288 research outputs found
Incertitudes associées à la reconstruction de l'occurrence des avalanches par dendrogéomorphologie -Résumé
No full textGrancher Delphine, Pavlova Irina, Brunstein Daniel, Jomelli Vincent, Germain D. Incertitudes associées à la reconstruction de l'occurrence des avalanches par dendrogéomorphologie -Résumé. In: Collection EDYTEM. Cahiers de géographie, numéro 11, 2010. Panorama de la dendrochronologie en France. pp. 141-142
Bi-directional longitudinal associations between different types of bullying victimization, suicide ideation/attempts, and depression among a large sample of European adolescents
No full textThe SEYLE project is supported by the European Union through the Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Grant agreement number HEALTH-F2-2009-223091.Brunstein Klomek, A., Barzilay, S., Apter, A., Carli, V., Hoven, C.W., Sarchiapone, M., Hadlaczky, G., Balazs, J., Kereszteny, A., Brunner, R., Kaess, M., Bobes, J., Saiz, P.A., Cosman, D., Haring, C., Banzer, R., McMahon, E., Keeley, H., Kahn, J.-P., Postuvan, V., Podlogar, T., Sisask, M., Varnik, A., Wasserman, D
Bullying Victimization and Suicide Ideation and Behavior Among Adolescents in Europe: A 10-Country Study
No full textThe SEYLE project is supported by the European Union through the Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Grant agreement number HEALTH-F2-2009-223091. Judit Balazs was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesBarzilay, S., Brunstein Klomek, A., Apter, A., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Hoven, C.W., Sarchiapone, M., Balazs, J., Kereszteny, A., Brunner, R., Kaess, M., Bobes, J., Saiz, P., Cosman, D., Haring, C., Banzer, R., Corcoran, P., Kahn, J.-P., Postuvan, V., Podlogar, T., Sisask, M., Varnik, A., Wasserman, D
Desenvolvimento de competências para a sustentabilidade: um estudo sobre a gestão de projetos societais sob a perspectiva de grupos
Get PDFEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever e compreender o processo de desenvolvimento de competências coletivas, sob a perspectiva de grupos, comitês ou conselhos voltados às questões de sustentabilidade, na gestão de projetos societais nas organizações. Pretendeu-se conhecer como estes grupos, responsáveis pela implementação de tais iniciativas, entendem os conceitos de desenvolvimento sustentável e sustentabilidade e traduzem seus princípios em ações concretas e competentes práticas e políticas em consonância com as metas de negócios das organizações. O estudo apoiou-se nos autores interpretativistas em competências, especialmente Jörgen Sandberg, que trabalha com a construção de significado de trabalho e também nos estudos de sensemaking de Karl Weick para analisar a construção de significado de sustentabilidade, que é a base para os grupos desenvolverem suas competências. Para tanto, foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo interpretativo básico em oito organizações cinco multinacionais e três nacionais. Os dados, coletados por meio de análise documental e de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, foram analisados segundo o processo de análise de dados qualitativos proposto por Flores (1994). Os resultados mostram a circularidade do desenvolvimento de competências societais a partir dos présignificados esposados originados nos contextos de formação, educação e trabalho do indivíduo, que são a base para a criação do significado de trabalho dos Grupos. Conclui-se que o significado de trabalho desses Grupos ainda não é uma revisão da forma como os negócios devem ser conduzidos, e sim refinamentos contínuos a partir dos pré-significados esposados.The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the collective competence development process, in perspective of groups, committees or councils for sustainabiliy issues, on societal projects management at organizations. It was explored here how theses groups, responsible for implementing such initiatives, understand the concepts of sustainable development and sustainability and building up concrete actions practices and policies in consonance with the business goals of the organizations. It was based on competence interpretative approach by Jörgen Sandbergs studies on understanding of work and on Karl Weicks studies on sensemaking to analyse the understanding of sustainability, the basis for groups competence development at work. Therefore, it was conducted a basic interpretive qualitative research in five multinational and three national organizations. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. It was used the codification method for data reduction and analysis by Flores (1994). The results show the circularity of societal competence development from spoused pre-understandings on originated in the individuals social action context of upbringingp, education and work, which provides the basic framework for understanding of work in groups. Findings suggest that the
