1,720,962 research outputs found
INFLUENCE OF ACTH-(1-24) ON INGESTIVE BEHAVIOURS
No full textACTH-(1-24) has a complex, direct and differentiated effect on eating behaviour which seems to be very similar to that already described for CRF. These similarities indicate that both these neuropeptides coud be putative mediators in stress-induced anorexia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A 7-DAY I.V.C. INFUSION OF ACTH-(1-24), IN RATS, IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOLERANCE TO ITS BEHAVIOURAL EFFECTS AND WITH INCREASED LEVELS OF HYPOTHALAMIC B-ENDORPHIN
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Afferent vagal fibres and central cholinergic mechanisms are involved in the TRH-induced reversal of haemorrhagic shock
No full textIn a model of haemorrhagic shock causing the death of all saline-treated rats within 25.8 +/- 2.7 min after treatment, the intravenous injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone tartrate (TRH-T) at the dose of 4 mg/kg induces a prompt and sustained increase of arterial pressure and pulse amplitude, with survival of all rats. Bilateral vagotomy, atropine sulphate (2 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and hemicholinium-3 (20 micrograms/rat intracerebroventricularly) partially prevent the TRH-T-induced shock reversal, whereas atropine methylbromide has no effect. These data indicate that afferent vagal fibres, brain cholinergic neurons and central muscarinic receptors play a role in the mechanism of the anti-shock effect of TRH-T
BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINE IS INVOLVED IN THE ACTH-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL SYNDROME IN RATS
No full textStretching, yawning, penile erections and excessive grooming induced in adult rats by the intracerebroventricular injection of ACTH1-24 (4-mu-g/rat) were completely abolished by pretreatment with the cholinergic neuron blocking agent, hemicholinium-3 (20-mu-g/rat i.c.v.), and significantly reduced by the non-selective muscarinic antagonist, atropine sulphate (4 mg/kg i.p.) (except for stretching). The M1-muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, at the dose of 80-mu-g/rat i.c.v. almost completely prevented all the above behavioral effects of ACTH, while the M3-muscarinic antagonist, 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP) (25-mu-g/rat i.c.v.) had no influence, and the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine (25 and 50-mu-g/rat i.c.v.) only reduced excessive grooming and the number of penile erections. The M2-antagonist, 11-2[[2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl]-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepin-6-one, (AF-DX 116), inhibited stretching, yawning and grooming (but not penile erections) at low doses (1-mu-g/rat i.c.v.), while at higher doses (4 or 6-mu-g/rat i.c.v.) it inhibited penile erections but not the other ACTH-induced behaviors. It is concluded that the most typical behavioral effects of ACTH in rats involve brain cholinergic neurons and the activation mainly of central M1- and M2-muscarinic receptors
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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