1,720,959 research outputs found
Osteoma of the frontoethmoidal sinuses: craniofacial resection and reconstructive strategy.
No full textFrontoethmoidal involvement by benign tumors may lead to aesthetic and functional sequelae. The key for removal of such lesions is a proper planned craniofacial approach based on the preoperative evaluation. If total extirpation requires resection of part of the forehead or orbit, immediate reconstruction is mandatory. In recent years, craniofacial techniques and strategies have become popular. Among these are the use of split cranial bone, rotation of skull bones, the use of galeal-pericranial flaps, and the introduction of internal rigid fixation. We present a case of frontoethmoidal osteoma treated with a combined craniofacial approach. For the reconstruction, modern principles of craniofacial surgery have been applied
Cranio-facial resections
No full textFour basic steps should be considered in craniofacial tumor surgery: dismantling and re-assembling of preservable bone structures to reach the tumor; en bloc resection of the "box" in malignancies (i.e., the unaffected boundaries surrounding and including the tumor), internal rigid fixation and, reconstruction by using whenever possible regional structures. In benign tumors and so-called pseudotumors, the treatment is total removal and immediate reconstruction of all structures, including the bone. The primary goal of craniofacial surgery for malignancies is to create an entrance to the box that is to be resected. This necessitates the dismantling and reassembly of some uninvolved skeletal structures. Among these are the nose, the maxilla, the nose and maxilla en bloc, the nose and the maxilla bilaterally to the mandible. The introduction of internal rigid fixation by using plates and screws has facilitated the realignment of the pedicled bone fragments in a correct position. After cranial base resection, the communication between neuro- and splanchno-cranium must be closed with viable flaps. Many techniques have been described. The horizontal forehead flap is certainly effective but results in a significant secondary defect. Where there is an orbital resection en bloc with the cranial base, the temporalis muscle flap is effective in providing vascularized coverage and simultaneously obliterating the orbital cavity. The galeal frontal flap is versatile and easy to use. It has been used to cover anterior and lateral defects with good results. The orbit is another area that requires immediate reconstruction so that there is no resulting external defect. The temporalis muscle flap, with or without a skin island, can be used to repair it. Distant flaps can likewise be used. If the resection includes the maxilla, reconstruction of the defect can be performed immediately, or it can be delayed. The authors prefer to use the temporalis muscle flap if it has not already been used. On the basis of 10 years of experience in craniofacial surgery the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Craniofacial surgery is not a single concept. Therefore, the surgeon who deals with facial tumors involving the cranial base must have expertise in the entire field. Oncology must be part of his basic biological education. 2. Complications functional and aesthetic consequences are minimal if some basic principles are applied, both in the resection and the primary reconstructive phase. 3. In the past few years, surgical techniques have been modified and improved considerably, resulting in an operation that combines an excellent approach, oncological resection, low postoperative morbidity, good aesthetic results and improved prognosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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