14 research outputs found
Deep Learning and Support Vector Machine Algorithms Applied for Fault Detection in Electrical Power Transmission Network
No full textIn this paper, an interesting application of machine learning algorithms is presented. The main idea consists of applying both deep-learning and support vector machine supervised machine learning approaches to improve the quality and to guarantee the stability and the reliability of an electric power transmission system. These techniques are used mainly to detect, classify, and consequently locate faults in the electric power transmission network. To test the performance of the proposed techniques, the standard IEEE 14-bus power system is used. The fault free, the one fault and the multiple fault cases are investigated. Faults are applied to the IEEE 14-bus system and simulated using SimPowerSystems toolbox of Matlab. The accuracy score is used to compare the proposed techniques performances. Different results proved that studied machine learning methods made correct predictions. Nevertheless, the deep learning algorithm performances are proved while classifying all types of faults. Simulation results demonstrate that the deep learning technique can achieve an accuracy of 100% compared to the support vector machine which had an accuracy of 87%. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.udemauteur: Azeddine Kaddour
The effect of wetting on the relative permeability behavior and oil recovery
No full textOil is one of the major contributors to energy consumption. Oil reserves are expressed as the total amount of economically and technically producible oil. Total oil consumption is increasing (per capita it remains more or less the same) but it has no unambiguous influence on the remaining reserves due to new discoveries. However, increasingly sophisticated recovery methods are used to produce oil i.e. enhanced oil recovery methods. A recently proposed enhanced oil recovery method is by injection of low-salinity water in completely oil-wet reservoirs, which leads to more water-wet behavior and “consequently” to improved oil recovery.This report will focus on the effect of wettability on the recovery efficiency. Based on the papers by Lomeland, Ebeltoft and Thomas we derive so-called LET relative permeability curves that only depend on irreducible water saturation. This is possible by using the irreducible water saturation dependence of the residual oil saturation, end point relative water permeability and the sketched behavior (Lomeland, Ebeltoft and Thomas) of the other six parameters. Admittedly this is a gross simplification, but it grasps the essence of the relative permeability behavior and makes it possible to study the recovery in terms of two parameters viz. the irreducible water saturation and viscosity ratio as opposed to eight relative permeability parameters and the viscosity ratio. High irreducible water saturation is both indicative of pore size heterogeneity and water-wet behavior. We use the theory of Buckley-Leverett to construct recovery curves for 1D and 2D displacement and various mobility (M = displacing fluid mobility / displaced fluid mobility) ratios. We solve the 1-D equations both analytically (using fractional flow theory) and numerically. For the numerical simulations in 1D and 2D we use COMSOL 5.2©. The simulations show that water-wet behavior is conducive to stable displacement, however, low recovery at breakthrough, whereas intermediate oil-wet behavior is more unstable but conducive to high ultimate recoveries. Completely oil-wet behavior leads to less stable displacement and low ultimate recoveries.Applied Earth Science
Drag Reduction in Turbulent Flows by Polymers and Surfactants: An Experimental Study Into the Mechanisms of Drag Reduction by Additives
No full textIn 1949, Toms (Toms B.A., (1949, 1977)) observed that small amounts of a drag reducing agent (DRA) could cause a considerable drag reduction in turbulent pipe flow. In application of polymer enhanced oil recovery, degradation of polymers in the supply lead could cause clogging. It was, however observed that surfactants at sufficiently high concentration also showed drag reduction without the problem clogging. A DRA reduces the energy loss by friction and unstable flow, thus improving injection throughput with the same pressure pump and thereby reducing the exergetic pumping costs. This study investigates experimentally the drag reducing capacity of surfactants and compares it to the drag reducing capacity of polymers.For the experiment, a set-up consisting of a pump, a coiled test tube with a length of 1.48 m and an inner diameter of 0.5 mm and pressure gauges is