642 research outputs found
Are You Being Rejected or Excluded? Insights from Neuroimaging Studies Using Different Rejection Paradigms
No full textRejection sensitivity is the heightened tendency to perceive or anxiously expect disengagement from others during social interaction. There has been a recent wave of neuroimaging studies of rejection. The aim of the current review was to determine key brain regions involved in social rejection by selectively reviewing neuroimaging studies that employed one of three paradigms of social rejection, namely social exclusion during a ball-tossing game, evaluating feedback about preference from peers and viewing scenes depicting rejection during social interaction. A cross the different paradigms of social rejection, there was concordance in regions for experiencing rejection, namely dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), subgenual ACC and ventral ACC. Functional dissociation between the regions for experiencing rejection and those for emotion regulation, namely medial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and ventral striatum, was evident in the positive association between social distress and regions for experiencing rejection and the inverse association between social distress and the emotion regulation regions. The paradigms of social exclusion and scenes depicting rejection in social interaction were more adept at evoking rejection-specific neural responses. These responses were varyingly influenced by the amount of social distress during the task, social support received, self-esteem and social competence. Presenting rejection cues as scenes of people in social interaction showed high rejection sensitive or schizotypal individuals to under-activate the dorsal ACC and VLPFC, suggesting that such individuals who perceive rejection cues in others down-regulate their response to the perceived rejection by distancing themselves from the scene
Advances in the deposition chemistry of metal-containing thin films using gas phase processes
No full textBahlawane N, Kohse-Höinghaus K, Premkumar PA, Lenoble D. Advances in the deposition chemistry of metal-containing thin films using gas phase processes. CHEMICAL SCIENCE. 2012;3(4):929-941
Symplocos sisparensis B. Karthik, Murug., Anusuba, Premkumar & R. Tharani 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Symplocos sisparensis</i> B. Karthik, Murug., Anusuba, Premkumar & R. Tharani, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Figure 1) <p> <b>Type:—</b> INDIA. Tamil Nadu: The Nilgiris Distr., Way to Nadugani-Mukurthi National Park, 11°15′13.94″ N, 76°29′13.50″ E, ± 2223 m, 29.11.2022, <i>M</i> <i>. Murugesan & B.</i> <i>Karthik 148115</i> (Holotype MH; Isotypes MH).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:—</b> Small tree with glabrous branches (vs medium to large tree with villous branches); leaf margins crenulate, each crenulate tooth with a blunt tip, glabrous abaxially with 4–6 pairs of lateral veins (vs leaf margins serrulate, each serrulate tooth with sharp tip, midrib sparsely long-hairy with 7–13 pairs of lateral veins); calyx lobes equal, glabrous and pinkish along margins, hairy in middle of abaxial side (vs calyx lobes unequal, glabrous or sparsely appressed-hairy, greenish along margins); style hairy, curved and constricted at middle (vs style glabrous except at base, style curved without constriction); fruits 7–10 mm long, globose or cylindrical to ellipsoid with blunt apex (vs fruits 1.2–1.4 cm long, broadly cylindrical to ellipsoid or oblongoid, truncate at ends) (Figure 3).</p> Description <p>Large shrub to small tree, up to 4 m high. Bark grey, young branchlets light greenish yellow, glabrous, covered with pulvinate leaf scars, twigs have discontinuous growth. Leaves simple, alternate-spiral, exstipulate; lamina 5–9 × 2–3.5 cm, elliptic, shortly attenuate towards base, crenulate along margin, acute-acuminate at apex, mid vein prominent abaxially, impressed adaxially, secondary veins abaxially prominent, lateral veins 4–6-pair, convergent towards apex with intramarginal venation, terminal vegetative juvenile leaves abaxially pubescent also covered by bract-like scales, densely pubescent abaxially. Petioles 1–1.5 cm long, brown, canaliculate near the base on adaxial side, glabrous. Inflorescence in axillary spikes on young and rarely on mature branches; sometimes flowers subsessile. Peduncles 1–5 cm long, pubescent at flowering, glabrescent during fruiting. Bracts 3.5–4.5 × 2.5–3 mm, ovate to cymbiform. Bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 1–2 × 1–1.5 mm, caducous, brown, acute at apex, truncate at base, ciliate along margin, concave, appressed sericeous adaxially, glabrous abaxially. Flowers 3–9 in cluster on a spike, 6–7.5 × 7–8 mm. Calyx tube green, ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, 5-lobed; lobes deltoid, 1–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous and green to pinkish at margins, sparsely hairy from middle to apex abaxially. Corolla white, 3–4.5 × 3–3.5 mm, deeply 5-lobed; lobes connate at base, elliptic, obtuse or subobtuse at apex, 5-veined. Stamens 55–70 in 4 or 5 irregular series, uppermost series extending beyond corolla, 1–6 mm long; filaments equally wide from base to apex; anthers ca. 1 mm long. Style 2–3 mm long, shorter than corolla, constricted at middle; stigma capitate. Disk 5-glandular, stellate-hairy. Fruits 7–10 × 4–6 mm, globose or cylindrical to ellipsoid with blunt apex, not grooved.