751 research outputs found
A Study on Google is an Artificial Encyclopedia Affecting Human Intelligence - An Empirical Study
No full textGoogle is opening this platform to the world, which gives us an equal opportunity to peek in and see how the company thinks about developing machine learning systems. Internally, Google has spent the last five years building a massive platform for artificial intelligence and now they're unleashing it on the world. Although Google would prefer you call it machine intelligence they feel that the word artificial intelligence carries too many connotations and fundamentally they're trying to create genuine intelligence just in machine. The internet makes things faster, but faster is not always necessarily. Better we don't want to sacrifice our critical thinking and uniqueness for the attainment of a modest amount of additional productivity our cognitive thinking is one of our greatest possessions and we should take this extra time to preserve it. Prof. Rekha D. M | Sandhya G N "A Study on Google is an Artificial Encyclopedia Affecting Human Intelligence - An Empirical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27923.pd
Siolicaris sandhya Reddy & Arbizu 2012, comb. nov.
No full textSiolicaris sandhya (Ranga Reddy, 2001) comb. nov. (Figs. 6 –10) Synonymy. Parastenocaris sandhya Ranga Reddy — Ranga Reddy (2001), Ranga Reddy & Defaye (2007), Ranga Reddy & Schminke (2008), Ranga Reddy & Defaye (2009). Material examined. 3 ♂ and 3 ♀♀. Illustrations based on 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ dissected and mounted on 7 slides each. Type locality. River Krishna at Vijayawada, South India (additional information in Ranga Reddy 2001). Emended description. Male. Integumental window visible only on cephalothorax (Fig. 6A, B). Furca (Figs. 6A) with 7 setae; setae I–III proximally inserted, anterior to seta VII; seta II reduced; seta IV subdistal, inserting dorsally, on the outer margin of furca; seta V inserting on the distal margin of furca; seta VI shorter than seta V, inserting beneath it; seta VII approximately of the same size as seta VI, socketed at basis and inserting dorsally, on inner margin of furca. A1 (Fig. 7A–C) haplocer, 8-segmented and prehensile, 7 th segment without a distal inner apophysis; armature beginning with proximal segment: 0/6/4/2 [1 hyaline spine (dotted structure) and 1 seta]/5+Ae/2 [1 hyaline spine (dotted structure) and 1 seta]/2 [1 hyaline spine (dotted structure) and 1 distal seta]/9+Ae. A2 (Fig. 7D) and Md (Fig. 7E) as described by Ranga Reddy (2001). Mx1 (Fig. 7F) praecoxal arthrite with 5 elements (1 dorsal surface seta, 3 claw-like pinnate spines and 1 slender seta), coxa with 1 seta, basis with 3 setae. Mx2 (Fig. 7G) basis with 2 endites, proximal endite with 1 seta, distal endite with 2 slender setae and 1 pinnate spine; proximal endopodal segment drawn into claw; distal endopodal segment with 2 setae. Mxp (Fig. 7H) subchelate, composed of syncoxa, basis with 1-segmented endopod fused to the claw-like apical seta. P1 (Fig. 7I) coxa bare, basis with outer seta and outer row of spinules, and row of spinules near the insertion of the enp. Exp 3-segmented, exp-1 with outer spine, exp-2 unarmed, exp-3 with 2 outer spines and 2 geniculate setae of different lengths; enp 2-segmented, slightly bent inwards; enp-1 as long as the combined length of first 2 exopodal segments, with 2 long spinules inserted at inner distal third, enp-2 with 1 outer spine and 1 geniculate seta. P2 (Fig. 8A–C) coxa bare; basis without outer seta, with outer pore and 1 row of spinules on outer margin; exp 3-segmented, exp-1 with long outer spine and hyaline frill on its distal inner corner; exp-2 without armature, with a distal row of long spinules and 3 superimposed series of long setules on inner margin; exp-3 with 3 setae, hyaline frill on distal inner corner, row of long spinules on outer distal corner and row of long setules proximally inserted on inner margin; enp 1-segmented, shorter than exp-1, obovate, with proximal and medial row of spinules, distally with long seta and large spinule with hyaline margin. P3 (Fig. 8D–F) coxa naked; basis subquadrate, with row of strong spinules on outer margin, near the insertion of outer seta and pore; apophysis elongate, with distal claw and distal hyaline round tip, 1 large, outer spinule near the insertion of thumb; thumb strong, longer than apophysis, with a broad basis; enp represented by small seta. P4 (Fig. 8G) coxa naked; basis with outer seta, pore, row of small spinules near the outer margin and row of small spinules