1,720,956 research outputs found
The governance of Innovation processThe case of non-food use of agro-resources within a competitiveness cluster
No full textComment organiser l’action collective pour innover ? est une question brûlante pour les organisations, les territoires et les Etats. A travers une définition du processus d’innovation en termes de connaissances et de relations entre les acteurs, nous tentons d'explorer les dispositifs de gouvernance de l'action collective dans la valorisation non alimentaire des agro-ressources dans le cadre particulier d’un pôle de compétitivité, le pôle IAR. Ce pôle est un dispositif initié par la France dans le but d’améliorer la performance industrielle, grâce à l’innovation et à la coopération entre les acteurs de l’industrie et de la recherche sur un territoire. Pour répondre à cette question, nous mobilisons une méthodologie qualitative par l’étude de cas de deux projets. En nous intéressant aux niveaux projet et pôle de compétitivité, nous voyons en quoi les caractéristiques du processus d’innovation agissent sur la construction et la dynamique de la gouvernance. Nous soulignons l’importance du couplage scientifique / relationnel de la gouvernance et la complémentarité fonctionnelle de ses mécanismes. Enfin l’articulation de ces différents niveaux renvoie à la complémentarité de leurs rôles dans le processus d’innovation et de leurs mécanismes de gouvernanceaHow to organize collective action to be innovative ? is a burning question for organization, territories and States.Through a definition of innovation process in terms of knowledge and relationships between actors, we try to explore the governance arrangements of collective action in non-food use of agro-resources in the particular context of a French competitiveness cluster « le pôle de compétitivité IAR». This cluster was initiated in France in order to improve industrial performance through innovation and promoting industry-research relationships in a territory. To do so, we use a qualitative methodology with a case study approach of two projects. As interested by the two levels cluster and project, we see how the characteristics of the innovation process affect the building and dynamics of governance. We emphasize the importance of the coupling scientific / relational governance and the functional complementarity of its mechanisms. The articulation of these different levels refers to the complementarity of their roles in the innovation process and of their governance mechanism
The design of knowledge governance for innovation: The case of biobased activities in the Industry and Agro Resources French competitiveness cluster
No full textInternational audienceLaunched in 2005, the French government's call for the creation of competitiveness clusters has been a real success: 105 applications and 71 clusters 1 were created with 7 labelled out as 'global competitiveness clusters'. Innovation is at the heart of this French version of clusters so popular in the strategic management literature. These ' innovation networks', such as the IAR (Industry and Agro Resources) cluster, devoted to the non food uses of agricultural products, connect various actors: researchers, firms, investors and policy makers, to create an 'innovation ecosystem 2 '. The success in terms of innovations is then highly dependent upon the efficacy of knowledge creation and transfer between these heterogeneous actors. Complex relationships have to be governed. The question of the effective governance (Dyer & Singh, 1998) is relevant and somewhat often neglected in research (Foss, 2006). In studying the French IAR competitiveness cluster, we propose an analytical framework of knowledge governance in a context of radical innovations, where the questions of knowledge creation and sharing are crucial. Then we develop several propositions contextualized in this French cluster
Relationship governance within value creation systems. Analytical framework applied to the biobased sector
No full textInternational audienceMarket and product innovations in the emergent biobased sector are highly dependent upon the efficacy of knowledge transfer, control and protection between organizations, firms, institutions and also individuals involved in these innovations. The governance of these complex relationships is thus critical. Stemming from the literature about governance of interorganizational relationships, as well as value creation processes and systems, we propose an analytical framework of relationship governance in radical innovation settings based on several propositions. This framework is applied to governance structures in biobased value systems, especially devoted to the context of the French cluster 'Industries et Agro Ressources'
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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