way of understanding work the meaning work in groups still is not a change in the way of running business at organizations, but continuous refinements from spoused preunderstandings on
Inferring word relevance from eye-movements of readers
No full textReading is one of the most important skills in today's society. The ubiquity of this activity has naturally affected many information systems; the only goal of some is the presentation of textual information. One concrete task often performed on a computer and involving reading is finding relevant parts of text. In the current study, we investigated if word-level relevance, defined as a binary measure of an individual word being congruent with the reader's current informational needs, could be inferred given only the text and eye movements of readers. We found that the number of fixations, first-pass fixations, and the total viewing time can be used to predict the relevance of sentence-terminal words. In light of what is known about eye movements of readers, knowing which sentence-terminal words are relevant can help in an unobtrusive identification of relevant sentences
Untitled in english
No full textEste estudo tem como propósito colaborar com as instituições de saúde na implantação e gerenciamento de departamentos de engenharia clínica, mostrando inicialmente a relevância dos equipamentos eletromédicos nos procedimentos clínicos e a necessidade de especialistas que executem eficientemente o gerenciamento dessa tecnologia, desde o momento do planejamento de sua aquisição, em conjunto com os médicos, até o momento de desativação oportuno, passando pela manutenção e conservação. O embasamento teórico do trabalho da maior ênfase a manufatura, sempre considerando pontos de vista de vários autores, não obstante contraditórios. Para tal foi considerada a realidade encontrada das instituições de saúde, principalmente as da rede pública, onde a quase inexistência de políticas voltadas ao gerenciamento da tecnologia tem causado grandes prejuizos, dificultando não só o trabalho do corpo clínico, bem como causando um enorme desperdício dos poucos recursos destinados a aquisição de equipamentos. Outro aspecto a se considerar é a especificação incorreta dos equipamentos, quase sempre feita pelo médico, que escolhe o equipamento a ser comprado, muitas vezes consultando apenas catálogos ou somente com a orientação do vendedor do produto, cujo maior interesse é a venda. O trabalho poderá servir como orientação a implantação de departamentos ou de centros de engenharia clínica.The aim of this study is to cooperate with Health Institutions in the implantation of Clinical Engineering Departments, initially showing the relevance of electro-medical equipment in the clinical procedures as well as the need of specialists that can manage this technology efficiently from the acquisition planning, together with a team of physicians, till its disconnection, considering also the maintenance and preservation. The emphasis of this paper lies on the maintenance, always taking into account the point of view of more than one author, often contradictory. Thus, the reality encountered at the Health Institutions, mainly at the public ones, where a Technology Management policy barely exists, causing therefore great losses, hampering the work and wasting the scarce resources destined to equipment acquisition. Another aspect to be considered is the inaccurate specification of the equipment, almost always made by the physician, that chooses the one to be bought simply consulting the brochures or even with the only guidance of the salesman, whose main interest is to sale. This work can be used as a guideline for the implantation of Clinical Engineering Centers or Departments, and a practical guide to the management of the technology in the area of Health