</p> <p> <b>Flowering & Fruiting:</b> October–December.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> The new species named after the type locality, Sispara Ghats of Mukurthi National Park, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu.</p> <p> <b>Habitat & Ecology:</b> <i>Daphniphyllum neilgherrense</i> (Wight) Rosenthal (1919: 7), <i>Eurya nitida</i> Korthals (1841: 115), <i>Hedyotis sisaparensis</i> Gage (1906: 244), <i>Berberis nilghiriensis</i> Ahrendt (1945: 1), <i>Rhodomyrtus tomentosa</i> (Aiton) Hasskarl (1842: 35), <i>Rubus ellipticus</i> Smith (1815: 16) and <i>Myrsine wightiana</i> Wallich ex de Candolle (1834: 106).</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Mukurthi National Park, The Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India (Figure 2).</p> <p> <b>Conservation status:</b> During the present study, the authors have observed seven individuals of this new species, on the way to Nadugani-Mukurthi National Park covering about 2 km 2 geographical areas. Therefore, it is provisionally assessed here as Critically Endangered [CR, D], according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2022).</p>Published as part of <i>Karthik, B., Murugesan, M., Anusuba, V., Premkumar, M. & Tharani, R., 2023, Symplocos sisparensis (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India, pp. 83-90 in Phytotaxa 589 (1)</i> on pages 84-89, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.1.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7755073">http://zenodo.org/record/7755073</a>
FIGURE 4. A. A in Symplocos sisparensis (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India
No full textFIGURE 4. A. A Twig; B & C. Leaf abaxial & adaxial view; D. Inflorescence; E. Flower bud with bracteole; F. Calyx lobes; G. Androecium; H. Gynoecium; I. Fruit.Published as part of Karthik, B., Murugesan, M., Anusuba, V., Premkumar, M. & Tharani, R., 2023, Symplocos sisparensis (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India, pp. 83-90 in Phytotaxa 589 (1) on page 88, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/775507
Supplemental Material - Perceptions and Expectations Regarding the Step 1 Score Change Among Surgical and Non-Surgical Program Directors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material for Perceptions and Expectations Regarding the Step 1 Score Change Among Surgical and Non-Surgical Program Directors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Nitin Srinivasan, BA, Jamil S. Samaan, MD, Agnes Premkumar, MD, Nithya D. Rajeev, BS, Yee Hui Yeo, MD, MSc, and Kamran Samakar, MD, MA in The American Surgeon™.</p
FIGURE 1. A. A in Symplocos sisparensis (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India
No full textFIGURE 1. A. A Twig; B & C. Leaf abaxial & adaxial view; D. Inflorescence; E. Flower bud with bracteole; F. Calyx lobes; G. Petal; H & I. Flower adaxial & abaxial view; J. Glands on disk; K. Androecium; L. Style – hairy; M. Gynoecium; N. Fruit.Published as part of Karthik, B., Murugesan, M., Anusuba, V., Premkumar, M. & Tharani, R., 2023, Symplocos sisparensis (Symplocaceae), a new species from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India, pp. 83-90 in Phytotaxa 589 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/775507
Cytotoxic compounds from the marine actinobacterium Streptomyces corchorusii AUBN(1)/7
No full textWe isolated a bioactive streptomycete from marine sediment samples collected at Bay of Bengal, India, during our systematic study of marine actinobacteria. The taxonomic studies indicated that the isolate is related to Strepomyces corchorusii. However, it differed in certain aspects, and, hence, was designated as S. corchorusii AUBN(1)/7. A solvent extraction followed by a chromatographic purification helped obtain from the isolate two cytotoxic compounds, which were identified as resistomycin, a quinone-related antibiotic, and tetracenomycin D, an anthraquinone antibiotic, on the basis of spectral data of pure compounds. They demonstrated in vitro a potent cytotoxic activity against cell lines HMO2 (gastric adenocarcinoma) and HePG2 (hepatic carcinoma) and also exhibited weak antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
