochimico completo; per il gruppo degli animali con MDCV e per il gruppo di cani sani è stato eseguito inoltre un esame ecocardiografico completo.
Risultati: La mediana dei valori dell’RDW dei cani affetti da MDCV (13,0%; range 11,0-18,4%) non è statisticamente differente rispetto a quella dei cani del gruppo di controllo (12,9%; range 11,8-14,5%), e a quella del gruppo di cani affetti da altre patologie ma non da MDCV (13,3%; range 11,0-22,6%). All’interno del gruppo di cani affetti da MDCV, il livello dell’RDW dei cani con IC compensata (12,9%; range 11,0-18,4%) non ha differenze statisticamente significative se paragonato con quello dei cani con IC scompensata (13,1%; range 11,3-15,8%). I livelli di RDW sono statisticamente e positivamente correlati con l’urea, ma in maniera debole (coefficiente di correlazione = 0,137, P = 0,019), mentre sono correlati statisticamente ma debolmente e negativamente con l’ematocrito (coefficiente di correlazione = -0,278, P<0,001) e con la concentrazione emoglobinica (coefficiente di correlazione =-0,280, P<0,001). Non c’è alcuna correlazione tra il livello di RDW ed i parametri ecocardiografici indicatori di gravità di MDCV.
Conclusioni: I valori normali l’RDW non presentano innalzamenti nei cani con MDCV, se messi a confronto con i valori di cani sani e di cani affetti da altre patologie ma non da MDCV. Se si vorrà valutare il possibile valore prognostico dell’RDW in caso di MDCV nel cane, saranno necessari ulteriori studi
Imaging diagnosis-cerebellar displacement and spina bifida in a calf
No full textHerein, we describe a calf affected by cerebellar displacement and spina bifida, diagnosed by ultrasonography. A full-term, newborn female calf with paralysis of the pelvic limbs was examined. The dorsal skin at the sacral level contained a circular defect; this was subsequently diagnosed as spina bifida. Cerebellar displacement into the cervical vertebral canal was suspected because of the frequent association of these anomalies. Spinal ultrasound examination carried out at the level of the craniocervical junction allowed identification of herniation of the cerebellum, the caudal part of brain stem, and part of an occipital lobe into the cervical vertebral canal. The ultrasonographic diagnosis was confirmed as post mortem examination. This type of brain defect, associated with spina bifida, resembles the Arnold-Chiari malformation in humans
Spina bifida nel vitello: descrizione di sette casi
No full textNel presente lavoro gli autori descrivono sette casi di vitelli affetti da spina bifida, complicata, in sei episodi, da sindrome di Chiari. L’invio dei vitelli a strutture diagnostiche era stato motivato da un evidente dismorfismo scheletrico a livello lombosacrale e dall’impossibilità ad assumere la stazione quadrupedale. La spina bifida risultava essere localizzata in tutti i casi a livello lombosacrale; la diagnosi clinica veniva confermata radiograficamente e con l’esame autoptico. In questa sede, poi, veniva evidenziata la malformazione riconducibile alla cosiddetta sindrome di Chiari.
Summary
In the present study, the Authors describe 7 cases of calves with spina bifida, complicated, in 6 cases, by Chiari syndrome. The fact that the calves were sent to diagnostic facilities was motivated by the evident skeletal dysmorphism at the lumbosacral level and by the impossibility of assuming a quadrupedal stance. The spina bifida was located at the lumbosacral level in all the cases; the clinical diagnosis was confirmed radiographically and by an autoptic exam. The malformation referable to Chiari syndrome was also present at this site
Il ruolo della realtà virtuale nella pianificazione degli interventi di chirurgia ortopedica
No full textSevere raltegravir-associated rhabdomyolysis: a case report and review of the literature
No full textRaltegravir (RAL), an HIV integrase inhibitor, may uncommonly induce an increase of serum creatine kinase (CK) both in naïve and antiretroviral (ARV)-experienced HIV-positive patients. We report the case of severe rhabdomyolysis requiring hospitalization in an ARV-experienced HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patient treated with a RAL-containing drug regimen. Factors favouring a severe clinical occurrence of RAL-induced rhabdomyolysis from cases reported in literature are described
Imaging diagnosis-ultrasonographic diagnosis of diplomyelia in a calf
No full textWe describe the ultrasonographic diagnosis of diplomyelia in a 40-day-old calf. The acoustic window was the lumbosacral junction, which, in cattle, corresponds to the L6-S1 intervertebral space and enables the evaluation of approximately 1 cm of the length of the spinal cord. Despite this limited length, this acoustic window yields good anatomic details and can be helpful in assessing anomalies of the caudal aspect of the spinal cord
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