1,720,964 research outputs found
EFFETTO DELLA DIETA PRIVA DI GLUTINE SU ADIPOSITA', PROFILO LIPIDICO E METABOLISMO GLUCIDICO IN BAMBINI AFFETTI DA MALATTIA CELIACA: STUDIO MULTICENTRICO CONDOTTO IN ITALIA E IN ISRAELE
Full text linkEFFECT OF A GLUTEN FREE DIET ON ADIPOSITY, LIPID PROFILE AND GLUCIDIC METABOLISM IN A COHORT OF CELIAC CHILDREN: MULTICENTRIC STUDY COMPARING ITALY AND ISRAEL
Introduction. The classic symptoms of failure to thrive and diarrhea nowadays are infrequently seen in celiac disease (CD). Many patients present with normal or elevated body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) have their roots in childhood. The evidences of an association between CD, gluten free diet (GFD) and CVD risk factors in children are limited.
Aims and methods. Our aims were to define the trend of BMI z-scores in pediatric CD adhering to a GFD and to clarify the relationship between CD, GFD and CVD risk factors. We prospectively enrolled 114 CD children on GFD in remission, from Italy and Israel. At enrollment anthropometric measurements, blood lipids and glucose levels were assessed and compared to values at the time of diagnosis. HOMA-IR was calculated as a measure for insulin resistance.
Results. Italian and Israeli patients had comparable anthropometry and lipid profiles. Trends towards the increase in overweight (from 8,8% to 11,5%) and obesity (from 5,3% to 8,8%) were seen in the total population after GFD. Furthermore, there were significant (p=0,013) increase in the percentage of children with borderline (from 11,3% to 29,8%) and elevated blood cholesterol (from 4,2% to 7%). At enrollment fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the Italian cohort and 4 children fulfilled criteria for insulin resistance. Three or more CVD risk factors (BMI, waist circumference, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure and insulin resistance) were found in 14% of CD patients.
Conclusion. This is the first study to report a high prevalence of CVD risk factors as well as insulin resistance in CD children on GFD. This study concurs with reports showing increasing percentages of overweight and obesity in patients adhering to GFD. These findings highlight the importance of dietary counseling over time, targeting obesity and CVD risk factors, in addition to monitoring adherence to a GFD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
How much protein is safe?
No full textBACKGROUND: Since breastfeeding and human milk seem to prevent, while high dietary proteins in the first 2 y of life seem to promote, later overweight, questions have been raised on the safe levels of proteins in the early years. How much protein (as a percentage of total calorie intake) is safe? METHODS: Revision of available data on the protein content of human milk, protein intake in the first 2 y of life and their association with body mass development. RESULTS: We should move from the figure of 7-8% in the 4-month exclusively breastfed infants up to the maximum acceptable levels of 14% in 12-24-month-old infants. When protein supply represents less than 6% and energy is limited, fully breastfed infants are likely to enter a status of negative nutrient balance. Over the limit of 14% energy from proteins in the 6-24 months period, some mechanisms may begin to operate, leading young children towards an early adiposity rebound and overweight development, beyond any genetic predisposition. Preliminary data seem to indicate a causal role for whole cow's milk proteins. CONCLUSION: We suggest maintaining breastfeeding as long as possible, and, in case human milk is insufficient, to introduce infant formulas, appropriate for age, up to 18-24 months, in order to keep protein intakes in the safe range of 8-12% within a diet adequate in energy and balanced as far as macronutrients
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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