near the insertion of enp; exp 3-segmented, exp-1 with outer spine and hyaline frill on distal inner corner; exp-2 without armature and with distal row of long spinules; exp-3 with 2 setae and hyaline frill on distal inner corner; enp much reduced in size, 1-segmented, digitiform, bare. P5 (Fig. 9A–C) trapezoidal, with slender inner process, connected by a small, triangular intercoxal plate. With a row of small spinules on inner margin and 4 setae, all distally inserted; proximal exopodal seta, adjacent to the outer basal seta tiny and inserted on a small protuberance. P6 (Fig. 9A–B) as described by Ranga Reddy (2001). Female. Sexually dimorphic in A1, P2–P5 and genital somite. Integumental window visible only on the cephalothorax (Fig. 6B). Furca (Fig. 6B, C, E) armature as in male; variation in furcal shape as described by Ranga Reddy (2001). Telson with ventral row of spinules near the insertion of each furcal ramus (Fig. 6D). FIGURE 10. Siolicaris sandhya (Ranga Reddy, 2001) comb. nov., female. A, A1; B, A1 segment V; C, A2; D, P1; E, P2; F, enp P2; G, inner seta exp-3 P2; H, P3; I, J, P4 basis with enp and partially drawn exp-1. Scale bar = 20 µm. A1 7-segmented (Fig. 10A), not geniculate; armature beginning with proximal segment as follows: 0/4/4/ 1+Ae/2/1/9+Ae. P2 (Fig. 10E–F) inner margin of exp-2–3 without the series of long setules present in males. Enp claviform, with distal row of spinules and distal seta. P3 (Fig. 10H) coxa bare. Basis with a long outer seta and inner row of spinules approximately where enp inserts in other species. Enp completely absent. Exp 2-segmented, exp-1 with outer spine and distally, with outer and inner row of small spinules; exp-2 with 2 distal setae, outer row of spinules and usual hyaline frill at distal inner corner. P4 (Fig. 10I) coxa, basis and exp as in the male, with minor differences in ornamentation; enp reduced in size, smaller than exp-1, 1-segmented, digitiform, bare. P5 (Fig. 9D) trapezoidal, with moderately pronounced inner process, 1 inner spinule and 3 setae, all distally inserted. Intercoxal sclerite not observed. P6 (Fig. 9D) formed by 2 lateral and unarmed plates covering the gonopore. Single medially located copulatory pore.Published as part of Reddy, Ranga & Arbizu, Martínez, 2012, Revision of the genus Siolicaris Jakobi, 1972, with redescriptions of S. sioli (Noodt, 1963) and S. jakobi (Noodt, 1963) from South America, and S. sandhya (Ranga Reddy, 2001) comb. nov. from India (Copepoda, Harpacticoida,, pp. 49-71 in Zootaxa 3493 on pages 59-6
Which Homes, Where First? An Explainable AI Framework for Prioritising EPC D-G Retrofits Across England and Wales
No full textMeeting the UK's target to upgrade all homes to Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) band C by 2035 requires urgent action on poor-performing properties, especially those currently rated D to G. These homes contribute disproportionately to residential carbon emissions, yet retrofit strategies often overlook their local and typological diversity. This study analyses how retrofit needs vary across EPC-rated D-G dwellings in England and Wales by examining 9.8 million records from the national EPC database. A structured method for processing high-cardinality categorical variables was developed to enhance model interpretability and ensure robust feature representation, addressing a critical barrier in EPC-based analysis. Carbon emissions were modelled using XGBoost (R2 = 0.73) and interpreted with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to identify key emission drivers. A novel SHAP-informed clustering revealed four retrofit typologies with significant improved cluster performance compared to existing methods. Two high-priority typologies emerged: large, uninsulated and gas-heated homes needing fabric-first upgrades, and moderately insulated homes with gas boilers suitable for electrification. Spatial clustering of local authorities showed distinct regional patterns, enabling more precise targeting of policies such as the Boiler Upgrade Scheme and Great British Insulation Scheme. The proposed framework improves the transparency and policy relevance of EPC-based modelling, offering actionable insights for locally tailored retrofit planning
Persamaan polinomial karakteristik matriks Adjacency, matriks Laplace, dan matriks Signless-Laplace graf multipartisi komplit K (α_1, α_2, α_3, ..., α_n)
No full textINDONESIA:
Pada saat mencari spectrum, nilai eigen sangat diperlukan. Oleh karena itu penulis meneliti tentang polinomial karakteristik, yang akan menghasilkan nilai eigen.
