96 research outputs found
Paravasation with cyclophosphamide - Case report of tissue necrosis in a patient with primary breast cancer
No full textBackground: Paravasation is a rare but severe complication of treatment with cytotoxic agents. Some anticancer drugs are considered to be of high toxicity (vesicant), some are merely irritant, and some are regarded as nearly non-toxic to healthy tissue as is the case with cyclophosphamide. Case Report: In this report, we present the first case of severe tissue damage caused by a paravasation of cyclophosphamide in a breast cancer patient receiving chemotherapy. Conclusion: Therefore, every attending oncological physician should be aware of the possibility of severe tissue damage as a consequence of cyclophosphamide paravasation
On the participation of the priests in the Kashubian harvest
No full textThe author presents the selected figures of priests who in their priestly activities worked to preserve the cultural heritage of the Kashubian region. Among those portrayed in the article we can find: Father Henryk Mross, Father Janusz Stanisław Pasierb, Father Władysław Łęga, Father Franciszek Kamecki, Father Bernard Sychta, Ph.D. The author highly appreciates the most recent, valuable, lexicographical source i.e. The Biographical Dictionary of the Kashubian Region by R. Szwocha. The article concludes that the region’s revival would not have taken place if it had not been for the legacy of the extraordinary priests
Incompressible Quantum Hall fluids as Electric Quadrupole fluids
No full textA new picture of both integer and fractional incompressible quantum Hall
fluids as fluids carrying a electric quadrupole is introduced. This clarifies
their geometric properties, provides a generic expression for Hall viscosity,
and allows removal of the ingredient of continuous rotational symmetry (absent
when electrons move in a crystalline background) from their description.Comment: 5 pages, no figures; v2 adds a clarification to Eq. 3 and a new ref
[25] to Yutushui and Mross; v3. add a ref [26] to Antonic et al.plus reworked
abstract; v4. improvements, clarifications, and further references added in
response to referee commments; v5. fix typo in formula in text after Eqn. 4
(missing factor of 1/2 (D -> (1/2)D
Exotic phases and quantum criticality in gapless correlated electron systems
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 213-219).In this thesis, I theoretically studied exotic phases of matter than arise due to strong interactions between electrons in three different scenarios. Firstly, at a stripe melting phase transition, which may be relevant for the high temperature superconductors, where we propose a specific type of transition which produces critical exponents agreeing with neutron scattering experiments on LSCO. Secondly, for a Pomeranchuk transition where an electronic nematic order parameter develops we present a controlled expansion within which the physics of such a transition, and of the related problem of fermions coupled to a gauge field, can be addressed. Thirdly, in a quantum spin liquid phase that is likely to be realized in certain organic Mott insulators. Here we show how such a phase can be accessed from a low energy description of a metal, without resorting to slave-particle constructions. Methodologically, the work in this thesis relies on field theoretical methods such as the renormalization group, the large-N and related expansions, dualities, bosonization and slave-particle constructions.by David Fabian Mross.Ph.D
Automatic Air-Coupled Ultrasound Detection of Impact Damages in Fiber-Reinforced Composites Based on One-Dimension Deep Learning Models
No full textImpact damage constitutes a major threat to the performance and safety of fiber-reinforced composites. In this regard, transmission air-coupled ultrasound inspection technology has been identified as an ideal method for detection of common structural defects in modern multilayer composites. However, traditional machine learning algorithms and ultrasonic signal analysis methods are limited in terms of efficiency and accuracy. To remedy the situation, four one-dimensional deep learning models based on A-scan signals obtained from air-coupled ultrasound, which can automatically detect the impact damage in fiber-reinforced polymer composites, are constructed in this paper. Remarkably, all four models have attained high accuracy and recall on the testing sets, even though the training data and test data correspond to different materials and even structures. Among the four models, the long short-term memory recurrent neural network outperforms the other three models, which demonstrates its robustness and effectiveness
Insufficient quality of mental health information on German-speaking TikTok [Author Accepted Manuscript]
No full textBackground: The increasing popularity of mental-health information on social media platforms such as TikTok is raising concerns regarding misinformation. Previous research is limited to single disorders and videos in the English language only. Our objective was to investigate the quality of mental-health information on German-language TikTok for a broader spectrum of disorders.
