207 research outputs found
Effetti della nutrizione precoce su crescita e neurosviluppo
No full textIntroduzione: Durante la vita fetale la madre fornisce attraverso la placenta elevate concentrazioni di calorie e proteine. Per nutrizione “aggressiva” si intende la somministrazione, tramite nutrizione parenterale, di apporti calorico-proteici simili a quelli ricevuti in utero, sin dai primi minuti di vita extrauterina.
Obiettivi: Valutare sicurezza ed efficacia della nutrizione parenterale “aggressiva” da parte del neonato pretermine.
Metodi: Studio osservazionale con raccolta dati di tipo prospetto ed analisi retrospettiva su neonati con peso alla nascita inferiore a 1500 grammi o età gestazionale inferiore a 31 settimane osservati presso l’Unità di Terapia Intensiva Neonatale dell’Università di Roma “Sapienza”. Sono state confrontate 2 tipologie di nutrizione “aggressiva” arruolando i neonati in 2 gruppi. Il gruppo 1 ha ricevuto un apporto proteico di 2 g/Kg/die in prima giornata con aumenti quotidiani di circa 1g/Kg fino a 4 g/Kg/die di proteine, ed un rapporto Kcal/proteine pari a circa 25 Kcal per ogni grammo di proteine. Il Gruppo 2 ha ricevuto un apporto proteico simile ma con un rapporto Kcal/proteine pari a circa 30 Kcal per ogni grammo di proteine. Sono stati raccolti prospetticamente dati riguardo la sicurezza (i.e. disturbi metabolismo glucidico, lipidico e alterazioni elettrolitiche) e l’efficacia (crescita extrauterina, sviluppo neuromotorio a 12 mesi di età corretta per l’età gestazionale) delle due differenti strategie nutrizionali.
Risultati: I due gruppi sono risultati simili riguardo le principali caratteristiche demografiche e cliniche (peso nascita, 1112±243 vs 1101±259 grammi; età gestazionale, 29.1±2.3 vs 30.0±2.7 settimane, sesso maschile 53% vs 63%) e l’incidenza di morbidità (39.8 vs 36.2 p=0.675). I neonati arruolati nel Gruppo 1 (7.1%) hanno mostrato una minore incidenza di iperglicemia severa (glu >216 mg/dl) rispetto a quelli del Gruppo 2 (19.1%; p=0.031). Una maggiore incidenza di acidosi metabolica è stata riscontrata invece nei soggetti del Gruppo 1 rispetto a quelli del Gruppo 2 (74.5% vs 48.6%; p=0.005). Il peso alla dimissione è risultato maggiore nel Gruppo 2 (2580±654 grammi) rispetto al Gruppo 1 (2463±448 grammi, p=0.010). Non sono state evidenziate differenze relative al livello di sviluppo neuromotorio in relazione ai differenti approcci nutrizionali.
Conclusioni: Un aumentato apporto calorico-proteico nella prima settimana di vita migliora la crescita extrauterina del neonato pretermine, aumenta il rischio di iperglicemia e non mostra effetti sul neuro sviluppo valutato a 12 mesi di età corretta. I risultati di questo studio pongono le basi per la definizione degli apporti calorico-proteici ideali per il neonato pretermine
In vitro and in vivo antitumoral effects of polyphenols or combination of polyphenols in head and neck cancer and in malignant mesothelioma
No full textCarcinogenesis is a multistep process triggered by genetic alterations that activate different signal transduction pathways and cause the progressive transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell. Polyphenols, such as Curcumin and Resveratrol, have the ability to modulate the activity of multiple targets involved in carcinogenesis and can be employed to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo antitumoral effects of Curcumin, in the treatment of epithelial (head and neck cancer “HNC”) and mesenchimal (malignant mesothelioma “MM”) tumors, used as single compound or in combination with Resveratrol. In the 1° report we provide evidence that the combination of Resveratrol (RES) and Curcumin (CUR) enhanced CUR in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities on HNC cell lines compared to the single compound; RES potentiates the apoptotic effect and reduced the IC50 of CUR on HNC cell lines. The model of compounds interaction indicated the onset of an additive effect of the two compounds compared to the single treatment after decrease of their concentrations. RES+CUR compared to CUR increased the PARP-1 cleavage, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the inhibition of ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation, and the expression of LC3 II simultaneously with the formation of autophagic vacuoles. RES and CUR induced cytoplasmic NF-kB accumulation. Moreover, RES+CUR in vivo administrations were safe in BALB/c mice and reduced the growth of transplanted salivary gland cancer cells (SALTO) more efficiently than CUR. In the 2° report we demonstrate the in vitro antitumoral activities of CUR on MM cell lines; CUR in vitro inhibited MM cells survival in a dose- and time-dependent manner, increased reactive oxygen species intracellular production and induced DNA damage. CUR triggered autophagic flux, but the process was then blocked and was coincident with caspase 8 activation which activates apoptosis. Moreover, CUR treatment stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, inhibited that of p54 JNK and AKT and prevented NF-κB nuclear translocation. These findings may have important implications for the design of HNC and MM treatment using CUR as single compound or in combination with Resveratrol
Acquired perforating follicuiitis in chronic renal failure: report of two cases
No full textBackground Patients wilh chronic renal failure, regardless of its cause, with/without hemodialysis/peritoncal
dialysis, showed cutaneous alterations. Two patients had a follicular hyperkeratotic papular eruption, with
clinical and histological features of perforating follicuiitis.