Hans Eysenck
No full textHans Jurgen Eysenck (b. 1916–d. 1997) was a towering figure in personality psychology, notable for the audacity of his theorizing, the expansive scope of his empirical research, and the often-controversial views he expressed. Eysenck was the most significant figure in the history of British psychology by almost any measure. He is also likely to remain so because historical circumstances ensured he had an impact on a developing discipline that can never be duplicated. Eysenck was born in Berlin in 1916 at the height of the Great War, the only child of German film and stage performers Ruth Werner (aka Helga Molander) and Eduard Eysenck. The toxic prewar political climate in Germany saw him emigrate to England in 1934 soon after finishing secondary school. Almost by accident, Eysenck took up psychology at University College, London, and was mentored by Cyril Burt. He was almost interred as an enemy alien during the early stages of the war but was subsequently recruited by Aubrey Lewis in 1942 to lead the psychology program at Mill Hill Emergency Hospital – which functioned as the relocated Maudsley Hospital at the time. After the war, Lewis founded the Institute of Psychiatry, adjacent and affiliated with the Maudsley in south London. By 1955, Eysenck was made full professor within an independent psychology department at the institute and remained there for the rest of his career. Eysenck took the individual differences approach pioneered by Spearman and Burt to a new level. He developed a distinctively programmic approach that began with his derivation of three key dimensions of personality: neuroticism, extraversion, and psychoticism. Much of Eysenck’s later research explored how these dimensional differences played out across a wide variety of areas. Eysenck also attempted to give his personality dimensions a neurobiological basis. Eysenck’s research legacy was assured by his huge output—at least eighty-five books and more than a thousand scientific papers, many highly cited. He also laid the blueprint for the development of clinical psychology in Britain, founded several journals and professional associations, and trained many students. Yet Eysenck was full of contradictions. He advocated a no-nonsense, empirical rigor, but his critics came to distrust the numbers he presented. He consistently lambasted psychoanalysis at the height of its mainstream influence but took fringe areas such as astrology, ESP, and parapsychology seriously. For much of his career, this quiet, introverted man was the public face of the discipline in Britain. Many of his books were geared to popular audiences. However, Eysenck’s late career interventions in the race and IQ debate and the smoking and health issue would cement his polarizing reputation as a fearless, if politically incorrect, controversialist.</p
The Form and Function of Self-Disclosure in Depressed Adolescents
Get PDFAdolescent depression is a major public health concern, prevalence estimates of which indicate that from 9.5% (Costello, Mustillo, Erkanli, Keeler, & Angold, 2003) to 11.7% (Merikangas et al., 2010) of adolescents may experience at some point; these depressive episodes have been linked to numerous physiological, psychological, educational and general functioning deficits. Although children and adolescents are known to be the subject of harsh stigmatizing beliefs (Perry, Pescosolido, Martin, McLeod, & Jensen, 2007), little research has been conducted on adolescents’ perceptions of mental health focused stigma experiences and coping mechanisms.
Stigma experiences such as those experienced by persons with Mental Health (MH) concerns can lead many to manage the disclosure of their potentially stigmatizing feature, often choosing to conceal those features which can be concealed (Wahl, 1999b). The Visibility Management (VM) concept seeks to explain some of the underlying processes in how individuals cope with stigma through the manipulation of disclosure, allowing them to decide who in their lives is emotionally “safe” to disclose to, versus who may react negatively to such disclosure (e.g., stigma), resulting in concealment. This project sought to explore the processes by which depressed adolescents engaged in VM within the relationships of those other persons whom they consider important.
