1,721,059 research outputs found
LA FILIERA DEL GRANO DURO E L'INNOVAZIONE
No full textL'articolo intende fornire un contributo alla discussione sui futuri orientamenti di politica dell’innovazione nell’ambito della filiera italiana del grano duro. Il lavoro ha l’obiettivo di discutere i modelli di innovazione adottati nella filiera in passato e di confrontarli con quelli ritenuti di maggiore rilievo per il futuro. In particolare, a partire dai più probabili contesti futuri, viene illustrato un quadro dei bisogni di innovazione della filiera, rilevati attraverso una recente indagine effettuata presso un panel di esperti
Grano duro sotto contratto: più vantaggi che svantaggi
No full textIl coordinamento delle filiere è uno dei problemi più frequentemente discussi come risposta alla crescente richiesta di competitività in agricoltura, dove sempre di più si affronta un contesto caratterizzato dalla liberalizzazione dei mercati, dal disaccoppiamento del sostegno pubblico e dalla pressione della concorrenza internazionale.
A fronte di tali necessità, l’adozione di forme contrattuali innovative nelle filiere italiane stenta a decollare. In particolare, nella filiera del grano duro si mantiene una larghissima diffusione (più del 70% del mercato) del contratto tradizionale “a pronti” basato sul “conto deposito” (il cosiddetto contratto “spot”) che rende minimi i vincoli di venditore e acquirente, ma crea notevoli problemi in termini di programmazione, omogeneità dei lotti e promozione della qualità.
In questo lavoro, presentiamo i risultati di un’indagine circa le prospettive e le motivazioni dell’uso di strumenti contrattuali “in avanti”(cioè a consegna differita), dedicati all’integrazione della filiera del grano duro. L’indagine è stata svolta attraverso la rilevazione di opinioni di esperti con il metodo di rilevazione Delphi, basato sull’interazione con un gruppo, o panel, di testimoni privilegiati (una decina tra operatori della filiera e ricercatori) consultati separatamente mediante una procedura iterativa
Il ruolo delle funzioni paesaggistico-ricreative nella gestione delle risorse agricole e territoriali
No full textL'articolo intende analizzare le variabili critiche circa il problema se lo sviluppo delle funzioni paesaggistiche-ricreative sia rilevante economicamente per l'agricoltura. Inoltre, tnde a indagare sulle variabili che impediscono o rallentano lo sfuttamento di queste opportunità
Strumenti di analisi edi gestione e di supporto alle scelte aziendali nel nuovo contesto decisionale dell'impresa agricola
No full textRecent developments in multi-criteria evaluation of regulation
No full textIntroduction Agricultural activity is affected by a wide set of regulations and prescriptions due to agricultural and non-agricultural policies. In agricultural policy literature, growing attention is being paid to the issue of policy evaluation. Objectives The objective of this paper is to provide a literature review of the Multi-Criteria Analysis applied in the evaluation of policy and regulations. Methodology The paper proceeds by firstly identifying the main issues of the policy evaluation process and then discussing the potential contribution of Multi-Criteria Analysis as a decision support tool in a policy-making context. Results Multi-Criteria Analysis was created as a decision support tool for the selection of alternative projects when decisions are effected by trade-offs between different criteria. However, existing applications to policy evaluations still show significant room for improvement. In particular, an improved ability to support decision-making processes can be expected if Multi-Criteria Analysis is included in a consistent process of monitoring and gathering of data, and both Multi-Criteria Analysis and monitoring are developed in such a way as to provide a structured interaction with the decision maker in a participative approach. Conclusion A cautious integration of Multi-Criteria comparison techniques and policy-analysis concepts should be sought in order to better contribute to policy evaluation processes
An ex-ante evaluation of agri-environmental contracts for the provision of landscape elements in an area of Emilia Romagna Region
No full textThe objective of this paper is to set up a complete ex-ante evaluation procedure to support Decision Makers in designing efficient and effective agri-environmental contracts, combining elements of private and public decision making. Ex-ante comparison of policy design options (different contract lengths and level of payments) requires both simulations of farmers’ behaviour and evaluation of the farms simulations outcomes. Farm level analysis is based on a real options approach including in the simulations the timing of choice and the uncertainty in the future about price and decoupled payments. Aggregate policy impact is identified through the quantification of impacts at territorial level and the
weights are elicited with MCRID methods. Simulations in the case study show that relevant opportunities to improve policy design are available. Multicriteria Analysis is then used to aggregate
impacts of many criteria, including not only effects on the environment, but also economic and social impacts
Combining linear programming and principal-agent models: an example from environmental regulation in agriculture