Method.s A dermatological examination and multiple skin biopsies were done.
Results We diagnosed acquired perforating follicuiitis in two chronic renal failure patients on hcmodialysis.
The lesions were located predominantly on the lower extremities wilh hyperkeratotic papules and small nodules.
Microscopically, the papule always affected ihc follicular structure. The follicle was widely dilated and packed
with keratotic material, necrotic debris and degenerated basophilic coarse connective fibers passing which
passed through foilicular perforations.
Conclusion Acquired perforating follicuiitis is a cutaneous manifestation in chronic renal failure.
with/without hemodialysis ireatment. that can mimic essential primary perforating follicuiitis. Transepidemial
elimination mechanisms and the distinction between primary and acquired perforating dermatoses arc discussed
The Voice of the Century
No full textThe fields of performance studies, empirical musicology, and the musicology of recordings have seen a tremendous development in recent years, shedding new light on the recent history of our performing tradition and conveying essential information to music practitioners, critics and audiences.
This innovative work considers the notion of bel canto and the manner in which this vibrant tradition lives in the records of Luisa Tetrazzini (1871-1940), one of the most celebrated sopranos ever. Tetrazzini, whose discographic career includes about 120 recordings, belongs to that generation of inspirational performers who heralded the dawn of a new era of music appreciation, alongside such iconic figures as Enrico Caruso, Adelina Patti and Nellie Melba.
Drawing on a vast body of scholarship and a number of contemporary reviews, Massimo Zicari establishes Tetrazzini’s role in the Italian operatic tradition and its much disputed set of performing conventions. His transcriptions of her recorded interpretations from Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini and Verdi will prove invaluable to singers and conductors interested in a tradition that goes back to legendary figures such as Jenny Lind and Maria Malibran. The author also discusses her voice quality and technique, tempo flexibility, her use of vibrato and portamento—features of musical performance that question several widely-held, normative views about aesthetics and interpretative tradition.
The volume includes eighty-eight musical examples and its closing section consists of the vocal scores of thirteen operatic arias. The musical material (both examples and transcriptions) is entirely original. This unique approach seeks to combine an academic perspective with the making of the music, in the hope that the plea for originality may be enhanced by models from the past
The Voice of the Century
No full textThe fields of performance studies, empirical musicology, and the musicology of recordings have seen a tremendous development in recent years, shedding new light on the recent history of our performing tradition and conveying essential information to music practitioners, critics and audiences.
This innovative work considers the notion of bel canto and the manner in which this vibrant tradition lives in the records of Luisa Tetrazzini (1871-1940), one of the most celebrated sopranos ever. Tetrazzini, whose discographic career includes about 120 recordings, belongs to that generation of inspirational performers who heralded the dawn of a new era of music appreciation, alongside such iconic figures as Enrico Caruso, Adelina Patti and Nellie Melba.
Drawing on a vast body of scholarship and a number of contemporary reviews, Massimo Zicari establishes Tetrazzini’s role in the Italian operatic tradition and its much disputed set of performing conventions. His transcriptions of her recorded interpretations from Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini and Verdi will prove invaluable to singers and conductors interested in a tradition that goes back to legendary figures such as Jenny Lind and Maria Malibran. The author also discusses her voice quality and technique, tempo flexibility, her use of vibrato and portamento—features of musical performance that question several widely-held, normative views about aesthetics and interpretative tradition.