built. The diameter of the coil is 12.5 cm. We use a pump capable of injection up to 200 ml/min. The pressure drop is measured between the entrance and end of the tube. The injection rate is varied between 1 and 200 ml/min, roughly corresponding to Reynolds numbers between 50 and 10,000. The additives are dissolved in brine with a 33,000 ppm salt concentration. The viscosity of the solution is dependent on the concentration of the DRA. The ratio of the measured pressure drop with only brine and the pressure drop with the DRA solution was used to calculate the drag reduction (DR) factor, as from a technical point of view we are only interested whether adding DRA reduces the drag with respect to the original brine solution. From an academic point of view, we remark that for low concentrations the viscosity enhancement due to the presence of the DRA is negligible. As polymers we use xanthan (a biopolymer), and a synthetic emulsion polymer based on polyacrylamide. Maximum DR factors are 23% for xanthan at 90ppm and 32% at 90ppm for the synthetic emulsion polymer. DR only occurs at turbulent conditions.Three types of surfactants, each from a different branch of surfactants are used in this study. The surfactants used are AOS {훼-Olefin Sulfonate}, CTAB {hexadeCylTrimethylAmmonium Bromide} and APG {Alkyl PolyGlucoside} which are a cationic, anionic and a nonionic surfactant respectively. The surfactants did not show any DR at (for DRA applications) high concentrations up to 20.000ppm. Addition of Sodium Salicylate (NaSaL) to CTAB with a 1:1 ratio led to a maximum DR of 33% at 2500 ppm concentration.Several pressure gauges have been installed along the test tube in order to observe how the pressure drops along the tube, how the DRAs affect these pressure drops and at what location of the test tube the DR factor is the highest. It is found that xanthan has the same DR factor at each location of the test tube, the emulsion polymer has a decreasing DR factor as the distance from the inlet of the test tube increases and the CTAB+NaSaL DRA has an increasing DR factor as the distance from the inlet increases.The DRAs are sheared using a constriction in the flow loop while the degradation is monitored. It is observed that xanthan is less susceptible to degradation in comparison to the emulsion polymer due to its more rigid chemical structure. But xanthan and the emulsion polymer would be inefficient to use in looped flow systems as they are affected by degradation. The CTAB+NaSaL DRA on the other hand shows no degradation meaning that the micellar rod-like structures that give the DR effect are being repaired when the shear force is being removed. However, for surfactants higher concentrations (1000-2500 ppm) are required.Petroleum Engineering and Geo-science
Transnationality, Mobile Identity, and Cultural Dislocation in Rabih Alameddine’s I, the Divine (2002)
No full textInspired by diasporic philosophy, conception, and avidity, Anglophone diasporic authors—such as Rabih Alameddine, a prolific Arab American author recognized for his bold yet creative narratives—have foregrounded heterogeneity, post-nationality, and cross-pollination, as approaches to contest essentialist national identifications and reductionist ethnic ideologies. Equally, diaspora literary criticism emphasizes the importance of border crossings and transnational movements, exemplified in diasporic narratives, prompting a re-evaluation of understandings and mindsets. Drawing on this theoretical premise, this article explores themes of traveling identity and transnational belonging, by meticulously analyzing instances from Rabih Alameddine’s I, the Divine (2002). It also unearths personal and cultural dislocation embodied in the protagonist’s disjointed life narrative, the lack of a central plot, and the uncertainty of claiming an irrevocable belief in belonging to a fixed abode. It concludes that the approach of belonging, the novel advocates, aligns with the postmodernist diasporic view, based on revisiting outdated assumptions of cultural identity and welcoming, instead, hybridity and post-ethnicity, which complicates the fixity of home and the pre-givenness of identity
Bilateral Central Core and an External Envelope and its Impact on the Thermal Behaviour of Individual Self-construction Housing in the City of Biskra
