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La relazione con i pazienti in sanità : quali risorse lavorative per attenuare l'impatto degli stressor sociali? = The relationship with patients in healthcare : which workplace resources can lessen the impact of social stressor?
No full textRicerche nazionali e internazionali hanno mostrato che gli operatori sanitari si trovano ad affrontare episodi di violenza verbale e fisica con sempre maggior frequenza. Evidenze empiriche supportano l’ipotesi che comportamenti aggressivi dei pazienti possono generare processi di burnout. Scarsi sono però gli studi sulle risorse lavorative che consentono di attenuare l’impatto di tale stressor sociale sul benessere degli operatori nei contesti ospedalieri. Nel nostro contributo abbiamo analizzato se e in quali circostanze differenti tipi di risorse, emotive (supporto dei colleghi, supporto dei superiori) e cognitive (autonomia decisionale, significato del lavoro) moderino l’effetto negativo dell’aggressività verbale su burnout e benessere affettivo. Lo studio, di tipo trasversale, ha coinvolto il personale sanitario di un dipartimento chirurgico (133 operatori con un tasso di partecipazione del 67%). Lo strumento di rilevazione è stato un questionario self-report. Le analisi, effettuate attraverso una regressione gerarchica moderata, hanno evidenziato l’effetto diretto dei comportamenti aggressivi come importanti predittori del burnout e del benessere affettivo. Il supporto dei colleghi e dei superiori e, in misura minore, l’attribuzione di significato al lavoro moderano l’impatto negativo sull’esaurimento emotivo. Il benessere affettivo risulta essere moderato dal supporto dei colleghi e dalla percezione di autonomia lavorativa. Inoltre si è riscontrato che l’attribuzione di significato al proprio lavoro influenza positivamente il benessere nel caso di alta aggressività dei pazienti. Lo studio contribuisce a evidenziare gli aspetti socio-organizzativi che svolgono un’azione protettiva rispetto agli stressors sociali legati alla relazione con i pazienti nei contesti sanitari.National and international studies have highlighted that healthcare workers are increasingly facing episodes of verbal and physical violence. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that aggressive behaviors by patients can generate burnout processes. However few studies have investigated the workplace resources that can lessen the impact of such social stressor on the well-being of healthcare workers. We analyzed if and under what circumstances different types of resources, emotional (colleagues’ support, managers’ support) and cognitive ones (decision authority and job meaning) lessen the negative impact of verbal aggression on burnout and emotional well-being. This exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted on the healthcare workers of a surgery department (133 workers with a 67% response rate). Data was collected via a self-report questionnaire. A moderated hierarchical regressions analysis highlighted that aggressive behaviors are important predictors of burnout and affective well-being. The support of colleagues and managers and, to a lesser extent, the attribution of meaning to one’s work moderate the negative impact on emotional exhaustion. Affective well-being is shown to be moderated by colleagues’ support, and by the perception of decision authority. In addition we found that the attribution of meaning to one’s work positively influences well-being in cases of highly aggressive patient behavior. The study highlights some socio-organizational factors that protect against social stressors tied to the interaction with patients in healthcare contexts
La relazione con i pazienti in Sanità : quali risorse lavorative per attenuare l'impatto degli stressor sociali?
No full textIntroduzione. Ricerche nazionali e internazionali hanno evidenziato che gli operatori sanitari stanno affrontando episodi di violenza verbale e fisica con sempre maggior frequenza. Evidenze empiriche supportano l’ipotesi che aspettative esagerate o ambigue e comportamenti aggressivi dei clienti possono generare processi di burnout (Dormann e Zapf, 2004). Scarsi sono però gli studi sulle risorse lavorative che consentono di attenuare l’impatto di tali stressor sociali sul benessere degli operatori nei contesti ospedalieri.
Obiettivi. Nel nostro contributo abbiamo analizzato se e in quali circostanze differenti tipi di risorse (autonomia decisionale, utilizzo delle proprie abilità, supporto dei colleghi, supporto dei superiori, supporto del gruppo, significato del lavoro) moderino l’effetto negativo degli stressor sociali legati all’interazione con i pazienti su burnout e benessere emotivo.
Metodologia. Lo studio esplorativo, di tipo trasversale, ha coinvolto il personale sanitario di un dipartimento chirurgico (133 operatori con un tasso di partecipazione del 67%). Lo strumento di rilevazione è stato un questionario self-report.
Risultati e Conclusioni. Le analisi, effettuate attraverso una regressione gerarchica moderata, hanno evidenziato l’effetto diretto sia delle aspettative percepite come sproporzionate sia dei comportamenti aggressivi come predittori del burnout. Il supporto del gruppo di lavoro, dei colleghi e dei superiori moderano l’impatto negativo sull’Esaurimento Emotivo, mentre non si riscontra lo stesso effetto sulla Depersonalizzazione. Il legame con quest’ultima appare invece moderato dall’attribuzione di significato al proprio lavoro. Infine l’impatto sul benessere emotivo risulta essere moderato dal supporto del gruppo e dall’utilizzo delle proprie abilità. Lo studio contribuisce a evidenziare gli aspetti socio-organizzativi che svolgono un’azione protettiva rispetto agli stressor sociali legati alla relazione con i pazienti nei contesti sanitar
Verbal aggression from care recipients as a risk factor among nursing staff : a study on burnout in the JD-R model perspective
Full text linkAmong nursing staff, the risk of experiencing violence, especially verbal aggression, is particularly relevant. The present study,
developed in the theoretical framework of the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R), has two main aims: (a) to examine the
association between verbal aggression and job burnout in both nurses and nurse’s aides and (b) to assess whether job content, social resources, and organizational resources lessen the negative impact of verbal aggression on burnout in the two professional groups. The cross-sectional study uses a dataset that consists of 630 workers (522 nurses and 108 nurse’s aides) employed in emergency and medical units.High associationswere found between verbal aggression and job burnout in both professional groups.
Moderated hierarchical regressions showed that, among nurses, only the job content level resources moderated the effects of the verbal aggression on job burnout. Among nurse’s aides, the opposite was found. Some resources on the social and organizational levels but none of the job content level resources buffered the effects of verbal aggression on workers burnout.The study highlights the crucial role of different types of resources in protecting nursing staff from the detrimental effects of verbal aggression on job burnout
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Patient aggression in healthcare contexts: what kind of resources do physicians and nurses need?
No full textIntroduction. National and international studies have highlighted that healthcare workers are increasingly facing episodes of verbal and physical violence by third parts. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that aggressive behaviours by patients or relatives can generate burnout processes. However few studies have investigated the organizational and psychosocial resources that can lessen the impact of such social stressor on the well-being of healthcare workers.
Objectives. Aims of this study are to analyse: a) the consequences of verbal violence by patients and relatives towards nurses and physicians; b) if and under what circumstances different types of resources (colleagues support, managers support, leadership quality, decisional autonomy and meaning of work) lessen the negative impact of verbal aggression on burnout and emotional well-being .
Methodology. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2011-2012. A total of 618 nurses and 210 physicians working in different departments in 5 general hospitals in Northern Italy were invited to complete a self-report questionnaire.
Results and Conclusions. A series of moderated stepwise regressions analyses were conducted. Results highlighted that aggressive behaviours are important predictors of burnout and emotional well-being for both groups. Although doctors and nurses differ neither in terms of perceived patients aggression, nor of burnout and well-being, the research identify differences in the patterns of resources that protect them against social stressors tied to the interaction with patients. The different role played by social support for physicians and nurses to buffer the effects of patient aggressive behaviours is also discusse
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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