Untuk mencari polinomial karakteristik, penulis berangkat dari graf multipartisi komplit, yaitu graf yang terdiri dari banyak partisi dengan titik tiap partisi saling terhubung langsung, namun tidak menghubungkan titik pada satu partisi.
Setelah ditentukan graf, diperoleh matriks Adjacency, matriks Laplace L(G)=D(G)-A(G), dan matriks Signless-Laplace S(G)=D(G)+A(G).
Polinomial karakteristik adalah dengan adalah suatu matriks dan adalah matriks Identitas. Akar-akar dari polinomial tersebut adalah nilai eigen.
Berdasarkan pembahasan, diperoleh pola umum persamaan polinomial karakteristik :
1. Matriks Adjacency... yaitu...
2. Matriks Adjacency... yaitu:...
3. Matriks Laplace... yaitu:...
4. Matriks Laplace.... yaitu:...
5. Matriks Laplace... yaitu:....
6. Matriks Laplace....yaitu:...
7. Matriks Signless-Laplace... yaitu:...
8. Matriks Signless-Laplace... yaitu:...
9. Matriks Signless-Laplace... yaitu:...
ENGLISH:
At the time of seeking spectrum, eigenvalue indispensable. Therefore, the author examines the characteristic polynomial, which will produce an eigenvalue.
To find the characteristic polynomial, the authors depart from multipartisi complete graph, ie a graph that consists of multiple partitions with each partition dots are connected, but do not connect the dots on one part of the partition.
Once defined graphs, adjacency matrices obtained, Laplace matrix.... , and matrixSignless -Laplace.....
Characteristic polynomial is with A is a matrix and I is the identity matrix. The roots of the polynomial are the eigenvalues.
Based on the discussion, the general pattern obtained characteristic polynomial equation:
1. Adjacency Matrix is:....
2. Adjacency Matrix is:....
3. aplace Matrix is:....
4. Laplace Matrix is:....
5. Laplace Matrix is:....
6. Laplace Matrix is:....
7. Signless-Laplace Matrix is:.....
8. Signless-Laplace Matrix is: .....
9. Signless-Laplace Matrix is:...
Spin observables and reconstruction of pi-d elastic-scattering amplitudes in transverse frame
No full textThe authors show that the measurement of only eight real parameters consisting of the differential cross section y0, the analysing power T20 and the polarisation transfer observables Cx,x, Cx,y, Cy,y, Cx,xz, Cx,yz and Cy,xz are sufficient for the complete determination of pi -d elastic scattering amplitudes in the transverse frame
Kinetic analysis of treatment of textile wastewater in hybrid column upflow anaerobic fixed bed reactor
No full textTreatment of textilewastewater is considered to be difficult by traditional systems. The present study is related to treatment of textilewastewater in
an anaerobic reactor. The study showed the effectiveness of biological treatment of wastewater involving appropriate microorganism and suitable
support media in a hybrid column, upflow anaerobic fixed bed (UAFB) reactor. COD and color were reduced to 84.80%, and 90% for textile
wastewater. The reactor was operated at 1.038–8.21 g CODm−3 d−1 of loading and found that 81.58% COD and 86.22% color removal at the
highest loading rate. At steady state under anaerobic condition, colorwas effectively removed. Biokinetic models were applied to data obtained from
experimental studies in UAFB reactor. Treatment efficiencies of the reactor were investigated at different hydraulic retention times (9.6–23.76 h)
and organic loading rates (1.038–8.21 g CODm−3 d−1). Second-order and a Stover–Kincannon models were best fitted to the hybrid column reactor.