No full textAbstractThe essence of architectural design rests upon in kind of manipulation between dualism central core and external envelope of any architectural composition; there are some compositions that are concerned with the external envelope,while other compositions the outer shell is result of the interned division. Besides there are other compositions that blend the central core and the external envelope in a harmonious dialogue. This combination between central core and the external envelope touch this diversity in houses of Biskra city through different periods of time to create a comfortable thermal environment.The dry areas, which are distributed on a large scale over the space of Algeria, characterized by climate is hot and dry. We found Morphological diversity in houses of this region that reflects primarily adaptation to climatic conditions, social and economic through different periods.In our research, we depend on the experimental method through digital simulation technology program ECOTECT to calculate data, for various thermal models. in addition in the selection of network studied models we adopted to the variables morphology of both core and the external envelope of the dwelling which are: 1) the oceanic layer, 2) type of the core 3) type of the external envelope. Then we calculated the temperature of various houses layers to make comparisons between various layers and various models.The results of this study came to show the laws that control heat in the atmosphere and that is affected by alphabet elements of local architecture of Biskra region. These laws allow the architect to manipulate to these elements to search for improved thermal yield of the building and control of energy consumption in the range of what is available to him
Hotel Architecture in the French Colonization Era; The Case of Biskra City, Algeria
No full textOften quoted as the queen of an oasian region, namely the Zibans, Biskra, a southern Algerian city, was a famous winter station renowned for its tourist character during the French colonization (1830-1962). This stimulated the colonizing authorities to build several hospitality buildings, the largest of which were edified using imported constructive techniques, but with local constructive materials and several local spatial organizations and regional decorative motives. In continuation of previous research work carried out by the first author of this article, this study aims to analyse and classify Biskra’s main hotels to draw up an architectural typology using Philippe Panerai’s method. As a result, four models were identified within the corpus of the study, including seven (7) hotels. Its findings could be considered as strong, helpful support for future research in the field of architectural heritage, regardless of building typology, as well as an appropriate database for the heritage buildings’ practical preservation. Moreover, such research work should inform about other various underrated and misjudged heritage buildings dating from the colonial era in Algeria
Collected Papers (on Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics), Volume XI
No full textThis eleventh volume of Collected Papers includes 90 papers comprising 988 pages on Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics, written between 2001-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 84 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 19 countries: Abhijit Saha, Abu Sufian, Jack Allen, Shahbaz Ali, Ali Safaa Sadiq, Aliya Fahmi, Atiqa Fakhar, Atiqa Firdous, Sukanto Bhattacharya, Robert N. Boyd, Victor Chang, Victor Christianto, V. Christy, Dao The Son, Debjit Dutta, Azeddine Elhassouny, Fazal Ghani, Fazli Amin, Anirudha Ghosha, Nasruddin Hassan, Hoang Viet Long, Jhulaneswar Baidya, Jin Kim, Jun Ye, Darjan Karabašević, Vasilios N. Katsikis, Ieva Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, F. Kaymarm, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Madad Khan, Qaisar Khan, M. Khoshnevisan, Kifayat Ullah,, Volodymyr Krasnoholovets, Mukesh Kumar, Le Hoang Son, Luong Thi Hong Lan, Tahir Mahmood, Mahmoud Ismail, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Siti Nurul Fitriah Mohamad, Mohamed Loey, Mai Mohamed, K. Mohana, Kalyan Mondal, Muhammad Gulfam, Muhammad Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Jamil, Muhammad Yaqub Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Nguyen Dinh Hoa, Cu Nguyen Giap, Nguyen Tho Thong, Peide Liu, Pham Huy Thong, Gabrijela Popović, Surapati Pramanik, Dmitri Rabounski, Roslan Hasni, Rumi Roy, Tapan Kumar Roy, Said Broumi, Saleem Abdullah, Muzafer Saračević, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Shariful Alam, Shyamal Dalapati, Housila P. Singh, R. Singh, Rajesh Singh, Predrag S. Stanimirović, Kasan Susilo, Dragiša Stanujkić, Alexandra Şandru, Ovidiu Ilie Şandru, Zenonas Turskis, Yunita Umniyati, Alptekin Ulutaș, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vázquez, Binyamin Yusoff, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Zhao Loon Wang.