This study of seven female adolescents with depression employed a multi-modal data gathering technique consisting primarily of qualitative interviews and utilized an innovative hand-on activity focused on the perceived strengths and weaknesses of the adolescent’s individualized social network. As a part of this process, I paid special attention to any reported incidences of the concept of a strategizing partner (Safe Other), reflecting a potential socially-based resource to depressed adolescents as originally described in the popular culture literature of the Autism Spectrum Disorder community. Subsequent between- and within-case analyses revealed that participants engaged in a complex decision-making process aimed at balancing their daily needs with the perceived burden their disclosure placed on others in their lives. This process often resulted in partial disclosure of their depression status. Finally, this work identified trends regarding the designation, utilization, and evaluation of a Safe Other indicating relevant directions for future research
PSYNDEX Tests Review für ASQ (D) - ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE QUESTIONNAIRE - DEUTSCHE FASSUNG
No full textThis is a PSYNDEX Tests Review of ASQ (D) - ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE QUESTIONNAIRE - DEUTSCHE FASSUNG. PSYNDEX Tests Reviews are written in German and describe and evaluate psychological and educational tests used in the German-speaking countries. PSYNDEX Tests is offered by the Leibniz Institute for Psychology as open access documentation.Das ist ein PSYNDEX Tests Review zu ASQ (D) - ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE QUESTIONNAIRE - DEUTSCHE FASSUNG. PSYNDEX Tests Reviews beschreiben und bewerten zentrale psychologische und pädagogische Testverfahren, die in den deutschsprachigen Ländern eingesetzt werden, nach einem standardisierten Raster. PSYNDEX Tests wird durch das Leibniz-Institut für Psychologie als Open Access Dokumentation angeboten.publishedVersio
Persönliche Anliegen in Alltagssituationen
Get PDFBrunstein JC, Ganserer J, Maier GW, Heckhausen H. Persönliche Anliegen in Alltagssituationen. Memorandum. Vol 82. Erlangen: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Draft.In einer Feldstudie, an der 42 Hausfrauen teilnahmen, wurden charakteristische
Merkmale von persönlichen Anliegen untersucht, und es wurde überprüft, welchen
Einfluß persönliche Anliegen auf die Erfahrung und Beurteilung von Alltagssituationen
ausüben. In einem Interview beschrieben die Teilnehmerinnen zunächst
ihre Anliegen und schätzten sie anschießend nach einer Reihe von Anliegenparametern
ein (z.B. nach der Höhe ihrer Bereitschaft, sich für die Verwirklichung
eines Anliegens einzusetzen; oder nach der Verfügbarkeit von günstigen Gelegenheiten,
bei denen ein Anliegen verfolgt werden kann). Außerdem zeichneten sie
eine Woche lang ihre täglichen Aktivitäten, Stimmungen und Bedürfnisse auf. Die
Ergebnisse zeigten, (a) daß persönliche Anliegen nach dem Ausmaß an Entschlossenheit,
ein anliegenrelevantes Ziel zu realisieren, sowie nach der Qualität
vorteilhafter versus nachteiliger Realisierungsbedingungen beurteilt wurden; (b)
daß die Intensität, mit der sich die Teilnehmerinnen mit ihre persönlichen Anliegen
beschäftigten, eng mit dem Ausmaß ihrer Entschlossenheit zusammenhing,
während ihre diesbezügliche Erfolgserwartung von der Beurteilung der vorliegenden
Realisierungsbedingungen bestimmt wurde; (c) daß sich Fortschritte bei der
Realisierung von Anliegen ebenso wie positive und negative Stimmungslagen im
Alltag in bedeutsamem Umfang auf Unterschiede in der persönlichen Einsatzbereitschaft
und in der Verfügbarkeit von günstigen Gelegenheiten zurückführen
ließen; sowie (d) daß die Teilnehmerinnen anliegenrelevante Situationen im Alltag
als Herausforderung erlebten, bei der sie ihre Fähigkeiten demonstrieren und ihr
Selbstwertgefühl stärken konnten.42 housewives participated in a field study in which characteristic dimensions of current concerns were explored, and influences current concerns exerted upon subjects' experience of and judgements about everyday situations were examined. A preceding interview required participants to describe their current concerns and to assess them through a series of concern attributes (e.g., subjects' readiness to invest effort in order to attain a concern-related goal; or availability of favorable opportunities to pursue current concerns). Subjects also recorded their daily activities, moods, and needs over a one-week period. Results demonstrated (a) that current concerns were construed along two dimensions indicating subjects' commitment to attain a concern-related goal and reflecting their judgement of facilitating versus debilitating environmental conditions; (b) that intensity of concern-related preoccupations was closely linked to commitment-related variables, whereas judgements about environmental conditions determined the subjective pro- bability of success; (c) that readiness to invest effort and availability of favorable opportunities accounted both for significant variations in progress toward goal attainment and for individual differences in positive versus negative mood in daily life situations; and (d) that participants perceived concern-related everyday situations as challenges, allowing them to demonstrate their abilities and to increase their sense of self-esteem
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