No full textThe paper develops a methodology whereby a Principal-Agent model is combined with Linear Programming in order to deal with the design of environmental regulation in agriculture. Linear Programming is intended here mainly as a tool to estimate an agent's cost/profit function for the purpose of the Principal-Agent model. Two variants of the methodology are considered. First, agents' profit functions are estimated through the interpolation of the results of the parametrisation of the Linear Programming model. In the second option, relevant corner points of the discontinuous profit function generated by the parametrisation of the Linear Programming models are identified. These relevant corner points are then fed into a discrete-action Principal-Agent model. An exploratory application is provided, using a case study related to the purchase of environmental services from agriculture. The results show that Linear programming may represent a useful way to estimate cost/profit functions to feed Principal-Agent models as long as it allows to incorporate more information from the point of view of how decision making is carried out, particularly when the underlying agent's cost/profit function is generated by a bundle of different production activities. However, the choice of the specific procedure should be cautiously evaluated in order to fit the actual properties of the underlying production process. Also, particular attention should be placed on the manner in which constraints and technical coefficients affect the result of the downstream model
Valutazione dell’impatto delle riforme della PAC sulla domanda di fattori di produzione
Full text linkIl lavoro propone una valutazione degli effetti di scenari di PAC post-2013 sulla domanda di terra, lavoro e capitale, utilizzando un modello di programmazione matematica a livello di farm-household
Politiche agroambientali e oltre Agriculture and environment: Towards a new generation of agri-environmental policies?
No full textIl workshop intende raccogliere i partecipanti al progetto ITAES (http://merlin.lusignan.inra.fr/ITAES/website) e la comunità scientifica italiana con l’obiettivo di discutere questi temi, in un incontro aperto a rappresentanti delle amministrazioni competenti.
Temi
Il workshop si propone di affrontare i seguenti argomenti:
1. Analisi dei problemi di applicazione e dei risultati della programmazione agro-ambientale.
2. Analisi degli aspetti agro-ambientali della condizionalità e delle altre misure connesse al primo pilastro della PAC.
3. Nuovi meccanismi di incentivazione delle esternalità positive prodotte dal settore agricolo (es. contratti locali).
4. connessioni ed interazione con la normativa ambientale (direttiva quadro sull’acqua, Natura 2000, ecc.)
The role of collaboration and entrepreneurship in strengthening the participation of primary producers in the bioeconomy
No full textPrimary production has been finally recognized for its important potential in contributing to the ambitious objectives of the European bioeconomy strategy (2018). Target stakeholders such as primary producers, cooperatives processors and producer association are asked not only to provide raw materials but also to contribute to the process towards the sustainable transition. Furthermore, the bioeconomy is seen as a good opportunity for increasing their profitability and to strengthen their competitiveness in the longer term. Finally, the recent emphasis of the bioeconomy on natural resources and ecosystem services matches with the growing attention at the role of agriculture as a provider of public goods. However, the involvement of farmers in bio-based initiatives is still limited and their position is still confined into the area of the primary sector. The adoption of biobased solutions appears still hampered in Europe due to two main challenges faced by primary producers: (i) poor collaboration and (ii) low level of awareness and knowledge creation. Consequently, due to those starting conditions, low level of interactions exists, and few new business relations are established.
However, the entrepreneurial activity of primary producers has a key role in contributing to the sustainable bioeconomy, even if their role has been neglected for long time in the entrepreneurship literature. Entrepreneurial orientation is important in stimulating collaborative behavior and in establishing new relations among producers, in the context of bio-based economy. Furthermore, given the complexity of emerging areas such as bioeconomy, usually those interactions need a specific knowledge on optimization of processes, high degree of investments in innovation and technologies. However, little attention has been paid until now to the key role of person-based relationships and to the importance of supportive environment and networks in the knowledge transfer process. Despite the increasing interest in this matter, research in the field of collaboration net- works in the bioeconomy itself is still composed of fragmented and unconnected themes without a contextual focus. This is even more true when it comes to new strategies to enhance the involvement of farmers in the bioec- onomy going beyond the primary production.
This book chapter attempts a state-of-art review on collaborations and networks in the field of the bioeconomy
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