Collected Papers (on various scientific topics), Volume XII
No full textThis twelfth volume of Collected Papers includes 86 papers comprising 976 pages on Neutrosophics Theory and Applications, published between 2013-2021 in the international journal and book series “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 112 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 21 countries: Abdel Nasser H. Zaied, Muhammad Akram, Bobin Albert, S. A. Alblowi, S. Anitha, Guennoun Asmae, Assia Bakali, Ayman M. Manie, Abdul Sami Awan, Azeddine Elhassouny, Erick González-Caballero, D. Dafik, Mithun Datta, Arindam Dey, Mamouni Dhar, Christopher Dyer, Nur Ain Ebas, Mohamed Eisa, Ahmed K. Essa, Faruk Karaaslan, João Alcione Sganderla Figueiredo, Jorge Fernando Goyes García, N. Ramila Gandhi, Sudipta Gayen, Gustavo Alvarez Gómez, Sharon Dinarza Álvarez Gómez, Haitham A. El-Ghareeb, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa, Masooma Raza Hashmi, Ibrahim M. Hezam, German Acurio Hidalgo, Le Hoang Son, R. Jahir Hussain, S. Satham Hussain, Ali Hussein Mahmood Al-Obaidi, Hays Hatem Imran, Nabeela Ishfaq, Saeid Jafari, R. Jansi, V. Jeyanthi, M. Jeyaraman, Sripati Jha, Jun Ye, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Abdullah Kargın, J. Kavikumar, Kawther Fawzi Hamza Alhasan, Huda E. Khalid, Neha Andalleb Khalid, Mohsin Khalid, Madad Khan, D. Koley, Valeri Kroumov, Manoranjan Kumar Singh, Pavan Kumar, Prem Kumar Singh, Ranjan Kumar, Malayalan Lathamaheswari, A.N. Mangayarkkarasi, Carlos Rosero Martínez, Marvelio Alfaro Matos, Mai Mohamed, Nivetha Martin, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Talea, K. Mohana, Muhammad Irfan Ahamad, Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Saeed, Muhammad Saqlain, Muhammad Shabir, Muhammad Zeeshan, Anjan Mukherjee, Mumtaz Ali, Deivanayagampillai Nagarajan, Iqra Nawaz, Munazza Naz, Roan Thi Ngan, Necati Olgun, Rodolfo González Ortega, P. Pandiammal, I. Pradeepa, R. Princy, Marcos David Oviedo Rodríguez, Jesús Estupiñán Ricardo, A. Rohini, Sabu Sebastian, Abhijit Saha, Mehmet Șahin, Said Broumi, Saima Anis, A.A. Salama, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Seyed Ahmad Edalatpanah, Sajana Shaik, Soufiane Idbrahim, S. Sowndrarajan, Mohamed Talea, Ruipu Tan, Chalapathi Tekuri, Selçuk Topal, S. P. Tiwari, Vakkas Uluçay, Maikel Leyva Vázquez, Chinnadurai Veerappan, M. Venkatachalam, Luige Vlădăreanu, Ştefan Vlăduţescu, Young Bae Jun, Wadei F. Al-Omeri, Xiao Long Xin.
Stiffness-and damping-strain curves of sensitive Champlain clays through experimental and analytical approaches
No full textStiffness degradation curves of Champlain clay at St-Adelphe, QuĂŠbec and the associated variation of its damping ratio with shear strain are constructed in this paper using the new combined triaxial simple shear (TxSS) apparatus. The apparatus offers the ability to obtain the stiffness and damping ratio of soils over a wide range of strain spectrum from 0.001% to 10%. The value of the small-strain stiffness of the tested clay is further confirmed through another series of piezoelectric ring-actuator technique (P-RAT) tests. Although, the stiffness degradation curve of the tested clay follows to some extent traditional curves suggested in literature, the examined Champlain clay exhibits different trend with respect to hysteresis damping especially at large strains (>1%) and available analytical models couldnâ t successfully predict the damping behavior of the Champlain clay at such strain level. A new constitutive model is therefore presented as a modification of the original Sig4 model considering the pore water pressure built-up with shear strain. Stiffness degradation and damping ratio versus shear strain curves of Champlain clays estimated using the proposed soil model are compared successfully with their experimentally-determined counterparts even at large shear strains where other models tend to misjudge the damping behavior of the clay.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
ACMV-derived siRNAs are phosphorylated at the 5′ end RNA gel blot analysis of 20 µg total RNA prepared from ACMV-infected wild-type and treated (+) or not (−) with alkaline phosphatase
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Molecular characterization of geminivirus-derived small RNAs in different plant species"</p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2006;34(2):462-471.</p><p>Published online 18 Jan 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1342034.</p><p>© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved</p> The blot was successively probed with DNA oligonucleotides corresponding to the ACMV DNA-A complementary (AC2 as) and virion (AC2 s) strand sequences in the AC2 coding region. Positions of the 21 and 24 nt RNAs are indicated
