1,721,037 research outputs found
Mac Leod (M. D.), Luciani opera
No full textSchwartz Jacques. Mac Leod (M. D.), Luciani opera. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 53, fasc. 4, 1975. Histoire (depuis l'Antiquité) — Geschiedenis (sedert de Oudheid) p. 1304
Automated interviews on clinical case reports to elicit directed acyclic graphs
No full textObjective: Setting up clinical reports within hospital information systems makes it possible to record a
variety of clinical presentations. Directed acyclic graphs (Dags) offer a useful way of representing causal
relations in clinical problem domains and are at the core of many probabilistic models described in the
medical literature, like Bayesian networks. However, medical practitioners are not usually trained to
elicit Dag features. Part of the difficulty lies in the application of the concept of direct causality before
selecting all the causal variables of interest for a specific patient. We designed an automated interview
to tutor medical doctors in the development of Dags to represent their understanding of clinical reports.
Methods: Medical notions were analyzed to find patterns in medical reasoning that can be followed by
algorithms supporting the elicitation of causal Dags. Clinical relevance was defined to help formulate only
relevant questions by driving an expert’s attention towards variables causally related to nodes already
inserted in the graph. Key procedural features of the proposed interview are described by four algorithms.
Results: The automated interview comprises questions on medical notions, phrased in medical terms.
The first elicitation session produces questions concerning the patient’s chief complaints and the out-
comes related to diseases serving as diagnostic hypotheses, their observable manifestations and risk
factors. The second session focuses on questions that refine the initial causal paths by considering syn-
dromes, dysfunctions, pathogenic anomalies, biases and effect modifiers. A case study concerning a
gastro-enterological problem and one dealing with an infected patient illustrate the output produced
by the algorithms, depending on the answers provided by the doctor.
Conclusions: The proposed elicitation framework is characterized by strong consistency with medical
background and by a progressive introduction of relevant medical topics. Revision and testing of the
subjectively elicited Dag is performed by matching the collected answers with the evidence included in
accepted sources of biomedical knowledge
Riconciliare economia e società: monete complementari per lo sviluppo locale e la coesione sociale
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Museumplein di Amsterdam : Premio internazionale Carlo Scarpa per il giardino, diciannovesima edizione
No full textI sentieri di Pikionis di fronte all'Acropoli di Atene : premio internazionale Carlo Scarpa per il giardino, quattordicesima edizione
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