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MID CRETACEOUS CARBONATE RUDIST-BEARING SHELF BETWEEN MAJOR CRISIS EVENTS: CASE HISTORIES FROM THE CENTRAL-SOUTHERN APENNINES (ITALY)
No full textThe Cretaceous shallow water limestone cropping out in central-southern Apennines (Matese – Camposauro- Monte Maggiore Mountains, Italy) records significant climatic and tectonic events that affected the peri-Tethyan Region during Cretaceous times.
The lower Cretaceous limestone documents healthy carbonate systems, which grew bearing mainly chlorozoan assemblages and non-skeletal grain-rich deposits although minor crisis moments in the growth of the carbonate factories have been recognized.
Mid-Cretaceous tectonics and the resulting complex palaeotopography dramatically controlled the Albian-Turonian evolution of the analysed area; the related carbonate factories experienced repeated crisis events presumably also related to global oceanographic changes. In particular, following late Aptian-Albian crisis events, highlighted by unhealthy platform conditions inferred by the flourishing of cyanobacterial consortia (Lithocodium-Bacinella-type) and other mesotrophic-tendentially eutrophic condition-adapted assemblages, the reconstructed shallow-water domains were forced to change sediment production modes, depositional patterns and internal sedimentary architecture.
These events were also accomplished by the progressive reduction of the previous mainly aragonitic-shelled chlorozoan assemblages and an increase of calcite-dominated skeletal components among which rudists with calcitic outer shell layer. The main turnover of facies has been registered in the Cenomanian time. Like in the other carbonate platform domains, pertaining to the southern Tethyan belt, in the central-southern Apennines Cenomanian platforms, repeated variations of the sea level were superimposed on tectonic-related, morphologically articulated substrata thus contributing to the creation of the complex scenario in which the rudist-bearing carbonate lithofacies accumulated. Mostly calcitic, elevator and clinger rudists flourished but were associated to the large recumbent forms, which had still aragonitic inner shell and colonized the high energy, outer shelf settings. Tectonics controlled the relationships between different areas and the creation of the related accommodation space. In addition, the presence of a tectonically induced irregular topography resulted in the coexistence, in a relatively short distance, of areas with very different hydrodynamic conditions, allowing colonization by different organic assemblages and complex distribution patterns of the skeletal debris. As a consequence, Cenomanian lithofacies architecture was significantly heterogeneous.
The Cenomanian sediments were arranged in a complex way; they built up patchily distributed “sedimentary bodies” controlled by the growth and the type of the rudists. The Cenomanian strata generally show restricted peritidal deposits and more open lagoon facies, colonized by radiolitids, nerineids, and ostreids. These pass laterally into large, complex mosaics of molluscan bioclastic shoals, closely associated with small caprinid mounds. The rudists colonized irregular bottom surfaces; in particular, they have also been found in growth position on inclined surfaces that delimit sigmoidal sandy bodies. These surfaces bordered small incisions that were filled with well-washed and sorted sediment consisting mainly of rounded, locally imbricated, coarse rudist debris. The overall characteristics of the sandy belts suggest active current pathways or small tidal channel networks along which extended transport of the skeletal debris occurred, although outcrop discontinuity does not allow a thorough reconstruction of the depositional geometries. The associated fenestral laminites as well as the immature pedogenic profiles (from which black clasts likely were derived) are typical of the intertidal–supratidal portions of the channel levees and interchannel ponds; the current-related sands suggest lateral-bar deposits, and mollusc-shell coquinas point to lag deposits of channel-like depressions.
As a consequence, in the studied shelf successions the repetitive intercalation of coarse skeletal sheets as well as of intertidal laminites and/or black-clast-rich layers suggests channel migration on a morphologically differentiated shelf, in which slightly elevated sand bodies and anastomosed current pathways contributed to create a complex depositional setting resulting in the aforementioned significant heterogeneity in the Cenomanian lithofacies architecture.
Although often missing, the Turonian sediments covering the Cenomanian strata document restricted conditions and the wide presence of cyanobacterial consortia (thaumathoporellaceans and Aeolisaccus s.p.), associated with grazing or detritivorous gastropods (nerineids and acteonids). Recumbent rudist forms reduced up to disappear, whereas the calcitic elevator and clinger ones became more and more dominant.
These characteristics call for carbonate factory unhealthiness, known also in other peri-tethyan carbonate platforms and correlatable with early-middle Turonian atmospheric-oceanic perturbations. The onset of latest Turonian-Coniacian p.p. renewed suitable environmental conditions is documented by recovering of the carbonate factories, whereas controlled by changed oceanographic conditions that resulted in a shift toward foramol depositional systems with sciophilous and mesotrophic condition-adapted assemblages
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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