The second-order substrate removal rate constant (k2(S)) was found as 10.50 h−1 for UAFB. Applying the modified Stover–Kincannon model to the
UAFB reactor, the maximum removal rate constant (Umax) and saturation value constant (KB) were found to be 31.69 and 45.37 g d−1, respectivel
On the Laplacian and signless Laplacian spectra of complete multipartite graphs
No full textLet G be a finite simple graph with vertex set V(G) = {v1, v2, v3, …, vn} and edge set E(G). The adjacency matrix of G is an (nn)-matrix A(G) = [aij] where aij = 1 if vivj E(G) and aij = 0 elsewhere, and the degree matrix of G is a diagonal (nn)-matrix D(G) = [dij] where dii = degG(vi) and dij = 0 for i ≠ j. The Laplacian matrix of G is L(G) = D(G) – A(G) and the signless Laplacian matrix of G is Q(G) = D(G) + A(G). The study of spectrum of Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrix of graph are interesting topic till today. In this paper, we determine the Laplacian and signless Laplacian spectra of complete multipartite graphs
Loss of Lingin and Cellulose Components of Wood of Swietenia Mahagoni and Shorea Robusta due to Decay by Trametes Scabrosa (Pers.) G. H. Cunn, Phellinus Badius (Berk.) G. H. Cunn, and Daedalea Flavida Lév.
No full textThe decay of wood of mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni) and sal (Shorea robusta) caused by Trametes scabrosa, Phellinus badius, and Daedalea flavida was investigated on the basis of quantitative estimation of lignin and cellulose. The lignin and cellulose contents of sound wood of both host species were above 30% and 60%, respectively, of the extractive-free dry weight of wood. Percentage of lignin in decayed wood became much less than that in sound wood, particularly in sapwood, whereas the precentage of cellulose decreased only slightly during the process of decay. Results revealed that the test fungi primarily utilized the lignin portion and only a small amount of cellulose and proved to be "white rot" fungi. From wood of S. mahagoni, maximum amount of lignin was removed by T. scabrosa and cellulose by D. flavida, whereas with S. robusta maximum amount of lignin was utilized by D. flavida and maximum cellulose by P. badius
Surfactant protein D inhibits HIV-1 infection of target cells via interference with gp120-CD4 interaction and modulates pro-inflammatory cytokine production
No full text© 2014 Pandit et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Surfactant Protein SP-D, a member of the collectin family, is a pattern recognition protein, secreted by mucosal epithelial cells and has an important role in innate immunity against various pathogens. In this study, we confirm that native human SP-D and a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rhSP-D) bind to gp120 of HIV-1 and significantly inhibit viral replication in vitro in a calcium and dose-dependent manner. We show, for the first time, that SP-D and rhSP-D act as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 entry in to target cells and block the interaction between CD4 and gp120 in a dose-dependent manner. The rhSP-D-mediated inhibition of viral replication was examined using three clinical isolates of HIV-1 and three target cells: Jurkat T cells, U937 monocytic cells and PBMCs. HIV-1 induced cytokine storm in the three target cells was significantly suppressed by rhSP-D. Phosphorylation of key kinases p38, Erk1/2 and AKT, which contribute to HIV-1 induced immune activation, was significantly reduced in vitro in the presence of rhSP-D. Notably, anti-HIV-1 activity of rhSP-D was retained in the presence of biological fluids such as cervico-vaginal lavage and seminal plasma. Our study illustrates the multi-faceted role of human SPD against HIV-1 and potential of rhSP-D for immunotherapy to inhibit viral entry and immune activation in acute HIV infection. © 2014 Pandit et al.The work (Project no. 2011-16850) was supported by Medical Innovation Fund of Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India (www.icmr.nic.in/)
Union Catalog of Serials in International Agricultural Research Centers (IARCs) Volume II
No full textStaff of ICRISAT Library and Documentation Services have compi led this union catalog of serials of 14 international
agricultural research centers in response to the recommendations of the CGI A R Documentation and Informat ion
Services meeting held in 1987 at the International Potato Center (OP ) , L ima . The modi f ied version of the software
already in use at ICRISAT for the production of a catalog of serials was used for this compi lat ion. For bibliographic
description and codification of language, frequency, and count ry, the guidelines and rules provided by the International
Serials Data System (1SDS) were used. The serial titles were indexed using the C A B International thesaurus. The catalog
contains 5 401 entries f rom AVRDC, CIAT, C IMMY T , CIP, I C A R D A , ICIPE, ICRISAT ( including ICRISAT Sahelian
Center), IFPRI , I IMI , I LCA, I L R A D , IRRI , ISNAR, and the Secretariat of the Consultative Group on International
Agr icul tural Research. A micro CDS/ ISIS database has also been developed using the catalog data. This hard copy
version, as wel l as the database, are available for use in participating IARCs and other interested institutions
- …