The volume includes eighty-eight musical examples and its closing section consists of the vocal scores of thirteen operatic arias. The musical material (both examples and transcriptions) is entirely original. This unique approach seeks to combine an academic perspective with the making of the music, in the hope that the plea for originality may be enhanced by models from the past
Osteopathia striata-cranial sclerosis: otorhinolaryngologic clinical presentation and radiologic findings
No full textBackground: Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) is a rare bone dysplasia that presents with variable symptoms mainly due to the associated CS. Methods: The otorhinolaryngologic clinical presentation and temporal bone computed tomography (CT) findings of a new case of OS-CS are presented. Differential diagnosis is also discussed. Results: Our study confirms the typical appearance of the temporal bone reported in previous CT studies and the utility of CT for evaluating the various etiologies of conductive-mixed hearing loss present in OS-CS. Radiographs of the femur and pelvis revealed the typical striations of OS-CS and allowed us to diagnose this rare form of generalized skeletal dysplasia involving the skull base. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the third reported case of OS-CS in which temporal bone CT evaluation corroborated the smallness of the middle ear cavities, abnormal ossicular fixation, and bone sclerosis of the mastoid cells. Other radiographic studies regarding the whole skeleton may, in combination, be very helpful in the differential diagnosis between the different forms of generalized skeletal diseases with bone sclerosis involving the skull base
Effect of endodontic treatment on fatigue resistance of fiber posts bonding
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the endodontic treatment on the fatigue resistance of endodontic post adhesive interfaces. Materials and methods: 50 single-rooted human teeth have been severed at the cement-enamel junction and randomly assigned to 5 groups receiving different endodontic treatments as follows: 1) distilled water + gutta-percha (control); 2) NaOCl 5% + gutta-percha and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (Kerr); 3) NaOCl 5% + gutta-percha and Top Seal (Dentsply-Maillefer); 4) NaOCl 5% and EDTA 10% (alternatively) + gutta-percha and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT; 5) NaOCl 5% and EDTA 10% (alternatively) + gutta-percha and Top Seal. Subsequently, Light-Post DT #2 quartz fiber posts (RTD, France) have been placed in the root canal using All-Bond 2 adhesive and Bisfil 2B cement (Bisco). Five specimens from each group have been subjected to 2.000.000 fatigue cycles ranging from 0 to 37.5 N at 8Hz frequency and 37°C water irrigation, whereas the remaining were stored in distilled water at room temperature. After the fatigue cycles, all the specimens were severed obtaining 4 sections from each tooth, which were evaluated with the push-out test at a constant speed of 1mm/min. Stereomicroscope and SEM observation were done to evaluate the interface failures. Results: no statistically significant differences were observed between the five groups in both fatigue stressed (P=0.298) and water stored specimens (P=0.093). Also, the microscope analysis of interface failures showed that the post-cement interface is weaker than the cement-dentin one. The difference was significant with P=0.001. Conclusions: the results suggest that the interface resistance is not influenced by the canal treatments adopted in this study. Probably, the hard tissue removal necessary for post placement eliminates contaminated or altered dentin that may affect the bonding with the luting cement. High resistance of cement-dentin interface strongly supports this last hypothesis
On the descriptional complexity of iterative arrays
No full textThe descriptional complexity of iterative arrays (lAs) is studied. Iterative arrays are a parallel computational model with a sequential processing of the input. It is shown that lAs when compared to deterministic finite automata or pushdown automata may provide savings in size which are not bounded by any recursive function, so-called non-recursive trade-offs. Additional non-recursive trade-offs are proven to exist between lAs working in linear time and lAs working in real time. Furthermore, the descriptional complexity of lAs is compared with cellular automata (CAs) and non-recursive trade-offs are proven between two restricted classes. Finally, it is shown that many decidability questions for lAs are undecidable and not semidecidable
The Voice of the Century: The Culture of Italian Bel Canto in Luisa Tetrazzini’s Recorded Interpretations (PDF)
No full textThe fields of performance studies, empirical musicology, and the musicology of recordings have seen a tremendous development in recent years, shedding new light on the recent history of our performing tradition and conveying essential information to music practitioners, critics and audiences.
This innovative work considers the notion of bel canto and the manner in which this vibrant tradition lives in the records of Luisa Tetrazzini (1871-1940), one of the most celebrated sopranos ever. Tetrazzini, whose discographic career includes about 120 recordings, belongs to that generation of inspirational performers who heralded the dawn of a new era of music appreciation, alongside such iconic figures as Enrico Caruso, Adelina Patti and Nellie Melba.
Drawing on a vast body of scholarship and a number of contemporary reviews, Massimo Zicari establishes Tetrazzini’s role in the Italian operatic tradition and its much disputed set of performing conventions. His transcriptions of her recorded interpretations from Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini and Verdi will prove invaluable to singers and conductors interested in a tradition that goes back to legendary figures such as Jenny Lind and Maria Malibran. The author also discusses her voice quality and technique, tempo flexibility, her use of vibrato and portamento—features of musical performance that question several widely-held, normative views about aesthetics and interpretative tradition.
The volume includes eighty-eight musical examples and its closing section consists of the vocal scores of thirteen operatic arias. The musical material (both examples and transcriptions) is entirely original. This unique approach seeks to combine an academic perspective with the making of the music, in the hope that the plea for originality may be enhanced by models from the past
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