1,721,228 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS IN SEPTIC SHOCK PATIENTS
Full text linkIntroduction
Septic shock, also defined as distributive shock, is a complication of sepsis, characterized by pronounced hypotension, followed by anomalous distribution of blood at vessels, organs and tissues. The hemodynamic, cellular and metabolic alterations described in septic shock patients lead to a mortality that is at present around 40%. Septic shock patients develop dysfunctions or failure to multiple organs (MOF) but the molecular mechanisms triggering tissue injury remain largely undetermined and a specific treatment for septic shock is still not available.
Aim
This work is part of the European Project ShockOmics, a multicentric, prospective, observational study, whose aim is to identify with a multiscale approach, molecular biomarkers in septic shock patients who develop acute heart failure. The specific aim of the present Research project is to investigate the modifications induced by septic shock on transcriptional profile, using blood cells as RNA source. This investigation is performed at different timepoints starting from admission of the patient to the intensive care unit (ICU).
Materials and Methods
Septic shock patients were recruited in the ICUs of Geneva and Bruxelles University Hospitals, that are Partners of ShockOmics Project. Blood samples were collected in the acute phase of the disease at ICU admission (T1), after the appropriate pharmacological intervention (T2 ) and at steady state on day 7 of the ICU stay (T3). RNA was extracted from whole blood and RNA sequencing was used to evaluate the expression level of genes, long non coding RNAs and microRNAs. We explored the dataset using PCA and unsupervised hierarchical clustering and we identified differentially expressed genes and microRNAs across conditions. Gene Ontology analysis was used to identify relevant biological processes involved in shock. We identified microRNA regulatory targets with an in silico target prediction.
Results
We identified two main gene expression profiles corresponding to the acute phase of shock and to the condition of steady state. Between the acute phase of shock (day 1) and the steady state condition (day 7) we observed in patients at day 7 a downregulation of pathways of the innate immune response (Toll-like receptor and C-type lectin receptors pathways) and of acute inflammation (IL-1 receptor family and alarmins) and the upregulation in the same patients of genes of the adaptive immunity related to B and T lymphocytes activation. A transcriptional regulation was observed also for genes with antimicrobial function and protease activity and for genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid inflammatory pathway, transport of vesicles and protein synthesis. miR-125a-5p and miR-150-5p, with a predicted regulatory role in the MAPK pathway, and miR-193a-3p were differentially expressed in the acute and steady state condition.
Conclusion
We observed a significant modulation of multiple classes of genes involved in defense response to pathogens, immunity, inflammation and metabolism. From these results it appears that in septic shock a relevant change in the transcriptomic profile of blood cells is induced, in order to counteract the pathogens and as a consequence of the hemodynamic changes underlying the circulatory failure. The transcriptomic profile of septic shock patients showed inter patient variability reflecting the complexity of the shock condition and of the individual response to treatment. Specific signatures could turn out by combining clinical data and expression profile and could be used to better classify septic shock patients
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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