A Possible Role of Aquaporin Water Channels in Blood Cell Migration in Spleen; Interaction with Cluster of Differentiation Molecules
Get PDFABSTRACT: Aquaporins (AQPs) are molecular water channels that play important physiological roles in fluid transporting organs. The expression and function of AQPs in the immune system are largely unknown. CD11(a―d)/CD18 integrins are adhesion molecules expressed on leukocytes, which play a critical role in leukocyte adhesion, migration and host defense. In the present study, we suggest that the expression of aquaporin water channels on spleen CD positive cells, and the content of CD positive splenocytes in aquaporin may regulate the migration of blood cells. Recent studies and their analysis suggested remarkably decreased monocyte/macrophage subpopulation and significantly decreased granulocyte subpopulation. This is the first hypothetical report suggesting an important role of AQP in the trafficking of hemapoietic cells. Key words: Aquaporin, Spleen, Lymphocytes, CD147, ErythrocytesDepartment of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamilnadu, India Please Cite This Article As:Manoj G Tyagi and Premkumar Thangavelu. 2010. A Possible Role of Aquaporin Water Channels in Blood Cell Migration in Spleen; Interaction with Cluster of Differentiation Molecules. J. Exp. Sci. 1(4):41-42.  
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableRajendran, D., Vasanthakumar, P., Selvaraju, G., Thomas, K.S., Premkumar, N. and Dineshkumar, D.2012. Effect of organic chromium supplementation on performance of white leghorn chicken recoveringfrom newcastle disease. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 12: 247-255.An experiment was conducted for a period of 4 weeks to study the stress relieving effect ofchromium supplementation on production performance and egg quality traits in Newcastle disease (ND)affected laying hens. Total of 3000 birds (White Leghorn chicken, BV 300 strain) of 33 weeks weredivided into 6 groups (T1 to T6) having 10 replicates in each group and each replicate having 50 birds.The group: T1 was control, unaffected by Newcastle disease (ND), while all other groups (T2 to T6) wereaffected by ND and were recovering from the disease. T2 was not supplemented with chromium sourceand acted as negative control. T3, T4, T5 and T6 were supplemented with inorganic (chromium chloride),organochromium enriched yeast (OCEY), chromium yeast and chromium picolinate @ 200 ppb, respectively.The results revealed that weekly average egg production was maximum in laying hens of T5 followed byT6 and T4 groups during first week, T5 followed by T4 and T6 during second week while T4 followedby T5 and T6 during third and fourth week. Organic chromium supplementation (T4, T5 and T6) reducedthe mortality significantly (P<0.01) in birds. The reduction in the mortality (%) compared to untreatedT2 was about 58.06, 54.84 and 41.94% in laying hens of T4, T5 and T6 groups, respectively. Nosignificant difference was observed in feed intake and egg shell thickness among the treatment groups.The egg shell weight was significantly high in the healthy birds (T1) than other treatment groups exceptfor T4 group. Egg cholesterol levels were significantly (P< 0.05) reduced by supplementation of organicchromium. Increase in egg production in ND affected birds and decrease in egg yolk cholesterol by meansof inclusion of organic chromium, in particular chromium yeast, organochromium enriched yeast andchromium picolinate supplementation to layer feed could be useful measure for laying hens and it ensureseconomical benefitNot Availabl
N-15 MR Hyperpolarization via the Reaction of Parahydrogen with 15N-Propargylcholine
No full text15N-Propargylcholine has been synthesized and hydrogenated with para-H2. Through the application of a field cycling procedure, parahydrogen spin order is transferred to the 15N resonance. Among the different isomers formed upon hydrogenation of 15N-propargylcholine, only the nontransposed derivative contributes to the observed N-15 enhanced emission signal. The parahydrogen-induced polarization factor is about 3000. The precise identification of the isomer responsible for the observed 15N enhancement has been attained through a retro-INEPT (15N–1H) experiment. T1 of the hyperpolarized 15N resonance has been estimated to be ca. 150 s, i.e., similar to that reported for the parent propargylcholine (144 s). Experimental results are accompanied by theoretical calculations that stress the role of scalar coupling constants (JHN and JHH) and of the field dependence in the formation of the observed 15N polarized signal. Insights into the good cellular uptake of the compound have been gained
- …