Method: Thirty German-language TikTok-videos of each of the six most viewed hashtags on mental disorders (attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, autism, anxiety disorder, narcissism and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)) were classified regarding authorship and rated either as “correct”, “overgeneralized”, “incorrect” or “subjective experience”. The modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) were used to rate reliability and quality of information for patients.
Results: The 177 videos finally included in this study gathered a total of 94,348,220 views and 19.2% (n=34) of the videos were rated as correct, 33.3% (n=59) as incorrect, 18.1% (n=32) as overgeneralized and 29.4% (n=52) as personal experience. Chi-Square tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests showed significant relationships between either authorship or diagnosis and quality and reliability. Videos on PTSD and videos by expert authors showed the best and videos on narcissism and videos by layperson the worst overall results.
Conclusion: With around half of the analyzed videos supplying incorrect information, the quality of German-language TikTok mental-health content is insufficient. Differences in quality of content seem to be influenced by the topic and the authorship. Healthcare institutions and clinicians should be aware of this, educate patients accordingly and could improve the quality of information by participating in online discourses.reviewedacceptedVersio
Strengthening social cohesion in conflict-affected societies: Potential, patterns and pitfalls
No full textBilateral and multilateral donors are increasingly focusing on strengthening social cohesion in efforts to build and sustain peace in conflict-affected societies. What does promoting social cohesion mean with respect to international engagement? This policy brief provides an overview of the 'social cohesion' approach, explains how it applies to conflict-affected and fragile contexts, and introduces a typology of common interventions. It discusses the added value of taking a social cohesion approach to development and peacebuilding practice, as well as challenges policymakers and practitioners may encounter when using it. Social cohesion can be understood as positive relations among individuals and groups (the horizontal dimension) and between society and the state (the vertical dimension). While fostering, rebuilding or sustaining cohesion are challenges for any society, they are particularly difficult in conflict settings where divisions fuel violence and violence reinforces divisions. We argue that taking a social cohesion approach in divided, conflict-affected societies offers several advantages. First, it has the potential to focus intervention on less tangible aspects of conflict - drawing attention to overlooked grievances and bringing tensions between groups and the state into focus. Second, it helps integrate a peacebuilding lens in a broad variety of policy spaces. Third, it helps policymakers to integrate citizen perspectives into development strategies and to focus on the provision of quality peace for all citizens. Taking a social cohesion approach, however, also brings challenges. It may be sensitive for external actors to address social grievances, identity-based divisions and power relations. Dominant groups may feel threatened in their position of power and push back against these attempts, or tensions among historically marginalised groups may cause friction. Donors may experience backlash against programmes that directly address sensitive topics. At the same time, if the intent is to take a transformative approach to building social cohesion, it may be difficult for donors to maintain a neutral stance. Social cohesion programmes may risk increasing tension in the short term, but to restore inter-group trust and state legitimacy over the long term, it might be necessary to confront and accept tension. Reflecting on the potentials and pitfalls of strengthening social cohesion in fragile and conflict-affected contexts, we suggest that policymakers and practitioners should: Think politically. Fostering social cohesion may initially appear less political or less contentious than peacebuilding, but it inevitably involves engaging politics, as well as identity and power dynamics. Securing donor support for 'apolitical' social cohesion programming may at first appear to be advantageous, but this perception risks overlooking power relationships, politicised grievances, hierarchies and other salient dimensions of social structure (e.g., class dynamics). Expect pushback. The social cohesion approach has the potential to interrupt powerful political and economic structures that link social and political identities (e.g., ethnicity, class and gender) to power, status and public goods. Donors should expect overt and covert pushback and contention and be prepared to encounter the stickiness of informal institutions. Work across multiple dividing lines. Strengthening in-group trust and cooperation may negatively affect out-group relationships and overall social cohesion. Fostering social cohesion in the wake of violent conflict requires networks to address multiple social divisions. Large coalitions that cut across race, ethnicity, gender, class and generation are notoriously difficult to form and sustain, yet essential for building sustainable peace
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